Master, please advise, thank you for what is the collective name of Historical Records and Zizhi

People refer to Sima Guang and Sima Qian as the "two Simas" of history, and the two books "Historical Records" and "Zizhi Tongjian" are collectively called China's "two masters of historiography".

"Historical Records" and"Information Governance Guide".The differences are as follows:

1. The layout of the two books is different.

The Records of the Historian is a general history in the form of a biography, that is, the biographies of emperors and generals of various dynasties narrate major historical events. It is based on the characters, with the characters of the book and the biography as the key link, and the description is carried out. To use a misapt analogy, we can understand it as a history of characters.

The Zizhi Tongjian is a chronicle.

It is written in chronological order, and it is recorded in the order of year, month and day, emphasizing the correlation between each event.

2. The main body of history revision is different.

The Records of the Historian is a private revision of history, Sima Qian.

The "Records of the Historians" written by individuals is a personal revision of history, and its creative freedom is relatively large. For example, like Confucius Laozi.

In this way, in the Chinese ideological and cultural circles, the figures who occupy the mainstream core position were written into the "Historical Records" by Sima Qian, and they were born for the wilderness. This kind of writing, in official writings, is not common.

Zizhi Tongjian" is an official history book, and "Zizhi Tongjian" can be regarded as a book written by Sima Guang.

He presided over the revision of the official historical work, and his creation was officially endorsed, and the number of people involved in the process of writing the book was relatively large.

3. The difference in writing time.

Zizhi Tongjian is the Northern Song Dynasty.

Written, the history recorded in the "Zizhi Tongjian" is from the last week of King Weilie.

Twenty-three years to the sixth year of Zhou Xiande, a total of 1362 years have passed.

The "Historical Records" was written by the Western Han Dynasty, and the "Historical Records" recorded the Yellow Emperor.

Era to Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

The history of the times has gone through more than 3,000 years.

4. Different from the content of the writing.

From the Warring States period to the Five Dynasties, the content involved in Zizhi Tongjian is very extensive, including politics, military, economy, culture and evaluation of historical figures, with a total of 294 volumes and more than 3 million words.

The "Historical Records" started from the legendary Yellow Emperor and was written until the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, which is much less than the "Zizhi Tongjian", with only 130 articles and more than 52 million words, respectively 12 books, 30 families, 70 biographies, 10 tables, and 8 books. The whole book is based on the family, the book, and the biography, and the five styles complement each other and connect the ancient and modern.

5. The authors are different.

The author of "Historical Records" is Sima Qian; The author of "Zizhi Tongjian" is Sima Guang.

Similarities:

1. It's all official history.

2. All of them are historical books written by later generations to describe the history of previous generations.

3. Literary value: Both books are vividly written, concise in language, and have high literary value.

4. Content: All of them are general histories, but the contents involve politics, military, economy, and culture, and provide written materials for later generations to study ancient politics, economy and culture.

5. Both are the first general history.

6. The attitude of history revision is extremely rigorous.

7. It has a great impact on the history of later generations, and it is a precious historical material.

First, the classification is different

The Records of the Historians is a biographical history book, which is the first of the 24 histories. Zizhi Tongjian is a chronicle history book, which is the first chronicle general history in China, and does not belong to the 24 histories. Historical books in the style of biographies are based on people, that is, they are centered on characters and describe historical events.

Chronicles, chronicles historical events before and after time.

Second, the authors of the creation are different

1. "Historical Records" is a private history book, originally called "Taishi Gongshu", "Taishi Gongji" and "Taishi Chi Zhiji", the author is the Western Han Dynasty historian Sima Qian, which took 14 years to complete.

2. "Zizhi Tongjian", is an official history book, the editor-in-chief is Sima Guang, the prime minister of the Northern Song Dynasty, and the assistants are Liu Chu, Liu Shu, Fan Zuyu and other 3 people, which took 19 years to complete.

Third, the historical span is different

1. "Historical Records" is written from the legendary Yellow Emperor to the first four years of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty, spanning more than 3,000 years.

