What do Tajik dwellings look like?

The Tajiks are a Europa ethnic group whose language is Tajik, and the Tajik population is relatively small, but it has a long history and culture. "Tajikistan"The original meaning is:"Crown"。The Tajik ethnic group is mainly concentrated in Central Asia, such as Tajikistan and Uzbekistan, and there are also Tajiks in China, which are currently mainly concentrated in Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County, Xinjiang.

Tajiks worship the eagle as a symbol of bravery, justice and loyalty. Even the dance of the Tajiks became"Eagle Dance", the basic movements are completely imitating the movements of an eagle. The characteristic instrument of the Tajik nation is the eagle flute, which is also made from the wing bones of the eagle.

It can be seen that the eagle has a very close relationship with the Tajiks.

Tajik herders have a fixed dwelling in the village, mostly flat-roofed houses built of civil wood or simple low mud houses. The walls of Tajik houses are mostly made of stone and turf, and they are thick and strong. The top of the house is covered with twigs and then plastered with mud mixed with wheat straw.

There are no windows around the perimeter, and the skylight on the roof transmits light and ventilation.

There are no cubicles in the house, and the inside of the house is a clay kang made of earth, on which a beautiful blanket is spread, and it can be used for rest. The door opens to the east, usually near the corner.

The family's men, women and children eat and live in this house. During the summer and autumn grazing season, it is necessary to go up the mountains to graze their cattle, and a small number of herders use simple yurt houses or build mud huts on pastures.

They called the largest dwelling house within the courtyard walls"Sejani"There will also be livestock barns and rudimentary kitchens, and the more affluent families will have guest rooms and storerooms. Due to the heavy wind and snow in the highland area, the interior space is spacious, but it is usually low, and the family rests in various places on the kang at night.

Due to the wind and snow on the plateau, although the interior is relatively spacious, but it is low, and the earthen kang is built around, and the elders, guests and juniors live on the side, and the earthen kang is spread with felt for sitting and lying. The stove is on the opposite side of the gate, and there is a small storage room behind the stove for oil, meat, dried fruit and grain. Herdsmen go up to the mountains in summer to graze their cattle, and live in yurt houses or build mud houses on pastures.

The turf house is a settlement house in the Golden Grass Beach Ranch at the foot of Stone Town (located on the north side of Tashkurgan Tajik Autonomous County, Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region), and it is also a flat-roofed house with a low house to shelter from the wind and snow on the plateau. The base of the wall is made of stones, the wall is stacked with turf, and the outer wall is not plastered with mud, which is thick and warm. Turf is the clods of soil that are dug up on the grass and soil, like irregular adobe.

The roof is erected with tree branches, and the indoor wooden pillars or partition walls are supported, and the skylight is opened to allow light and ventilation. The roof is smeared with mud mixed with wheat straw, and the surrounding area is slightly lower to facilitate running water, and can be used as a sundeck in autumn. <>

The main houses of the Tajiks are square flat-roofed houses, and the four sides of the roof are slightly lower than the middle to facilitate running water, and they are also used as sundecks. The door is small, facing east or south to avoid the northwest wind, and there is a low wall at the entrance, behind which is a place to put your boots. Over the earthen wall, into the main hall, three sides of the connected earthen kang, one side for the stove.

The kang is a solid rectangular earthen platform built against the wall, covered with felt, sheepskin or coarse blanket, and the edge of the earthen platform is inlaid with wood, like the edge of the kang in the north. The stove is more than a meter high, above the middle kang and the left kang, which can be used for both cooking and heating. The stove hall is deep and large, mainly to ensure that there is sufficient oxygen during cooking in the oxygen-deficient areas of the plateau.

The house is separated by two earthen walls on both sides of the stove, and the part behind the stove is where various cooking utensils are placed, which is also a space for women to cook. There are no windows on the four walls of the house, except for a large skylight with a square meter on the roof above the stove, which allows for light and ventilation. Some skylights are as high as half a meter above the roof, inlaid with glass, finely carved and brightly painted.

Ethnic Tajiks live in the main house.

The Tajik people in China are both agricultural and animal husbandry, and are suitable for semi-fixed living methods. In general, there are permanent houses in the villages, and temporary or mobile shelters are provided in the pastures. Every year, after the spring planting, the herd is driven to the mountain pasture, and when the autumn harvest season comes, it returns to the village.

Most of the villages are located in the grasslands washed by the snow of the high mountains, and some are located between two mountains. The agricultural economy of animal husbandry production and extensive planting and thin harvests has led to the fragmentation of villages and the distance between households.

In the past, Tajiks built houses mostly with stone and wood structures, but now they are generally square flat-roofed houses with civil structures. The building area of the house is very large, generally around 400-500 square meters.

The residence consists of a foyer, a main room, a guest room, a storeroom, and is surrounded by a courtyard wall. The livestock barn is located next to the house. During the out-of-grazing season, most herders build simple low-earth houses on the pastures, and a few use yurt houses.

The traditional Tajik family is a patriarchal family. When the father was alive, the sons rarely separated from each other or would be reproached by the local society. Many families have three generations in the same house, and some even have four generations in the same house.

Many families still maintain a large family structure. In the extended family, respect for the elders and love for the young, filial piety to parents, mutual loyalty between husband and wife, and brotherly love are especially advocated. In the family, women can take their own opinions on domestic matters and participate in the negotiation of economic matters and the marriage of their children.

Among the concubines, the wife of the eldest son is revered.

<> Tajiks are a place of large groups, small settlements;

There are quaint buildings that have been preserved;

They also have their own traditional festival – worship.

