What does optical semiconductor mean? What does semiconductors mean

Its resistance is between a conductor and an insulator, so it is called a semiconductor.

Semiconductors are materials that conduct electricity at room temperature between conductors and insulators.

Semiconductors are widely used in consumer electronics, communication systems, medical instruments, and other fields. For example, diodes are devices made of semiconductors.

Whether from the perspective of technology or economic development, the importance of semiconductors is very huge. The core unit of most of today's electronic products, such as computers, mobile** or digital voice recorders, is closely related to semiconductors.

Basic Overview

Matter exists in various forms, solids, liquids, gases, plasma, and so on. We usually refer to materials with poor electrical conductivity, such as coal, intraocular crystals, amber, ceramics, etc., as insulators. Metals with good conductivity, such as gold, silver, copper, iron, tin, aluminum, etc., are called conductors.

The material between a conductor and an insulator can simply be called a semiconductor. Compared with conductors and insulators, the discovery of semiconductor materials was the latest, and it was not until the 30s of the 20th century, when the purification technology of materials was improved, that the existence of semiconductors was truly recognized by the academic community.

Semiconductors are materials that conduct electricity at room temperature between conductors and insulators. Semiconductors are mainly used in radios, televisions, and temperature measurement. A semiconductor refers to a material that has a controllable electrical conductivity and can range from an insulator to a conductor.

From the perspective of science and technology and economic development, semiconductors affect people's daily work and life, and it was not until the 30s of the 20th century that this material was recognized by the academic community.

Objects such as germanium, silicon, selenium, gallium arsenide, and many metal oxides and metal sulfides, whose conductivity is between conductors and insulators, are called semiconductors.

Semiconductors have some special properties. For example, the relationship between the resistivity and temperature of semiconductors can be used to make thermistors (thermistors) for automatic control; Its photosensitive characteristics can be used to make photosensitive elements for automatic control, such as photocells, photocells and photoresistors.

Semiconductors also have one of the most important properties, and if trace impurities are properly incorporated into pure semiconductor substances, their conductivity will increase millions of times. This characteristic can be used to manufacture a variety of semiconductor devices for different purposes, such as semiconductor diodes, transistors, etc.

When one side of a semiconductor is made into a p-type region and the other side is made into an n-type region, a thin layer with special properties is formed near the junction, which is generally called a p-n junction. The upper part of the figure shows the diffusion of carriers at the interface between p-type semiconductors and n-type semiconductors (indicated by black arrows). The middle part shows the formation process of the p-n junction, indicating that the diffusion of the carriers is greater than the drift (indicated by a blue arrow, and a red arrow indicates the direction of the built-in electric field).

The lower part is the formation of the PN junction. Represents the dynamic equilibrium of diffusion and drift.

Semiconductors are materials that have electrical conductivity between conductors and insulators at room temperature.

Semiconductors are used in integrated circuits, consumer electronics, communication systems, photovoltaic power generation, lighting, high-power power conversion and other fields, such as diodes are devices made of semiconductors.

The photogenerated volt effect of semiconductor materials is the basic principle of the operation of solar cells. At this stage, the photovoltaic application of semiconductor materials has become a hot topic, and it is the fastest growing and best-developed clean energy market in the world.

The main material of solar cells is semiconductor materials, and the main criterion for judging the advantages and disadvantages of solar cells is the photoelectric conversion rate, the higher the photoelectric conversion rate, the higher the working efficiency of the solar cell. Depending on the semiconductor material used, solar cells are divided into crystalline silicon solar cells, thin-film cells, and III-V compound cells.

Zhuyin one one

Pinyin bàn dǎo tǐ guāng diàn qì jiànBasic DefinitionDevices made using the photoelectric (or thermoelectric effect) of semiconductors. Yufushu semiconductor optoelectronic devices such as optical pipes, photocells, hall carrying photodiodes, photoelectric transistors, etc.; Semiconductor thermoelectric devices such as thermistors, thermogenerators, and thermoelectric coolers.

First, the nature is not the same.

1. Semiconductor: It is a material whose conductivity is between a conductor and an insulator at room temperature.

Second, the application is different.

1. Semiconductors: Semiconductors can be used to measure the degree of temperature guessing, the temperature measurement range can reach 70% of the fields of production, life, medical and health, scientific research and teaching, etc., with high accuracy and stability, the resolution can reach, and even it is not impossible to achieve, linearity, temperature measurement range -100 +300, is a very cost-effective temperature measuring element.

2. Optics: Since optics is composed of many sub-disciplines closely related to physics and has a wide range of applications, there are a series of sub-disciplines with strong application backgrounds that also belong to the scope of optics. For example, photometry and radiometry for the measurement of physical quantities of electromagnetic radiation; Using the normal average human eye as a receiver to study the color vision caused by electromagnetic radiation and the colorimetry of the measurement of psychophysical quantities.