Do black holes really exist? How did scientists verify this?

In order to photograph black holes, more than 200 scientists from all over the world formed a team to form 8 sets of precious millimeter telescope arrays around the world, forming telescopes with similar diameters to the Earth. After scientists have gathered information about black holes, it will take nearly two years to get this one**. I've seen this one**.

But when I learned that everyone had seen this one, I was very excited and happier than when I saw it. It's like having friends, and everyone recognizes your friends.

What is a black hole? Frequently asked. Do black holes really exist?

Why do we study black holes? These are the three topics I want to share with you today. Speaking of black holes, the famous scientist - Albert Einstein should be mentioned.

Don't just believe Einstein's later years in textbooks**. When he was young, he was quite handsome and did not lose his Hollywood star, but what was even more handsome was the intelligent brain. What does Schwarzssilter, a German physicist who served at one station, come up with the first correct solution of Einstein's equations?

As the celestial body decays with a critical radius, the matter will continue to collapse to the central singularity. This critical radius is the visual radius of the event, and the gravity in the field of view is strong, and the light cannot escape. A black hole is an extremely curved singularity of space-time, infinitely small, infinitely tight, but it is surrounded by a circle of regions that not even light can escape.

This is known as the event horizon. This region is large in size according to the mass of the black hole, about 44 million kilometers in diameter, just like the black hole at the center of our galaxy.

Some people say, why do you say that it is a black hole, can't you identify the celestial body? That's what we're going to talk about today. If it's a black hole, once the stars fall, we move quietly through that world and go where we can never see again.

If it is another celestial body, it must have a hard surface. When stars collide, they shatter with a thud, and the light radiation and heat emitted do not diffuse for months, or even years. To confirm whether these dense supermassive objects are black holes, we just need to observe whether the stars release light and heat for long periods of time when they hit.

According to astrophysicist Pavan Kumar at the University of Texas at Austin, we have finally found experimental ways to verify the existence of black holes. It is in the universe to look for such collision events. Using the telescope of the Hawaii Panstar Project, the researchers combined the probability of a star falling into a black hole and the number and density of black holes in the nearby universe, and through computer models, found at least 10 such collision events in the telescope's three-and-a-half-year sun-kissing data.

Black holes do exist. So far, scientists have only indirectly proved the existence of black holes through astronomical observations, which cannot be regarded as conclusive evidence. Black holes must be created in the laboratory for conclusive evidence that black holes must actually exist.

However, there have been experimental events that have long proven the existence of black holes, but scientists have turned a blind eye to them, thus missing out on the most significant discovery in particle physics ever made.

Black holes do exist, and scientists have used ultrasound to prove that perhaps they are too far away from us to be generally imperceptible.

Black holes are real. Scientists used 8 sets of precious millimeter telescopes to make an array to photograph the black hole.

In fact, scientists will find a place in the universe where there is nothingness, and there is a high probability that there is a black hole next to it.

Theoretically, black holes cannot be directly "seen".

The most important feature of a black hole compared to other compact stars is that its Schwarzschild radius (event range radius) is larger than the surface radius, since no radiation (including light) can radiate from the black hole's event horizon radius.

Although black holes cannot be directly observed, their existence and mass can be known indirectly, and their effects on other things can be observed. Information about the existence of a black hole can be obtained by using the "edge information" of the rays emitted by the high heat before the object is sucked in. The existence of black holes can also be inferred by indirect observation of the orbit of stars or interstellar clouds.

1. Exploration through a powerful X-ray source in the black hole region. Although the black hole itself cannot emit any light, its huge gravitational pull on surrounding objects and celestial bodies still exists. When the surrounding material is attracted by its strong gravitational pull and gradually falls towards the black hole, powerful X-rays are emitted, forming an X-ray source in the sky.

2 For example, a planet 100 million light-years away from the Earth emits light that we observe, and these rays are emitted by the star 100 million years ago to propagate to the Earth.

The most important feature of a black hole compared to other compact stars is that its Schwarzschild radius (event horizon radius) is larger than the surface radius, and since no radiation can radiate from the black hole's event horizon radius, the black hole cannot theoretically be "seen" directly.

Similarly, the gravitational pull of a black hole can affect the motion of surrounding celestial bodies much larger than the black hole's event horizon radius. Therefore, astronomically the properties of black holes (e.g., mass, spin) can be inferred by observing the kinematics of objects near black holes and substances in accretion disks. From this point of view, black holes can be observed indirectly.

A black hole is known as "black" and invisible as soon as the name is named.

And the reason why people discovered it is because black holes have a strong gravitational pull. Gravity shapes everything around him. Stars revolve around it at a very fast speed.