Tajik architecture has fixed dwellings in the villages, which are generally flat-roofed houses with civil engineering structures. The house is not divided, and there is an earthen platform built around it as a place to sit and sleep. Use a simple low mud house on the pasture. There are no windows on all four walls. The skylight against the roof lets in light and ventilates.

Tajik people can be said to be a more magical race, I have only seen it once before, or the year before last, when I met and was scared I didn't know what to say, what impressed me the most was that their houses were more strange, and the gap between our houses here was still very large, but they were very hospitable.

My sister is a tour guide, and she told me about it. I have met Tajik people, they are very hospitable, affected by the regional environment, **slightly darker. The house is very special, the exterior wall is added with a layer of mud, in order to withstand the wind and rain to keep warm, the house is also relatively low.

They have their own unique festivals, just like the ethnic minorities in our country.

The Tajik ethnic group belongs to the Indo-Mediterranean type of the Europa race, and the national language is Tajik, including the two major dialects of Selkul and Wakhan, and belongs to the Pamir branch of the Iranian language family of the Indo-European language family. Temperament is simple and hospitable.

1. The diet of Tajik herders is mainly milk, meat and pasta, while the peasants are mainly pasta. The Tajiks have a fine tradition of respecting women, and if they go to a certain house together, the host will treat the oldest woman among the guests as the most honorable guest of the town, and invite her to enter the door first, while the others will enter in the order of women before men, older and then younger.

2. In front of the hall of simple and honest customs of the Jike people, and the high social morality, all those who have been to Tashkurgan will be amazed by the fact that the road here is not forgotten, the door is not closed at night, the ethnic harmony and social stability. In today's society, it's truly amazing!

3. Due to religious relations, there are some taboos in the diet of the Tajik people. It is forbidden to eat animals that have not been slaughtered and have died, and it is forbidden to eat the flesh of pigs, horses, donkeys, bears, wolves, foxes, dogs, cats, rabbits, and marmots, as well as the blood of all animals. Don't look at lambs.

Don't take off your hat when talking.

4. They especially cherish grain and salt, and those who step on salt and food with their feet are considered sinners. When you see salt and food falling on the ground, you should pick it up and put it in a high place where it is not easy to be stepped on.

5. They are particularly fond of livestock, and it is forbidden to kick or beat sheep, cattle and other livestock with kicks or sticks, and they are not allowed to ride horses through the sheep or close to the sheepfold, and it is taboo for sheep to go when lambing. Every week.

3. Don't ** livestock on Sundays, and don't pay off other people's debts on these two days, so they don't go to collect debts on these two days, and others don't come to buy livestock or pay debts.

6. If you ride a horse to a Tajik house as a guest, you can't get off the horse at the door, and it is even more taboo to get off the horse at the door, which means that there is any other unlucky news. You should walk slowly around the back of the yurt and dismount.

Breakfast, lunch and dinner daily. Farmers generally drink milk tea made from cow, goat's milk and brick tea in the morning, and eat a little naan; At noon, eat a paste cooked with cornmeal and barley flour, or eat noodles with sliced meat; Dinner is a main meal, which is more hearty, mostly meat, pilaf, grabbing meat, sweet batter, etc. The herdsmen's breakfast is usually milk tea, lunch is yogurt and naan, and dinner is more varied.

The Tajik diet has few varieties, and most of them are inseparable from dairy products such as cow, goat's milk, and ghee, mainly including milk porridge (Sierbulinzi), milk noodles (Sirtaliti), milk batter (Bramak), ghee batter (Hax), ghee milk paste (Zaren), ghee milk paste (Zaren), and ghee barley naan.

There are few non-staple foods, and I am not used to eating vegetables. In some villages at higher altitudes, there are no fruits to eat. Tea consumption is huge, with black and green tea as the main ones.

Due to the development of horticulture, farmers in the agricultural areas of Zepu and other places can often eat melons, watermelons, grapes, peaches, apricots and other melons and fruits in summer and autumn, and often have a variety of dried fruits in winter.

In addition to the religious festivals of the Tajik people, such as Eid al-Adha, Rouzi and Bharati, the traditional festivals of the Tajik ethnic group include the Xiaogong Bahar Festival (Spring Festival), the Tiehem Zuzhatis Festival (the Sowing Festival) and the Zuur Festival (the Water Diversion Festival). Every holiday is celebrated in a corresponding way.

The Tajiks live in Tashkurgan Taji Autonomous County in Xinjiang, located in the eastern part of the Pamir Plateau, the roof of the world. Tajiks profess Islam. The Tajik language belongs to the Iranian language family.

For a long time, the Tajiks took advantage of the natural conditions of abundant pasture and water in the Pamirs, mainly engaged in animal husbandry and agriculture, and lived a semi-nomadic and semi-settled life. The clothing, food, and housing of the Tajik people are adapted to the characteristics of the alpine region. They mainly herd sheep, goats, yaks, cattle, horses, donkeys and camels, and also grow barley, spring wheat, peas, etc.

Adult Tajik men generally wear black suede round paper hats, embroidered and spun, made of black lambskin, usually turned out of a circle of raw edges, and pulled down when cold. Women wear embroidered cotton hats with a curtain behind them that cover the back of their heads and ears.

In terms of diet, the Tajiks usually eat mainly milk, meat and pasta, rarely eat vegetables, and do not eat pigs, dogs, donkeys, horses, and any animals that have died without slaughter. Tajik dwellings are generally low, flat-roofed houses of the same color and civil structure. They are very courteous, have old legends, and love eagles.

The herders are good at singing and dancing, and their instruments include the piccolo "Nayi" made of eagle bones, the tambourine, and the six-stringed harp. During the festival, he likes to play "Diao Sheep" and polo.