How is lung squamous cell carcinoma staged, and how is lung cancer staged?

If there is metastasis or pleural effusion, it is generally advanced, and wuzhiye has a good effect on lung cancer.

True staging of lung cancer (early, advanced ones are not useful).

T stage: Tx: no primary tumour found, or cancer cells are found by sputum cytology or bronchial lavage, but not by imaging or bronchoscopy.

t0: no evidence of primary tumor.

TIS: carcinoma in situ.

T1: The maximum diameter of the tumor is 3cm, surrounded by lung tissue and visceral pleura, bronchoscopy shows that the tumor invades the lobe bronchus, but does not invade the main bronchus.

T1A: Tumor maximum diameter 2cm, T1B: Tumor maximum diameter 》2cm, 3cm.

T2: Maximum tumor diameter 3cm, 7cm; invasion of the main bronchus, but beyond 2 cm from the carina; invasion of the visceral pleura; Presence of obstructive pneumonia or partial atelectasis, excluding total atelectasis. If any of the above conditions are met, it is classified as T2.

T2A: Maximum tumor diameter > 3cm, 5cm, T2B: Tumor maximum diameter > 5cm, 7cm.

T3: Maximum diameter of tumor 7cm; Direct invasion of any of the following organs, including: chest wall (including superior sulcus tumor), diaphragm, phrenic nerve, mediastinal pleura, pericardium; 2 cm from the carina < cm (uncommon superficial spread tumor, regardless of size, invasion is limited to the bronchial wall, although it may invade the main bronchi, but still T1), but does not invade the carina; panpulmonary atelectasis pneumonia; Solitary cancerous nodules in the same lobe.

If any of the above conditions are met, it is classified as T3.

T4: Regardless of size, invades any of the following organs, including: mediastinum, heart, large vessels, carina, recurrent laryngeal nerve, main trachea, esophagus, vertebral body; Solitary cancerous nodules in different lobes of the same side.

N-stage: Nx: Regional lymph nodes cannot be assessed.

N0: No regional lymph node metastases.

N1: Metastases to ipsilateral peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes and intrapulmonary lymph nodes, including those involving direct invasion.

N2: intramediastinal and/or subcarinal lymph node metastases.

N3: metastases to the contralateral mediastinum, contralateral hila, ipsilateral or contralateral anterior scalene muscle, and supraclavicular lymph nodes.

M stage: MX: distant metastases cannot be determined.

m0: No distant metastases.

m1: distant metastasis.

M1A: pleural dissemination (malignant pleural effusion, pericardial effusion, or pleural nodules) and cancerous nodules in the contralateral lobe (many lung cancer pleural effusions are caused by tumors, a small number of patients have multiple negative cytological examinations of pleural fluid, neither bloody nor exudate, if various factors and clinical judgment suggest that the effusion is not related to the tumor, then the pleural effusion should not be considered as a factor in the staging, and the patient should still be classified as T1-3).

M1B: distant metastases to the lungs and extrapleura.

No diffusion is a good phenomenon, and cooperating with the doctor to actively ** is definitely saved.

……I wish Ling Zun a speedy ** .........

It's best if it doesn't spread, so didn't the doctor say it's worsened? Like your father, at least in the middle of the term, it's better to hurry up**. Go back and let your father see this case Liu also persevered to the end of the journey of cancer, mainly to make your father believe that it will be cured and will pass.

No lymphatic metastases belong to the stage stage, early. Ipsilateral lymphatic metastases of the second stage. There are four stages of distant metastases, and three other stages. **It is recommended that you choose radiotherapy, especially the new radiotherapy technology, spiral tomography radiotherapy.

Hope it helps!

If there is no spread, the probability of ** is still very high, surgery and chemotherapy can be used, but *** is relatively large, and it is also another harm to the human body. You can choose Chinese medicine to try, and the effect is stable.

If it spreads, it is at an advanced stage, and it is more difficult, which can be carried out with the use of traditional Chinese medicine hot compresses, and if surgery and chemotherapy are done, it is greater.

Staging is a way of describing cancer, such as the location of the tumor, whether it has metastasized, and whether it has affected the function of other organs in the body. Doctors need to determine the staging based on the results of diagnostic tests, so the staging should only be done after the examination is complete.

The staging of small cell lung cancer is divided into two stages: limited disease and extensive disease, using the VA stage developed by the American Veterans Hospital and the International Lung Cancer Research Association.

