Who is the author of Warring States Policy ?

"Warring States Policy" is a country-specific historiography, also known as "National Policy". The Western Zhou Dynasty is recorded.

Eastern Zhou and the affairs of Qin, Qi, Chu, Zhao, Wei, Han, Yan, Song, Wei, and Zhongshan. The chronicle begins in the early years of the Warring States period and ends with the destruction of the Six Kingdoms by Qin, with a history of about 240 years. "Warring States Policy".

The book also shows the Warring States period of the Eastern Zhou Dynasty.

The historical characteristics and social features are important classics for the study of the history of the Warring States period. The ideological tendency of the book "Warring States Policy" has been denounced by scholars throughout the ages because it contradicts Confucian orthodoxy.

"Warring States Policy" was once denounced as "heresy" and "book of deviance". "Warring States Policy" is basically a family of its own. His moral philosophy is mostly Taoist.

The social and political outlook is close to Legalism, and it is incompatible with Confucianism, so it has been criticized by later scholars[1]. ”

The author is not alone, the book is not written for a while, and most of the authors of the Chinese chapter of the book do not know who they are. Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty compiled thirty-three articles, and the title of the book was also drafted by Liu Xiang. The Song Dynasty has been missing, by Zeng Gong.

Supplements have been made. There is a high temptation of the Eastern Han Dynasty, and it is now incomplete. Song Baobiao changed the order of the original book and made new notes. Wu Shidao wrote "Warring States Policy Proofreading", modern Jin Zhengwei has "Warring States Policy Supplement", and today's Miao Wenyuan has "Warring States Policy New Proofreading".

Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty. "Warring States Policy", also known as "National Policy", is a national history book compiled by Liu Xiang of the Western Han Dynasty, the original author is unknown, and it is generally believed that it is not the work of one person. Most of the materials are dated to the Warring States period, including the writings of the strategists and the records of historical sources.

The original title of the book is unknown, and the author of the Chinese chapter of the book is unknown, and the inference of the book is not temporary.

Liu Xiang (77 B.C., 6 B.C.), formerly known as Liu Gengsheng, was a native of Fengyi, Peijun (now Xuzhou City, Jiangsu Province). He was ordered to lead the secretary of the school, and wrote "Beilu", which is the earliest public catalogue of books in China. Today, there are "New Preface", "Shuo Yuan", "Biography of the Daughters", "Warring States Policy" and "Five Classics".

Historical featuresStrictly speaking, there are two kinds of "scholars" in the "Warring States Policy", one is the aristocracy, especially the nobles who are officials, because the nobles themselves have a high level of knowledge, and they need to make a living after losing their fiefs or the original special treatment. However, the means of making a living are limited in perennial pampering, and knowledge has become their most valuable capital.

The author of the Warring States Policy is Liu Xiang.

Liu Xiang, whose name is Zizheng, formerly known as Gengsheng, is known as Liu Zhonglei, lives in Chang'an, and is from Pengcheng, Chu State (now Xuzhou, Jiangsu). He was born in the fourth year of Emperor Yuanfeng of the Han Dynasty (77 years ago) and died in the first year of the Jianping Emperor of the Han Dynasty (6 years ago). A descendant of Liu Bang's half-brother Liu Jiao, the father of Liu Xin.

His prose is mainly the "narrative" of Qin Shu and Xiaoyun ancient books, the more famous ones are "Counseling Changling Shu" and "Narrative of Warring States Policy", the narrative is simple, the theory is smooth, soothing and easy is its main feature.

Liu Xiang was the fourth grandson of Liu Jiao, the king of Chu Yuan. When Emperor Xuan of the Han Dynasty, he was a doctor. During the time of Emperor Yuan of the Han Dynasty, Ren Zongzheng. In order to oppose the eunuchs Honggong and Shi Xian to prison, Xuan was released. Later, he was imprisoned for opposing Gong and Xian, so as not to be a concubine.

After Emperor Cheng of the Han Dynasty ascended the throne, Qing Fu was used, appointed as a doctor of Guanglu, renamed "Xiang", and became a lieutenant of the middle base. He was ordered to lead the secretary of the school, and wrote "Beilu", which is the earliest public catalogue of books in China. Three articles, most of which are dead.

Today, there are books such as "New Preface", "Shuo Yuan", "The Biography of the Daughters", "Warring States Policy", "The Biography of the Immortals", and his work "Five Classics and General Meanings" has a compilation of Ma Guohan of the Qing Dynasty. "Chu Ci" was compiled by Liu Xiang, and "The Classic of Mountains and Seas" was compiled by him and his son Liu Xin.