Can anyone explain the capabilities and equipment of cruisers, frigates, etc.?

Before World War II, the main differences between cruisers and destroyers were the caliber of the main guns, armor, and hull structure. At that time, the caliber of the main guns of cruisers was generally between 153 mm and 203 mm, while the caliber of the main guns of destroyers was less than 153 mm. There were two main types of defense systems for cruisers at that time:

The first is to rely on armor for defense, which can withstand the attack of the enemy's main guns of roughly the same tonnage as the ship; The other is to defend against enemy torpedo attacks by dividing several water compartments on the ship. However, for destroyers, due to the performance and size of the ship, not only can they not be equipped with armor, but also cannot set up mediastinal bulkheads and double-layer structures for defense, and their hull structure is only a partial use of high-strength steel to deal with short-range attacks.

After the Second World War, with the development of ship-based ** and shipbuilding technology, it was no longer possible to accurately distinguish between cruisers and destroyers by the caliber of the main gun, armor and hull structure. In the 70s, some countries used to divide by tonnage, that is, destroyers with a displacement of 3000 to 8000 tons, and cruisers with a displacement of more than 8000 tons. However, judging from the current trend of the development of destroyers to large sizes, this method of division is not strict.

Therefore, the two types of ships can only be distinguished according to the tasks they undertake and the ability to adapt to the operational requirements, and it is generally believed that the cruiser not only has the ability to fight in the ocean, but also has the function of commanding the combat in formation, and the equipment on board the ship can undertake many combat missions such as ship-to-ship, anti-air, anti-submarine, and shore-to-shore. Destroyers generally assume offensive forces in ship formations operating in the near, middle and far seas, and at the same time, they can serve as air defense and antisubmarine escort forces in ship formations with aircraft carriers and cruisers as the core, and can also serve as support forces in landing and anti-landing operations.

The main differentiation is in terms of water displacement and functional use.

1. Different tonnage: aircraft carriers can be divided into large aircraft carriers, medium aircraft carriers and small aircraft carriers; Most of the cruisers were in 10,000 tons; The tonnage of the destroyer is more than 1000 tons; The tonnage of the frigate is more than 500 tons.

2. The main tasks are different: aircraft carriers for carrier-based aircraft to take off and land; Cruisers were mainly active in the open ocean; Modern destroyers are equipped with air defense, anti-submarine, sea and other types; The main task of the frigate is to undertake anti-submarine, escort, patrol, alert, reconnaissance and landing support combat missions for the ship formation, as well as to provide take-off and landing of unmanned carrier-based aircraft.

3. The time of origin is different: aircraft carriers appeared in July 1917; Cruisers appeared in the 17th century; Destroyers appeared in the 90s of the 19th century; Corvettes appeared in the 16th century.

4. The nature of the aircraft carrier is different: the nature of the aircraft carrier is a comprehensive and integrated ship; Cruisers are large surface ships; Both destroyers and frigates are medium-sized combat ships.

5. Different countries where they are built: aircraft carriers are mainly built in the United States, the Soviet Union and China; CruisersIn addition to the United States and Russia, Italy and Peru each have one missile cruiser; Destroyers and frigates are being built in the United States and China.

1. Different ways to use bai:

The main task of the cruiser was du

Escort aircraft carriers and battleships, or form a maritime maneuvering formation as a formation flag ship to attack enemy surface ships, submarines, or shore targets. Destroyers are used to attack submarines and surface ships, fleet air defense, as well as escorts, reconnaissance patrols, alert, minelaying, attacks on shore targets, etc.

Frigates are mainly used for anti-submarine and anti-aircraft escort, as well as reconnaissance, alert patrols, minelaying, support land and support for the littoral flank of the army, etc. Aircraft carriers, a country can exert military pressure and conduct operations far from its homeland, without relying on local airfields.

2. The design is different

The cruiser had the largest hull, a relatively slender foredeck and a taller superstructure. The destroyer has a short foredeck and a lower superstructure. The frigate has a smaller hull and a relatively shorter superstructure.

Aircraft carriers usually have huge flight decks and islands, and most of the islands of modern aircraft carriers are located on the starboard side.

3. The displacement is different

The full load displacement of cruisers is about 10,000 tons - 30,000 tons, the full load displacement of destroyers is about 1,000 tons - 12,000 tons, the full load displacement of frigates is about 500 tons - 3,000 tons, and the full load displacement of aircraft carriers is generally more than 30,000 tons.

4. **Equipment is different:

The cruiser is equipped with an integrated surface combat system with phased array radar as the core, mainly missiles and naval guns. Destroyers are mainly based on missiles, torpedoes, naval guns, etc. **. The frigate has naval guns, missiles, underwater ** (torpedoes, mines, depth charges) as the main **.

The main ** of aircraft carriers is carrier-based aircraft.

To put it simply, the old-fashioned method of division is a tonnage consideration.

Now it is mainly divided by function and use.

Previously 2000-4000 tons - cruisers.

More than 4000 tons - destroyers.

More than 10000 tons - cruisers.

Modern modern frigates are equipped with a bit of anti-sea and anti-submarine weapons, and their basic main function is anti-submarine and provide anti-submarine protection for the fleet.

Modern destroyers are equipped with a variety of types of air defense, anti-submarine, and sea defense, and can not only serve as offensive assault missions in naval formations, but also serve as air defense and anti-submarine escort tasks in combat formations, and can also serve as support forces in landing and anti-landing operations, as well as patrol, vigilance, reconnaissance, naval blockade, and maritime rescue tasks.

