Interpreting Economics, Translation, Question 100

Discuss the issue of horizontal mergers of market structures as a separate theory. The similarity of the reviews and the differences between this approach and the method of defining the antitrust market in the context of the merger of investigations in practice.

First of all, a brief discussion of the two theoretical models (Gounod and Bertrand) and the conclusions drawn from each were established. Analyze the flaws in the Gounod model (lack of coordination to explain the effects of these can be added in the extended cost by changing the diagram - explain what these can add in by changing your model, ** analyze any other shortcomings you can think of - these are numerous, be sure to explain those you don't include).

How does this connect to our decision on how to test the definition of the market in practice, which will determine the number and, therefore, what has been learned within the scope of the merger survey (in this case, the competitive type)? Is this approach more competitive to the extent that the determinants of the degree of completion include (** and substitution considerations, capacity constraints and or barriers to entry, etc.) or less? In order to think, the considerations are already in the theoretical approach, including which are not, you must join, and finally which (if any) do not and cannot be added inches.

Note: There are no prep answers, and while many points are expected to be highlighted in most articles on this topic, the whole problem is that there are various ideas (many of which may not have been thought of!). This is perfectly acceptable, as long as it is reasonable.

Horizontal mergers are considered as a separate theory on market structure.

Firstly, the two theoretical models of cournot and bertrand are discussed and their respective conclusions are given. Deficiencies in the cournot analysis (lack of information about the interactions of monopolistic competitors, explaining how these interactions are added to the adjusted analysis charts, and not taking into account the cost of the merger, and some of the factors you can take into account).

How do you relate to what you've learned in the How to Determine Market Boundaries and Types of Market Definition exercises?

Is this approach more effective in determining the degree of competition (taking into account supply and demand substitution, capital constraints, and barriers to market entry)? Whether these factors have been incorporated into the theoretical model, if not trying to include them (the last one can be left unattended).

Concentrate; There is no standard answer, but most of the arguments have been highlighted in the ** on the subject, and there are many ideas on these arguments (some of which I may not have thought of) but I can accept them as long as they are reasonable.

The gist of the article is this, the title asks you to discuss the revision of the monopolistic competition model, and you have to see for yourself what you have to say about this model.

3.Marginal returns are increasing.

1.According to the short-term cost curve graph, it can be seen that the average cost is rising at this time, and the marginal cost is also in the rising stage, and it is greater than the average cost.

2.If labour and capital increase by 10 per cent at the same time, output increases by 10 per cent, and output is known to increase by less than 10 per cent.

3.The calculation shows that the marginal return has increased from 23 to 65

The first of the ten principles of economics is that people face trade-offs.

The original sentence of people facing a transactional relationship can be understood as "people face trade-offs". When people form a society, they face a variety of trade-offs. The typical choice is between "cannon and butter", when a society's spending is more on defending the coastline from foreign invasion (artillery), and less on consumer goods (butter) to improve domestic living standards.

Equally important in modern society is the trade-off between a clean environment and a high income level. Recognizing that people face trade-offs doesn't tell us what decisions people will or should make. However, it is important to recognize the trade-offs in life because people can only make good decisions if they understand the choices they face.

How Mankiw's economics worked?

5。Total income depends on elasticity because the demand curve is a "volume" curve. When ** changes, the demand also changes and changes the total income.

The amount of change in this total income depends on how consumers react to the change, which is an accurate definition of measuring resilience.

6。Supply elasticity is a measure of how well supply responds to changes.

7。Supply** elasticity increases over time, because the longer the time, the more likely it is that an output adjustment will occur.

8。Income elasticity is the rate at which the change in demand for goods is caused by the rate of change in consumer income.

1。Total utility is the estimated total amount of satisfaction with the item from the consumption of the item or group.

2。Marginal utility is a good complement to the total utility consumed from one unit.

3。Consumers decide that every dollar of the project is chosen with the highest marginal utility.

4。Individuals are equal in total utility to maximize the marginal utility of consumption in all items, and therefore, the dollar is spending.

5。Utility theories have been criticized on the grounds that tools that cannot be measured, rather than utility-maximizing theories that consume goods entirely, require divisible. Despite these criticisms, utility theory is a useful tool for analyzing consumer behavior.

Increasing) the cost of an additional unit of commodity 1 is (decreasing) the cost of P1 and P2 units of the original commodity 2.

P1 is the ** of commodity Bu J-1, and P2 is the ** of commodity 2.

Here, a unit of commodity 1** is P1, and the addition of the only unit of commodity 1 will cost P1, and P1 P2 is the quantity of commodity 2 purchased by P1. Therefore, if one unit of commodity 1 is added, the quantity of commodity 2 is reduced by p1 p2, which is the "cost of an additional unit of commodity 1".

The additional cost of 1 unit of a product is P1 and P2 units of predicted good 2

Is this about marginal benefits again?