How do you study the annals? How to read the Records of the Historians efficiently?

It's very simple, first of all, to read, first to understand the meaning of the article, which refers to the direct meaning. The second is the analysis of the characters you read, through what you read to understand the characteristics of the character's deeds and other information, the third is to understand the characters in combination with the background of the era in which the characters are located, the fourth can be compared to other historical books for the same character and events, and the fifth can be the question of your interest in this character, which is only for your reference.

The greatness of the "Historical Records" needs no need to be repeated. But how to read it handy, save time, and get to the core?

Liang Qichao has pointed out for us in the "Reading Guide" two ways to read "common sense reading" and "special reading", which are excerpted below

0.Warm-up preparation: Limit author profile and evaluation through the ages.

1。A common sense reading.

To sum up: beginners can first eliminate the ten tables, eight books, and the duplicate part of "Zuo Chuan Lag Rock", and the fake book part, which accounts for about one-third of the whole book, which has saved a lot of energy.

The remaining two-thirds are to be read like this:

Summary: To read according to the subject matter, theme, or character, or system, the main point is: "It is advisable to improve the vision, a bird's eye view of the whole book, and not be limited to finding lines and counting ink", that is, to focus on the big picture, not to examine details such as dictionaries.

Summary: Read it according to the historical trajectory first, look at the big picture, and do it in one go. Then grab the key events and read them intensively, and ask for something to be gained.

Summary: Read according to the purpose of writing skills, select key chapters, read more, and comprehend the beauty of dictionaries.

2。Specialized reading.

Summary: Seek truth from falsehood and make independent judgments.

Summary: The reliability of the historical information before the Korean Dynasty is generally in the historical records, and readers should keep their eyes open and verify it in many ways.

Summary: Exegesis commentaries, try to read the rare books of today.

Summary: Read according to geography and chronology to grasp the context.

Liang Rengong finally concluded:

There are two ways to read the "Historical Records".

First, the reading of common sense: first read "Taishi Gongzi Preface" and "Hanshu Sima Qian's Biography" to find out the author's age, sexuality, experience and the general outline of the whole book.

Second, the reading method of specialization: read the part of "Hanshu Narrative" on "Historical Records", Liu Zhiji's "Xunbi Chain Shitong" on "Six Chapters of Counting and Coming", "Two Bodies Chapter", "Orthodox Chapter", Zheng Qiao's "General Preface to Tongzhi" on "Historical Records", "Sui Shu Jingzhi Zhi" and "Siku Synopsis" on the official history of the Department of History on the description of "Historical Records", in order to understand the position and value of this book in the field of historiography.

"Historical Records" research study refers to the in-depth study of some topics, then take and study the "Historical Records" Each of us learns a different topic, I am the first topic, the study is "In the process of Liu Bang and Xiang Yu's war, Xiang Yu can be said to be invincible, Liu Bang can be said to be defeated in every battle, and then Liu Bang is getting stronger and stronger, but Xiang Yu is going to perish? "The main thing is to study this, and the research method is to find out the battle of the two people on the map, analyze the changes in the strength of the two sides in the no battle, what consequences have been caused, and find out the reason. It's not about personality, it's too easy to say, and it's not the most fundamental reason.

We should have spent a month on this topic, this time it is a big **, at least 4,000 words, it should be five or six thousand, and it should be written in strict accordance with the framework structure that the teacher said. It took me a month to write it, and there are four parts.

The first part is the personal war between Xiang Yu and Liu Bang, which is a subjective look at their battles, the consequences they caused, and the impact on the overall situation. The core war in which the two participated, the change in the strength of each force, the factors that affected the victory of the two in the war, and the factors that affected the change in the strength of the two people, all of these must be summarized.

The second is to objectively look at their influence on the entire war from the side characters, how big and effective they are. It is mainly written about Han Xin, Peng Yue, Di Bu and others, or to analyze their wars, Han Xin opened up the northern battlefield, Peng Yue guerrilla cut off the grain route, and Di Bu conspired against Xiang Yu.