Modern cruisers In fact, in a broad sense, cruisers no longer exist Take the Ticonderoga-class missile cruisers, built in the 1980s, for example, the Ticonderoga-class missile cruisers, which were built in the 1980s, were originally designed to be destroyers, and their main role was to provide extremely powerful anti-air power. For public relations reasons, these ships were mistakenly named cruisers in order to emphasize the combat capabilities of the Aegis system, while by nature they were still destroyers. However, since the launch of the cruiser Ticonderoga in 1981, the ships of this class have received a series of improvements, which have greatly strengthened their anti-submarine and surface attack capabilities (using cruise missiles).

Like their Soviet counterparts, these Ticonderoga-class missile cruisers could serve as the center of an entire battle group. In other words, modern cruisers can only be very similar to destroyers, except that they also have the function of being a command ship.

But in fact, now there is also an integrated command center on a destroyer like Arleigh Burke, and in tonnage the newest Burke-class ||Type A also exceeded 10,000 tons.

So, in the future, probably, the division between cruisers and destroyers will not be so obvious.

ddg1000

Hello! Traditionally, it is divided:

A cruiser is a large surface combat ship that mainly cruises in the ocean, has strong firepower and is versatile. Cruisers often form the core of the formation of ships at sea with battleships, and are responsible for the tasks of battleship cruisers and escorts. It is a type of ship that developed with the development of battleships and faded with the decline of battleships.

Among the modern sea vessels, the most widely used and most numerous ships are destroyers, which are medium-sized surface ships equipped with a variety of combat capabilities, such as anti-air, anti-sea, and anti-submarine. It has a displacement of between 2000 and 8500 tons and a speed of about 30 to 38 knots. Destroyers can perform combat missions such as air defense, anti-submarine, anti-ship, ground attack, escort, reconnaissance, patrol, vigilance, mine-laying, fire support, and attacking shore targets, and have the title of "all-rounder at sea."

A frigate is a light surface combat ship with missiles, naval guns, depth charges and anti-submarine torpedoes as the main ones. Its main task is to undertake anti-submarine, escort, patrol, alert, reconnaissance, and landing support operations for the ship formation.

Now there is not much difference, the cruiser has been completely replaced by the destroyer. After the last "Ticonderoga-class" Aegis cruiser in the United States in 1994, all the "Burke-class" Aegis destroyers were produced, and the future DDG1000 "Zumwalt-class" destroyers surpassed the cruisers in both displacement and ** number.

ddg1000

There is also a little Japan that sells dog meat on the head of a sheep, turning the "quasi-aircraft carrier" into a *** destroyer.

Hyuga *** destroyer.

There are also corvettes, air defense frigates, etc. For example, the Chinese 056 is a corvette, which is similar to the mission of the American "littoral combat ship"; 054A is an air defense destroyer, which is mainly based on medium-range air defense, taking into account long-range anti-ship. Moreover, European countries are mainly based on "Aegis" frigates, which are very suitable for countries with a small territorial area.

Spanish F100 frigate.

Cruisers are large surface ships second only to battleships in terms of displacement, firepower, armor protection, etc., which can cruise at sea for a long time, and have a high speed with maneuverability as the main characteristic, and cruisers have the ability to deal with multiple combat targets at the same time. Historically, cruisers were originally warships that could act independently, while destroyers, on the other hand, needed the help of other ships, such as supply ships. But in modern times, this distinction has disappeared.

The old cruisers were equipped with large and medium-caliber guns and had a certain strength.

degree of armor, large warships with strong cruising capabilities; It is one of the main types of ships of the Navy. It can perform tasks such as maritime attack and defense, breaking diplomatic relations, escorting, covering landing, shore shelling, air defense, anti-submarine, vigilance, patrol, etc.

Modern cruisers generally have a displacement of 10,000-30,000 tons, and are equipped with various missiles, artillery, torpedoes, etc. Most cruisers can carry ***. The power plant mostly uses steam turbines, and a few use nuclear.

Power plant. With the rise of naval aviation, the status of cruisers declined. In modern warfare, cruisers have practically almost disappeared, and their role has been completely replaced by destroyers.

A frigate is a medium or light ship with small and medium-caliber naval guns, various missiles, and underwater guns as the main ones. It can carry out escort, anti-submarine, air defense, reconnaissance, alert patrol, mine-laying, support landing, and support the army's littoral flank; in modern naval formations, frigates are surface combat ships second only to destroyers in terms of tonnage and firepower, but because of their small tonnage, their self-sustaining power is weaker than that of destroyers, and their ocean-going combat capability is inferior to that of destroyers.

Destroyer is a multi-purpose **, one of the important types of ships in the Navy from the 90s of the 19th century to the present, which is a medium-sized ship with missiles, torpedoes, naval guns, etc. as the main ones, and has a variety of combat capabilities. It is one of the most powerful ships in the navy, used to attack submarines and surface ships, fleet air defense, as well as escort, reconnaissance patrol vigilance, minelaying, attack on shore targets, etc., is the most widely used and largest number of ships in modern navy.

A destroyer is a medium-sized surface ship equipped with a variety of combat capabilities, such as anti-air, anti-sea, and anti-submarine. It has a displacement of between 2,000 and 10,000 tons and a speed of about 30 to 38 knots (one knot, one nautical mile hour, kilometer hour). Destroyers can perform combat missions such as air defense, anti-submarine, anti-ship, ground attack, escort, reconnaissance, patrol, vigilance, mine-laying, fire support, and attacking shore targets, and have the title of "all-rounder at sea."