By observing the star, people found a point around the star, which has a strong gravitational attraction, and scientists have calculated its mass. The calculated mass is several times greater than the mass of a giant star.

So the scientist immediately used a telescope to look at that point and thought that a new object had been discovered, but there was nothing there. Einstein's theory states that gravity is actually a manifestation of matter bending space-time, and that the points around which the stars orbit seem to poke a hole in the surface of space-time. Since the hole appears to be black, the term black hole was coined.

In the middle of some special galaxies, there are powerful light sources emitting rays, which is very obvious. Scientists are very interested in it. Because it is at the heart of galaxies, scientists have already learned that galaxies are closely related to black holes.

The idea that the light source is a black hole has emerged, and this idea has been accepted by us.

Note, however, that this phenomenon only occurs when the black hole is "eating". When a black hole devours matter, a lot of matter surrounds him, rubbing against him, producing light and heat. The magnetic force of the black hole throws them out, and the magnetic field is like a baseball hitter, striking radiation at our distant home planet.

However, it also proves that black holes are not completely black.

This is how scientists observe black holes.

Black holes release high-energy particles as well as microwaves as they devour other objects.

1. By observing strong X-rays, it means that there is a black hole.

2. If this object is 100 million light-years away from us, we are observing an object from 100 million years ago.

Black holes cannot be directly observed, but we can observe the surroundings of a black hole, and the matter around it is covered by black holes.

version attracts and leaves a trajectory of movement towards the black power hole.

The light was emitted hundreds of millions of years ago, and what we see is not the current state, but the planet hundreds of millions of years ago, and it is difficult to estimate what it looks like now, maybe it has disappeared, maybe.

We can't see black holes, but we can observe weird astronomical phenomena attached to black holes. Suppose, dao you see a lot of astral genera.

If they orbit around an open area and the center of rotation is invisible, then it can be assumed that the stars are attracted to the black hole and revolve around it.

The distant things we observe with telescopes are just "images" left by celestial bodies, and think that hundreds of millions of light-years, the celestial bodies themselves are long gone, and may have been destroyed.

Relies on pulsed rays to copy and bend rays.

Although a black hole can suck all the light in, it will only be sucked in if it is close to the black hole. If the DAO is far enough away but can be affected by the black hole, the light will bend. Celestial bodies are moving in the air, and scientists rely on the light emitted by the stars in the background and the bending of the light produced by the black hole as it moves.

The second problem is easy to explain, although it is 100 million light-years, the light emitted by the stars that the Earth sees today was emitted by it 100 million years ago.

For example, the sunlight you see is not real-time, and it takes nearly 9 minutes to reach the earth.

Black holes do come.

It cannot be observed, but the phenomena generated by the gravitational pull of black holes can be observed by scientists: (1) binary accretion, that is, the accretion of black holes to surrounding stars. (2) The gravitational pull of a black hole is close to infinity, and the light of a star is bent very strongly, and the gravitational lens produced allows us to see the whole picture of the star, even if we can never see the back of the star without the help of the black hole.

3) Black hole accretional material produces very powerful X-ray bursts. It is through these phenomena that our scientists can calculate and infer whether it is a black hole or not.

The second problem is that when we detect a planet hundreds of millions of light-years away from the earth, it is passive detection, that is to say, the light or other information of the planet has traveled hundreds of millions of years to our earth and is observed by us, but the information of the planet we observe is the condition of the planet hundreds of millions of years ago rather than the current state of the planet. Scientists determine whether it still exists by estimating its natural lifespan by observing information from hundreds of millions of years ago.

Uses the pulses emitted by a black hole.

Professional explanations can be easily found on the Internet.,Copy and paste it's boring.,And the content is too long.,It's estimated that no one likes to read it.,So here's a simple summary in an easy-to-understand way.。

1. The black hole itself cannot be observed, and what people observe is the [black hole horizon], that is, the edge of the black hole. The gravitational range of a black hole is limited, and the light that enters the range will be swallowed, and the light outside the range can still be reflected normally, and with the reflection of light, people can naturally observe it, so the position of the black hole can be determined.

2. The planets we observe are the light reflected by the planets that observe the billions of light-years, rather than projecting our eyes on billions of light-years away, and our eyes receive light, not emit light; Instead of projecting our gaze into the distance, it is the light from afar that is projected into our eyes. Therefore, it is not that our sight is going to go for 100 million years, but that the light that has been walking for 100 million years has entered our sight. I don't know how many 100 million years have passed since the formation of the universe, and light has been walking since the beginning, so it happens that light that has been walking for 100 million years has entered people's vision, isn't it a normal thing?