What is exoclusion, what is endoclusion and exotropia

Exotropia is the tendency of the eye position to deviate outward, and the symptoms of exogenous heterophoria more than 5 appear, but it also depends on the patient's fusion function, such as some people see near although there are 10 heterosides, due to the good convergence of convergence, they can be asymptomatic, on the contrary, some people see near exotropia 4, which is a normal range, but the fusion of the convergence is poor, but visual fatigue occurs.

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Exotropia is a tendency to deviate outward in the eye position, and symptoms appear if the exogenous heterophoria is more than 5, but it also depends on the patient's fusion function on the first burn, such as someone who sees near although there are 10 heterogin, because the fusion convergence is good, it can be asymptomatic, on the contrary, some people see the near exotropia 4, which is in the normal range, but the fusion divergence is poor, but visual fatigue occurs.

The main symptoms of the disease are those who work in close proximity and report symptoms such as forehead pain, sore eyes, reading that cannot last, blurred vision, serial, overlapping, double vision, etc., and must close their eyes and rest for a while before continuing to read, but soon the above symptoms appear again, and severe cases can not continue to study and work.

Intraocess, as opposed to exophoria, is a tendency of the eye position to deviate inward, and patients with more than 9 eyes will have symptoms of internal heterophoria.

Question 1: What is internal and external heterophoria Heterophoria refers to the tendency of the eyes to deviate, but it can refer to the high recluse that is controlled by the fusion function of the brain and can still maintain binocular monovision. The further development of the hidden slope will form the obvious oblique.

Implicit strabism refers to a tendency of the binocular visual axis to deviate medially, and the fusion can lead to binocular orthoplasia and binocular monovision. When muscle fatigue occurs, diplopia occurs, and there are also symptoms such as eye fatigue and discomfort, as well as headache, dizziness, nausea, insomnia, photophobia, neurasthenia, etc., which are generally referred to as muscular eye fatigue. When one eye is covered and one eye is used to see, the above symptoms disappear completely, which is different from regulating fatigue.

Exotropia refers to a tendency of the binocular axis of vision to shift outward, but normal eye position and binocular monovision can be maintained by **.

Concealment can be trained to strengthen the visual function of the eyes, train the fusion range, etc.

Question 2: What does the degree of exophosis mean is the vision of harmony, corrected to that is, the same vision because of the different factors such as human physique, eye environment and so on, the corrected degree is not the same, and it can only be determined after a special examination.

Question 3: What symbols are used to represent the internal and external exo

Question 4: What does the esotropia mean Inward deviation is a tendency to deviate inwards in the eye position, which can be controlled by corrective fusion reflex at ordinary times, without oblique position, and can maintain binocular monovision. Symptoms may occur if the internal oblique is more than 9, but it depends on the patient's fusion function.

Question 5: What is the difference between exotropia and internal heterogeneity detected by electronic vision monitor? The visual axis of both eyes has a tendency to deviate to the outside, which is corrected by the image fusion function, and the monovision of both eyes is still maintained, which is called external heteropia.

The visual axis of both eyes has a tendency to deviate to the outside, which is corrected by the image fusion function, and the monovision of both eyes is still maintained, which is called external heteropia.

Shandong Presen electronic vision detector manufacturer found that the occurrence of conscious symptoms is due to the continuous use of the medial rectus muscle and its synergistic muscle, which makes the neuromuscular reserve of the hall in a state of excessive tension, and finally forms muscle fatigue. After reading books for a long time, the handwriting becomes blurred. In order to read the handwriting, I had to close my eyes for a moment before reading.

Diplopia is occasionally present in near sight, and this symptom is rarely seen in patients with esotropia. Pain behind the eyeball, headache, and carbuncle are mostly confined to the forehead, so patients are reluctant to do close-up work.

Question 6: The diagnosis of both eyes is exotropia, should this exotropia be **, what is good You belong to strabismus, it is best to go to the ophthalmology department of the local hospital for examination first. There are many ways to strabismus, such as wearing an eye patch to cover the method, wearing glasses to correct it, or eye axis correction training, and then surgery can also be used, so the specific method of hail needs to be selected according to the specific situation.