The third part is to summarize and analyze the reasons, because the first two times were analyzed separately, and finally summarized the reasons, this time it took me a lot of time, to see Liu Xiang Benji, Han Xin Peng Yue Benji, etc., I watched all of them, spent a lot of time and energy, and finally got it done the next day. There is still a sense of accomplishment to some extent. After all, it took a month of research and traversing.

I've never written such a long **, and I'm a little excited in my heart.

Then the fourth part is to be modified**,**has been roughly formed, and now it has entered the modification stage. The teacher read each of our ** and annotated the revisions, and then the teacher sent us down for us to go back and revise by ourselves, so that my ** was completed. After a month of research and study, it was finally over, and it was a great harvest.

The research study of "Historical Records" not only allows us to complete the goal of learning, but more importantly, the process of learning, so that we can enjoy the process of learning through the dispute between Chu and Han, and learn a lot of things at once. I have gained a lot and my learning has improved a lot.

In the process, I also realized how wonderful it is to learn and study those things, and I not only learned about them, but also enjoyed the process. If you just rely on plagiarism on the Internet, you will not gain anything in the end, and you will not learn anything. Xia Sun Liang has a study and study of human words, my heart, looking forward to it!

Reading historical records can increase our knowledge reserves, develop a sense of ancient texts, improve the level of writing and judging compositions, enhance the precipitation of one's own writing, enlighten rational thinking, and enrich life experience. It can not only greatly broaden the horizon and pattern, but also take history as a mirror, establish lofty ambitions, and cultivate excellent character.

The "Historical Records" is divided into five parts: the book, the table, the book, the family, and the biography. Among them, the Benji and the biography are the main body. It takes the emperors and other political central figures in history as the main line of compilation of historical books, and the division of labor is clear in various styles, among them, the three parts of "Benji", "Family" and "Biography" account for most of the book, and they all record history with characters as the center.

As a result, Sima Qian created a new style of historical books, "Ji Biography Style".

For the research study of "Historical Records", we have also carried out it for nearly a month, and most of the students have also completed more than 5,000 words, which is a big breakthrough for us. Then I'll summarize the results of the month! There are things in the summary that I didn't do well, and there are things that I feel like I'm doing well.

Let's talk about the results I've gotten over the course of the month. Although my current essay is not yet complete, and I am still working hard to revise it, I believe that I will definitely show the results of my efforts this month. In my opinion, there are so many problems that I can't complete my homework, in the previous few assignments, I haven't entered the state of research learning, in the first few assignments, the teacher said that I just wrote another essay, not studying this thing, and then, it led to my last**, a finished product, and I am still revising the clock.

However, I still have something that Brother Xun is not good at doing in this. The first thing that is not good is that the current ** finished product has not been completed (I have also analyzed it before). The second is that I don't know how to study, but I really don't study this thing, and before that I was stupid enough to think that he just wanted to write an essay.

But I feel like I'm still doing really well. I feel that I can write this ** persistently, I feel that I am already great, because for my previous level, sometimes it is difficult for me to write 1500 times, but this time, I am still challenging myself, writing 5000 words**, although there has been a challenge of 10,000 words ** before, I am also afraid that I will not be able to complete it, and I did not participate. But I've taken a big step forward and raised me to a higher level, and although I can't guarantee that the final result will be perfect, I'm still writing this article with my best ability.

I've had my faults in this, and I've had my own experiences, and I feel great, and I've learned a lot in it.

I've learned a lot in the process. I went from not really researching to studying something. Although I still need the guidance of my teacher, I believe that in the near future, I will definitely do real research.

And I can write more words of composition, through writing 5000 words of **, I have learned, some of the techniques of writing **, some techniques can be applied to the composition, and then I can write more words of composition. There are many, many things that you can't learn in other schools. But I think everybody has definitely made that improvement, and that's where I feel like I'm improving.

In the course of nearly a month of research-based study of the "Historical Records", I have made a lot of progress and learned a lot.