Limited-stage small cell lung cancer is characterized by tumor confinement to one side of the chest, including supraclavicular or anterior scalene lymph node metastases and ipsilateral pleural effusion. For limited-stage small cell lung cancer, clinical staging should be further carried out according to TNM stage, so as to more accurately administer individualized optimal ** to patients with different stages.

Extensive-stage small cell lung cancer is characterized by lesions that extend beyond the localized range. "Liu Ye Cancer: Perseverance to the End" hopes to help you.

Lung cancer has become one of the most serious cancer diseases today, which not only endangers the patient's body, but also greatly affects the patient's quality of life. At the same time, lung cancer experts from Henan Institute of Modern Medicine remind patients and their families to have a clearer understanding of lung cancer and understand the stage of lung cancer, so as to better cooperate with the hospital and fight the disease to the end.

From a medical point of view, the staging of lung cancer is an important method to define the degree of cancer cell spread, and the best methods chosen by lung cancer patients with different stages are also different, and the staging system of small cell and non-small cell lung cancer is also different. The first is the staging of non-small cell lung cancer: TNM staging is most commonly used internationally to describe the growth and spread of non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer T stage: T represents the size of the tumor and the degree of spread within the lungs and adjacent organs. N grade of non-small cell lung cancer:

On the other hand, the staging of small cell lung cancer can also be staged in the same way as non-small cell lung cancer, but experts have found that the simpler stage 2 system is better on the ** option. This system divides small cell lung cancer into "limited" and "diffuse" phases. Small cell lung cancer is limited to one lung and the lymph nodes are located only in the same chest.

The spread phase of small cell lung cancer refers to the extensive phase when the cancer spreads to the other lung, or to the lymph nodes of the opposite chest, or to distant organs, or if there is malignant pleural fluid surrounding the lung. Therefore, lung cancer patients must have an understanding and awareness of their own diseases.

Lung cancer experts from Henan Institute of Modern Medicine Hospital said that for patients, lung cancer staging is the key, and only by recognizing the various stages of lung cancer can we better take the best plan and judge the patient's prognosis more correctly. Therefore, lung cancer patients must observe their own body, and if they feel unwell, they should diagnose and examine with a doctor in time to control their condition.

Lung cancer can be classified as intraductal: the tumour is confined to the larger bronchial lumen. Pipe wall infiltration type:

Massy: The mass is irregularly shaped and poorly demarcated from the surrounding lung tissue. Diffuse infiltrate:

The tumour does not form a localized mass but is diffuse and infiltrates a lobe or large portion of the lung that mimics lobar pneumonia.

In terms of staging, the staging of lung cancer is not consistent between China and the rest of the world. The TNM clinical staging of lung cancer revised by the International Anti-Cancer League in 1986 has important clinical significance for determining the extent of lesions, formulating the best plan, unifying the first standard, and evaluating the prognosis of lung cancer, so it has been widely used in the world. It is recommended to take life protectant for those who can consider surviving with tumors, which can shrink the lesion and control metastasis.

Stage 0 (carcinoma in situ) TIS stage T1N0M0, T2N0M0 stage T1N1M0, T2N1M0 A stage T3N0M0, T3N1M0, T1 3N2M0 Stage B (inoperable), T0 4N3M0, T4N0 3M0 (inoperable) T0 4N0 4M1 indicates that T represents the primary tumor.

T0 has no evidence of primary tumor.

TX, bronchial discharge test confirms malignant cells, but x-rays and bronchoscopy fail to confirm any tumor.

TIS: carcinoma in situ.

T1 tumors have a maximum diameter of 3 cm, surrounded by interstitial or visceral pleura, and the tumor does not involve the proximal lobe bronchi.

The maximum diameter of the T2 tumor is 3cm, or regardless of the size of the tumor, but it invades the pleura, expands into the hilar region, and causes lobe atelectasis or obstructive pneumonia, and the proximal end of the tumor should be more than 2cm away from the convexity.

T3 tumors directly invade the chest wall (including superior sulcus tumors), diaphragm, mediastinum, or pericardium, but do not involve the heart, large vessels, trachea, esophagus, vertebral bodies, or the tumor is located in the common bronchus < 2 cm from the carina

T4 Regardless of the size of the tumor, the cancer directly invades the chest wall, diaphragm, heart, large blood vessels, esophagus, vertebral body, superior sulcus, carina, or pleura.

n stands for affected lymph nodes.

N0 had no evidence of regional lymph node metastasis.

N1 metastasis to peribronchial and/or ipsilateral hilar lymph nodes (including direct invasion of the primary tumor).

N2 metastases to ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes and subcarinal lymph nodes.