Hyposis is a condition in which both eyes have only a tendency to deviate, but the brain can control the orthopaedic position and maintain binocular monovision as a potential ocular deviation. Also known as occult strabismus and heterophoric strabismus.

Methods for measuring heterogeneous skew:

1. Slippery Sun Cover - Mask Removal Test.

The monocular occlusion-unocclusion test can detect deviation controlled by the fusion mechanism when the eyes are open.

2. Triangular prism plus masking method.

This method is an objective quantitative examination. First, the direction of the eye deviation is detected by the alternate occlusion method, if it is an internal oblivion, a triangular prism with the bottom facing outward is placed in front of the eyes of the covered eye, and if it is an external oblivion, the bottom of the triangular prism is placed inward, and the bottom of the upper oblique is placed downward.

If the occluded eye still rotates when the occlusion is removed, increase the power of the prism until the eye stops turning. The power of the prism used is the degree of oblivion. If there is vertical or horizontal deviation at the same time, the horizontal position should be corrected first, and then the vertical position will be corrected.

3. Maddox rod method.

This method is a qualitative test. It is to make the two eyes look different in shape to eliminate fusion.

Surgery** is a surgical method to adjust the strength of the external eye muscle and the position of the attachment point to normalize the eye position. Congenital esotropia and epitropia usually require surgery**, and non-accommodative and oblique strabismus usually needs to be corrected by surgery.

Non-surgical**: Not all strabismus requires surgery**, and in the case of accommodative esotropia, it can be corrected with appropriate hyperopia glasses or bifocals. If there is also a refractive abnormality of medium to high intensity, it is often necessary to wear glasses to correct it.

Common manifestations of strabismus are:

First, it affects the appearance, and normal human eyes are staring at the same target when they see things. Strabismus patients have one eye staring at the target, and the other eye is off the target, which is very unnatural and will also affect the patient's heart. Therefore, the first obvious harm is the appearance, which affects the patient's psyche.

Second, stereoscopic vision is the ability to judge objects far, near or deep and shallow, just like closing one eye up and down the stairs will feel a deep foot, shallow foot is unstable, although the strabismus patient is looking at things with both eyes at the same time, but the target of seeing is different, going up and down the stairs will appear the same feeling as a normal person closing one eye, which is easy to cause physical injury.

Therefore, if the child's eyes are squinted, then it must be paid attention to.

And how the child's eye strabismus is specific, then it depends on the type of strabismus, and the type of strabismus is different, so the method is also different.

Depending on the type of strabismus, it can generally be divided into surgical and non-surgical methods.

1) The surgical method is to adjust the strength of the external eye muscle and the position of the attachment point by surgical means, so that the eye position tends to be normal.

Congenital esotropia (cross-eyed) and upper and lower strabismus usually require surgery**, and non-accommodative and oblique strabismus usually need to be corrected by surgery.

2) Non-surgical method: Not all strabismus requires surgery**, if it is accommodative esotropia, it can be corrected as long as appropriate farsighted glasses or bifocals are worn. If there is also a refractive abnormality of medium to high intensity, it is often necessary to wear glasses to correct it, and axial correction training can be used to help restore monovision and increase the fusion ability of both eyes.

If amblyopia is also present, amblyopia training is also indispensable**.

Strabismus caused by refractive error is recommended to take medication in time to correct the refractive error. It is recommended to take two sachets of Leyan Vision Nutrients every day, and if you insist on taking it for a period of time, the refractive error will gradually be corrected, and the strabismus will gradually improve or even recover.

Once there is a problem with the eyes, not only will our life be hindered, but even our daily reading will become a luxury. Experts say that esotropia is a serious eye disease that endangers patients, and if we want to prevent it, we need to find a way according to it. So, what are the causes of occult deviation?

1. Congenital anomalies such as congenital extraocular muscle paralysis or loss.

2. Orbital or head trauma, such as traumatic orbital wall fracture, causes extraocular muscle incarceration and restricts its activities; Intracranial hemorrhage, basilar skull fracture that injures the nerves innervating the extraocular muscles.

