What are the first 2 judgments to be made before the treatment of the trauma

1) On-site rescue.

The scene of disasters and accidents is generally very chaotic, and the organization and command are particularly important, so a temporary on-site rescue team should be quickly formed, unified command, and first-line rescue at the scene of disasters and accidents should be strengthened, which is one of the key measures to ensure the success of the rescue.

Avoid panic, shorten the time from injury to rescue as much as possible, and emphasize that improving basic technology is the most important issue in doing a good job in disaster and accident scene rescue. Be good at applying the existing advanced scientific and technological means, embody the rescue principle of "three-dimensional rescue and rapid response", and improve the success rate of rescue.

The principle of on-site rescue is to save lives first and then treat injuries, first serious injuries and then minor injuries, first rescue and then rescue, rescue in the rescue, get out of the accident scene as soon as possible, first classify and then send, medical personnel to rescue, other personnel to rob, each responsible for their own responsibility, cooperate with each other, so as not to delay the rescue time. On-site ambulance personnel should pay attention to their own protection.

b) Evacuation of the wounded.

The first batch of medical personnel who enter the scene should classify the injured in a timely manner, do a good job of medical treatment before evacuation, designate evacuation, and ambulance personnel can assist in evacuation, so that the injured can obtain the necessary ** in the shortest possible time. Moreover, it is necessary to ensure uninterrupted rescue of the critically injured during the evacuation.

General conditions, including pulse, respiration, blood pressure, heart rate, state of consciousness, etc., 2The site of injury, the mechanism of injury.

Answer] :d postoperative management of patients with hand trauma should be correct: When bandaging the wound, use a soft dressing between the finger webs to avoid erosion caused by sweat soaking**, and the free skin graft should be properly pressurized.

The affected limb is immobilized with a cast to facilitate healing of the repaired tissue. Generally, it should be fixed in the functional position of the wrist joint, the flexion position of the metacarpophalangeal joint, and the microflexion position of the interphalangeal joint. If the joint is damaged and it is difficult to regain activity in the future, the joints of the hand should be fixed in a functional position.

The fixed position of Shenyan Changjing, tendon and blood vessel repair should be based on the principle of no tension of the repaired tissue. The fixation time depends on the nature of the repaired tissue, such as 2 weeks after vascular anastomosis, 3 4 weeks after tendon suture, 4 6 weeks after nerve repair, 3 weeks for joint dislocation, and 4 6 weeks for fractures. Elevate the affected limb to prevent swelling.

Tetanus antivenom is given and antibiotics are used to prevent infection. 10 14 days after the operation, remove the wound rough argument and cut sutures, remove the external fixation as soon as possible after the tissue heals, and start active and passive functional exercises, supplemented by physical **, to promote the recovery of function. Deep tissues requiring secondary repair are repaired within 1 to 3 months depending on the wound healing and local conditions.

The first treatment of the wound is wrong: the surface of the wound is rubbed with iodine tincture to prevent infection; Wound penetrating foreign bodies should be removed immediately.

For different types of wounds, the treatment is different. Under normal circumstances, after the injury, the wound is mild and can be treated by yourself, the treatment method is to disinfect with disinfectant first, and then apply a band-aid to observe whether the bleeding is stopped, if the wound cannot stop bleeding, it is recommended to go to the hospital as soon as possible after bandaging**. For particularly severe wounds, where anatomical tissue is exposed, they should not be treated by themselves, and should be bandaged with gauze as soon as possible to stop bleeding, and go to the hospital for treatment in time.

If the wound does not stop bleeding, you can first use ropes, cloths, towels, etc., to bandage the injured parts such as limbs or fingers to stop bleeding, and inject the bleeding time to avoid limb ischemia.

Cleaning trapped wounds: When disinfecting and cleaning the wound, it should be confirmed that there is no dirt residue in the wound, and the wound can be cleaned with water or normal saline mercury lease (sodium chloride solution) to remove dirt, and for sand, small stones and other foreign bodies that cannot be washed away, clean gauze and cotton swabs can be used to remove them.

Wound disinfection: After cleaning the wound, iodophor can be used to disinfect it, and it is recommended to wipe from the inside to the outside at a distance of 3-5 cm around the center of the wound. It should be noted that alcohol is not suitable for cleaning broken wounds.

Covering the wound: Covering the wound is also a critical step, and the most familiar wound covering material is the Band-Aid, which can compress and stop bleeding, protect the wound, and sterilize (e.g., some Band-Aids containing disinfectants). It is generally recommended to change the band-aid every day to observe the wound, and if there is redness, oozing, fever, swelling, and increased pain, you should seek medical attention immediately.

Answer]: A severe trauma or emergency patient can meet the diagnostic requirements when undergoing X-ray examination, so as to minimize the patient's stay time in the radiology department, and win the opportunity to save the patient. Burying.