N3 metastasis to contralateral mediastinal lymph nodes, contralateral hilar lymph nodes, ipsilateral or contralateral scalene muscles, or supraclavicular lymph nodes.

m stands for far-zone transfer.

There was no evidence of distant metastasis at m0.

M1 has evidence of distant metastases.

Primary tumor (T) stage.

TX Primary tumor size is not measurable; or sputum exfoliated cells, or cancer cells found in bronchial irrigation fluid, but no primary tumor on imaging and bronchoscopy.

T0 has no evidence of primary tumor.

TIS: carcinoma in situ.

T1 primary tumor 3cm

T1A primary tumor 2cm

T1B primary tumor》2cm, 3cm

T2 tumours involve the main bronchus but are 2cm from the carina; involvement of the visceral pleura; Partial atelectasis.

T2a tumors 3cm-5cm

T2B tumor》5cm-7cm

T3 tumor》7 cm, involving the chest wall, diaphragm, pericardium, mediastinal pleura, or main bronchus (2 cm from the carina, but not to the carina); panatelectasis; Separated cancerous nodules in the same lobe of the primary tumor.

T4 invasion of the mediastinum, heart, great vessels, carina, trachea, esophagus, or vertebral bodies; Isolated cancerous nodules in different lobes on the ipsilateral side of the primary tumor.

Lymph node metastasis (N) stage.

NX lymph node metastases cannot be determined.

N0: No regional lymph node metastases.

N1 ipsilateral bronchial and hilar lymph node metastases.

N2 ipsilateral mediastinum, subcarinous lymph node metastases.

N3 Contralateral mediastinum and, contralateral hila, anterior scalene muscle, or supraclavicular lymph node metastases.

Distant metastases (M) stage.

MX is not able to assess the presence of distant metastases.

m0 without distant metastasis.

Occult carcinoma:

Cancer cells are found in bronchial secretions, but x-rays or bronchoscopy do not reveal tumors. There are no transfers.

Stage 0: carcinoma in situ. There are no transfers.

Stage: Tumor less than 3cm, peribronchial or ipsilateral hilar lymph node metastasis, no distant metastases found;

Tumor larger than 3cm, peribronchial or ipsilateral hilar lymph node metastasis, no distant metastasis;

There are parabronchial or intrapulmonary and hilar lymph node metastases.

Stage A: tumor less than 3cm, ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node or subcarinal lymph node metastasis, no distant metastasis;

The tumor is larger than 3cm, and the ipsilateral mediastinal lymph node or subcarinal lymph node metastases, without distant metastasis;

Tumors of any size with direct invasion of adjacent organs such as chest wall, diaphragm, mediastinal pleura, pericardium, etc., no metastasis in ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes or subcarinal lymph nodes, and no distant metastasis; Metastases of the chest wall and ipsilateral mediastinal lymph nodes can be surgically removed.

Stage B: tumors of any size, or have invaded the heart, large vessels, trachea, carina, etc., or accompanied by malignant pleural effusion, peribronchial or ipsilateral lymph node metastasis, or contralateral mediastinum, hilar lymph node or anterior scalene muscle, supraclavicular lymph node metastasis, no distant metastasis was found;

Extensive extrapulmonary spread of the primary lesion, metastases to important organs in the mediastinum, metastases to the anterior scalene muscle and supraclavicular lymph nodes, and malignant pleural effusion may also occur, some of which can be surgically removed.

Stage: Distant metastases (brain, liver, bone, contralateral lung, neck, and supraclavicular lymph nodes).

Broader invasion beyond stage B. Extremely difficult to operate**.

Hello, the staging of lung cancer helps to judge the prognosis and the comparison and selection of methods. Lung cancer can be staged clinically, but it is more accurate to stage lung cancer after various methods have been used to understand the local and systemic disease, especially after thoracotomy.

Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, also known as squamous cell carcinoma of the lung, includes spindle cell carcinoma, and is the most common type, accounting for 40% to 51% of primary lung cancers. Squamous cell carcinoma of the lung is more common in older men and is closely related to smoking. Lung squamous cell carcinoma is more common as type ** lung cancer, and has a tendency to grow in the chest lumen, and lung squamous cell carcinoma often causes bronchial stenosis or obstructive pneumonia in the early stage.

Lung squamous cell carcinoma grows slowly, metastasizes late, has more opportunities for surgical resection, has a higher 5-year survival rate, and lung squamous cell carcinoma is less sensitive to radiotherapy and chemotherapy than small cell undifferentiated carcinoma.