3. Intraorbital, intracranial and nasopharyngeal tumors, which can directly compress or infiltrate the nerves innervating the extraocular muscles or the extraocular muscles themselves.

4. Intraorbital and intracranial inflammation such as orbital cellulitis and encephalitis.

5. Vascular disease: Acute hemorrhage in the orbit or intracranial area, thrombosis compressing the nerves innervating the extraocular muscles or the lesions of the extraocular muscles themselves.

6. Myogenic diseases such as myasthenia gravis, extraocular myositis, thyroid-related eye diseases.

7. Metabolic diseases such as diabetes mellitus can cause oculomotor nerve or abducens nerve palsy.

8. Acute poisoning caused by diphtheria, tetanus antitoxin and carbon monoxide blindness.

9. Mental factors are seen in hysteria or visual fatigue caused by long-term fine work and delayed air.

Only by understanding the causes of the disease can we carry out the disease prevention in an orderly manner. The above content is an introduction to the causes of necesis and hope to help you clearly understand this disease. Experts suggest that when suffering from this disease, we should not be too irritable and patiently follow the doctor's guidance, which is the effective way to get rid of the disease.

Experienced doctors will use a cover-up test to see if there is heteroptropia. Method: Cover one eye and carefully observe the direction of movement of the other eye, i.e., the direction of movement of the uncovered eyeball.

For example, the patient's right eye is covered and the left eye is still fixed on the target in front of it. Open the patient's right eye, if the left eye is still immobile and the right eye moves, depending on the direction of movement, it can be determined whether the patient has an internal or external oblivion. If the right eye moves from the inside out, it means that it has internal strabismus; Movement from the outside to the inside indicates that the external heterogeneity is affected.

Exophoria is the tendency of the eye position to deviate outward, usually can be controlled by corrective fusion reflex, so that there is no deviation and can maintain binocular monovision, general exophoria such as more than 5 can appear symptoms, but it also depends on the patient's fusion function, such as someone looks near although there are 10 heterophoria, due to the fusion of good convergence, can be asymptomatic, on the contrary, some people see near exophoria 4, is a normal range, but the fusion of convergence is poor, but visual fatigue.

**Measure. 1.Correction of refractive error Adolescents in cycloplegia after refraction, if myopia should be completely corrected to strengthen the adjustment, it has a good effect on eliminating exophobia, such as myopic astigmatism, hyperopic astigmatism, mixed astigmatism should be corrected, in order to improve vision and increase the function of fusion divergence, it is also helpful for ** exophobia. 2.

Prism base outward and the same vision machine training mainly increases the fusion of the radiation, and has little effect on severe stools. You can also use a pencil to do proximity training, that is, the tip of the pen from the distance to the appearance of diplopia and then return to the original place to repeat the training, the above training if persistent for ** external heteriotropia is also helpful. 3.

Prism with truncated inward bottom Wearing a bottomed inward prism does not strengthen the muscles, but it is effective in relieving visual fatigue. Parks (1975) particularly appreciated this method, in which the prescription of lenses is limited to the minimum degree that can eliminate symptoms, corrects the exogenous heterogeneity of 1 4 2 3, and places the prism in one or both eyes, respectively, with the bottom of the prism inward** visual fatigue, which can reduce the symptoms, but may also make the fusion divergence worse and the symptoms reappear. 4.

Surgery to strengthen the medial rectus muscle, one or both eyes of the rectus muscle enhancement, the internal rectus muscle is roughly corrected 3 5 per 1mm shortening, the fluctuation range is about 2, the operation must be cautious, to see the distance when the degree of external heterosis is also a large indication, such as the distance of the eye position is normal, or there is a small amount of external heterogeneity, and the degree of distal recess is large, the following two situations may occur after surgery: Although the postoperative symptoms are relieved or disappear, the external hemorrhage and symptoms can be **. After surgery, the symptoms of near vision disappear, and reading can be persistent, but ipsilateral diplopia occurs when seeing far.

Hermann (1981) performed amputation of the medial rectus muscle in both eyes for 14 patients with insufficient divergence, and recommended the use of a press-and-attach prism to relieve diplopia from the bottom outward.