2. "Zizhi Tongjian" is written from the twenty-third year of King Weilie of Zhou during the Warring States Period to the sixth year of Emperor Shizong of the Later Zhou Dynasty during the Five Dynasties period, spanning a total of 1362 years, including the history of 16 dynasties.

Fourth, the writing style is different

1. The code is matched with the "Historical Records", the prose culture writing method is the mainstay, the narrative writing method is supplemented, the language is very vivid, the characters are distinct, and the oral proverbs, idioms, and ballads are widely used, and the dialect is not avoided.

2. "Zizhi Tongjian", narrative writing, concise language, vivid narrative, clear organization and clear hierarchy. Song Shenzong praised "Bo and get what he wants, simple and thoughtful".

Zizhi Tongjian" and "Historical Records" are both official histories, both of which are historical books written by later generations to describe the history of previous generations; Both books are vividly written, the language is frank and concise, and they have high literary value. So what's the difference between these two books?

1. Different styles: "Historical Records" is a general history in the style of chronicles. Character-centered, chronicles major historical events.

Zizhi Tongjian is a chronicle, that is, according to the chronological order, the major historical events are recorded.

2. The authors are different: Sima Qian; Sima Guang.

3. Different years of writing: Western Han Dynasty; Northern song dynasty.

4. The starting point of the book is different: "Historical Records" is a masterpiece created by Sima Qian with the painstaking efforts of his life, in addition to the historical value, the literary value is also very high, and the penmanship of scattered culture is adopted.

Zizhi Tongjian" is an official history book, led by Sima Guang, the purpose of compilation is mainly to provide reference and reference for the emperor, so the narration of the source is mainly a major historical event, summarizing lessons and lessons.

5. The content of the works is different: "Historical Records" is a general history throughout ancient and modern times, starting from the legendary Yellow Emperor and writing until the first year of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

Zizhi Tongjian" from the Warring States period to the five dynasties.

6. Historical records belong to the 24th history, and Zizhi Tongjian does not.

7. One is a private history book, and the other is an official history book.

Zizhi Tongjian, referred to as "Tongjian", is a multi-volume chronicle edited by Sima Guang of the Northern Song Dynasty, with a total of 294 volumes, which lasted 19 years. It is based on time and events, starting from the 23rd year of King Weilie of Zhou (403 BC) to the sixth year of the Later Zhou Shizong Xiande (959 AD) of the fifth dynasty, covering the history of 16 dynasties and 1362 years. It is the first chronicle of China's general history and occupies an extremely important position in China's official history books.

The Records of the Historian is a general history of China. It was written by Sima Qian of the Han Dynasty over a period of 18 years. The book has a total of 130 volumes, 520,000 words, 12 books, 10 tables, 8 books, 30 families, and 70 biographies, with a total of about 526,500 words, recording the history of more than 3,000 years from the era of the Yellow Emperor (about 3000 BC) to the first year of Yuanjia (122 BC) of Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty.

It is all-encompassing, but also integrated, the context is clear, "the king's traces of the rise, the primitive inspection of the end, see the prosperity and decline, the line of the examination" ("Taishi Gong self-preface"), the so-called "study of heaven and man, through the ancient and modern changes", a detailed record of the development of all aspects of politics, economy, military, culture and other aspects in ancient times.

1. The authors are different, the "Historical Records" is written by Ma Zhiyuqian, the grandson of the fierce debate Duan Sizao, and the "Qualification Tongjian" is written by Sima Guang 2, the time of the record is different, the former is from the Three Emperors and Five Emperors to the Western Han Dynasty, and the latter is from the Eastern Zhou Dynasty to the Five Dynasties Later Zhou 3, the genre of the record is different, the "Historical Records" is the chronicle, and the "Zizhi Tongjian" is the chronicle.

The purpose of the two is different. The main purpose of "Zi Coaoqing Demolition and Governance of the Poor Ants" is to find lessons that the ruling class can learn from the historical development trajectory, while "Historical Records" is an objective reflection of historical facts and a realistic record of history.