What is the difference between a jinshi and a lifter?

In the ancient Chinese imperial examination system, those who passed the last level of the **** imperial court examination were called jinshi. It is the name of the ancient imperial examination and the first one. This term was first found in the Book of Rites and the Imperial System.

During the great cause of Emperor Yang of the Sui Dynasty, the Jinshi subject was introduced. Tang also set up this subject, all candidates are called Jinshi, and those who take the test are called Jinshi. In the Tang Dynasty, the two subjects of Jinshi and Ming Jing were the most important, and later poetry became the main examination content of Jinshi.

In the Yuan, Ming and Qing dynasties, after the Jinshi passed the palace examination, the first person was given a birth and was called a Jinshi. And it is divided into three grades: one class 3 people, give Jinshi and the first; The second and third grades, divided into Jinshi and Jinshi origin, are given the same Jinshi background.

Ming Dong Qichang's "Jiehuan Yuan Gongxing": "Yuan Keli) Wuzi was raised in the township, and he became a jinshi. ”

A person is a person who is recommended. In the Han Dynasty, there was no method of examination, and the imperial court ordered the county and the state to recommend each other to promote talents, because they called the people they were raised by "lifting people". In the Tang and Song dynasties, there was a Jinshi department, and those who should be subject to the tribute were generally called the lifters.

In the Ming and Qing dynasties, the people who took the township test were called lifters, also known as the General Assembly and the Great Spring Yuan. If you are in the middle of a lift, it is called "liberation" and "development". It is customary to call people "master", and the elegant name is filial piety.

From "The Analects of Wei Linggong".

The difference between Xiucai, Renren, and Jinshi is: different examination methods, different treatments, and different grades.

1. The examination method is different:

1. Jinshi: Jinshi passed the palace examination, and the emperor personally presided over the examination.

2. Lifting people: Lifting people to pass the township test, and the provincial level will hold the examination.

3. Xiucai: Xiucai has passed the county examination, the government examination, and the hospital examination, and the children participated.

Second, the treatment is different

1. Jinshi: Jinshi has the experience of entering the Hanlin Academy to prepare for the emperor's consultation and learning.

2. Lifting people: Lifting people enjoy the privilege of exemption from taxation and forced labor.

3. Xiucai: Xiucai can get the best meal supply treatment.

3. Different grades:

1. Jinshi: It is a national-level examination, Jinshi can enter the court as an official, the future is relatively good, and his reputation is also very great in the court, and he can be crowned a marquis in the future.

2. Lifting people: Lifting people can become ordinary **, which is lower than the Jinshi level.

3. Xiucai: The official does not kneel, and the people are very popular, and the rank is the lowest.

The road to the advancement of the imperial examination:

In ancient times, if scholars wanted to gain fame, they had to go through a ten-year cold window and participate in the examinations held by the highest level of the world. They are:

County test - government test - hospital test - township test - meeting test - palace test.

The county government is a preliminary examination, and those who pass the preliminary examination are called children. You can enter the imperial examination.

There are four levels in total: the hospital examination - the township examination - the general examination - the palace examination four levels.

1) After the college examination, it is called "student", that is, Xiucai.

2) Xiucai participates in the township examination, and the qualified person is called lifter.

3) The test place is Beijing, and after the examination, it is called "Gongshi".

4) Gongshi can participate in the palace examination, and if he passes the examination, he is called Jinshi.

The palace examination is divided into three grades: the first is given to the Jinshi and the first, the first place in the palace examination - the champion, the second place - called the list eye, and the third - Tanhua.

The second class was born as a jinshi, and the third class was born as a jinshi.

The imperial examination was an important means for the selection of talents and officials at all levels in ancient China. It began in the Sui Dynasty, matured in the Tang Dynasty, and continued to be used until the fall of the Qing Dynasty. It is regarded as the earliest "college entrance examination" in China.

Differences: 1. The difficulty is different. The rate of admission to Jinshi is far lower than that of lifting people, thirty old Ming Jing, fifty young Jinshi", which shows the difficulty of Jinshi.

2. The benefits enjoyed are different. Lifting people can be officials, the status is equal to the county level, and at worst they can be a teacher; The status of the jinshi was higher, and the worst started at the county level (zhixian), and the speed and space for promotion were much higher than those of the juren, and they monopolized high-level official positions.

3. The time and place of the test are different. The Jinshi exam is usually held in the second month of the lunar calendar, in the capital, or even in the imperial palace; The examination is held in March of the lunar calendar, and the examination location is mostly in the place.