What are the eight biomes, and the concept of biomes

1.The concept of biomes.

A biome is a collection of animals, plants, or microorganisms living together in a certain space. Many species within a community are grouped together and interact with each other, each with its own unique composition, structure, and function. A forest, a grassland, or a desert can all be seen as a community.

The various organisms in the community influence and interact with each other, have a certain morphological structure and nutritional structure, and perform certain functions. The living part of an ecosystem is the biological community, which can be either a specific community structure and function that we observe and study, or a general term that refers to all biological aggregates.

2.Characteristics of the biome.

Biomes have the following basic characteristics:

1) It has a certain species composition. Each community is made up of a certain population of plants, animals, or microorganisms. Species composition is the primary characteristic that distinguishes different communities. The number of species in a community and the number of individuals in each species are the basis for measuring community diversity.

2) There are interactions between different species. A biome is a collection of different species of organisms. The formation and development of a community must be through the adaptation of organisms to the environment and the mutual adaptation of biological populations.

There are two conditions for the assemblage of species in a community: first, they must jointly adapt to the inorganic environment in which they live; Second, the internal relations must be coordinated and balanced.

3) It has the function of forming a community environment. Biomes have a significant impact on the environment in which they live and form the biome environment. The modification of light, temperature, humidity and soil by the biome makes the forest and grassland environment very different from the surrounding bare land.

Even if the organisms are scattered in very sparsely dispersed desert communities, there is a significant modification effect on environmental conditions such as soil.

4) Have a certain appearance and structure. A biome is a structural unit of an ecosystem, and its species composition gives it its appearance and a series of structural characteristics, including morphological structure, ecological structure and trophic structure. For example, the composition of life forms, the number of levels, the phases of the seasons, the relationship between predators and eaters, usually this relationship is loose.

5) It has certain dynamic characteristics. The biome is the part of the living system that has life, and the characteristic of life is that it is constantly moving, and the same is true of the community. Its movement forms include seasonal dynamics, interannual dynamics, succession and evolution.

6) A certain range of distribution. Vegetation communities are distributed in specific areas or specific habitats, and different communities have different habitats and distribution ranges, but they are all distributed according to certain rules.

7) Boundary characteristics of the community. Under natural conditions, some communities have distinct boundaries that can be clearly distinguished; Others, on the other hand, do not have clear boundaries and are in a state of continuous change. There are transition zones between different communities, which are called community staggering zones, and lead to obvious edge effects.

Biomes include producers, consumers, and decomposers.

Data Extension:

Segment Extinction Community: A collection of various populations of organisms that congregate in the same area or environment at the same time. Although it is composed of various biological organisms such as plants, animals, and microorganisms, it is still a combination with certain components and relatively consistent appearance.

Different populations in a community are not scattered in a haphazard manner, but live together in an orderly and coordinated manner. The basic characteristics of a biological community include the diversity of species in the community, the growth form of the community (such as forests, shrubs, grasslands, swamps, etc.) and the structure (spatial structure, temporal combination, and species structure).

Dominant species (species in the community that play a decisive role in the characteristics of the community due to their size, large number or strong activity), relative abundance, trophic structure, etc.

Biomes are not the same as ecosystems. The latter includes not only the biome but also the abiotic environment in which the community is located, as a whole linked by matter, energy and information. Therefore, the biome is only equivalent to the biological part of the ecosystem.

The vegetative relationship, which arises when one species feeds on another, whether living or its dead remains, or the product of their vital activity. It is also divided into direct nutritional relationship and indirect nutritional relationship.

Bees that collect nectar, dung worms that eat animal feces, and the relationship between these animals and the species of organisms that feed them is a direct nutritional relationship; When two species compete for the same food, they have an indirect nutritional relationship. This is because the activity of one species affects the feeding of another.

Ecosystem refers to an ecological functional unit that interacts and interdepends with each other, between living things, between living things and between living things (such as temperature, humidity, soil, various organic matter and inorganic matter) through continuous material circulation and energy flow within a certain range of time and space.

No biome exists in isolation, it is closely related to and interacts with the environment. Climate and soil determine the type of vegetation community in an area, and communities also have a significant impact on climate and soil. The energy and matter of the abiotic environment support the life function of the biome, so that the energy and matter flow through the subsystem of the biome and eventually return to the environment.

This complementary relationship between the biome and the abiotic environment, as well as the phenomenon of energy flow and material circulation between organisms, is a typical ecosystem behavior.

There are countless ecosystems on Earth. From an entire ocean, an entire continent, to a forest or a meadow, it can be seen as an ecosystem. Ecosystems in nature are all open and have an exchange of matter and energy with the outside world.

Ecosystems have the following common characteristics: An ecosystem is a structural and functional unit; It has the ability of self-regulation, self-organization and self-renewal internally; It has three major functions: energy flow, material circulation and information delivery; Limited number of trophic levels; is a dynamic system.

The three major groups of biomes are:

The first group is autotrophic organisms, including various green plants and chemosynthetic bacteria, called producers.

The second group is heterotrophic organisms, including herbivores and carnivores, called consumers.

The third group is heterotrophic microorganisms, such as bacteria, fungi, soil protozoa and some small invertebrates, which live by decomposing animal and plant residues, called decomposers.