How does the anchor work when the ship is moored?

If the boat moves with the wind, it is a horizontal movement, and the anchor tip grabs the ground when it bends sideways, and when the anchor is lifted vertically, the anchor tip becomes sideways and upward, and it is out of the ground.

The main function of the anchor is to fix and stabilize the ship. From the following aspects.

1. For the anchor to work, the most basic condition is to hook something on the seabed.

If the anchor chain is not long enough, the anchor will not work.

If the bottom of the sea is flat, or the anchor hook is not fixed, or the hook is not very firm, if the wind and waves are calm, it is okay, but the waves are too big, causing the anchor to hook things, which will make the anchor lose its role, this is called "anchoring", the ship during the anchorage, there is an anchor, it is very dangerous, because the ship is generally stopped when the anchor, if the boat is immediately opened, it takes time, and it is very dangerous for the ship to drift around without power. Therefore, there is the concept of anchorage, anchorage, in other words, the bottom of the sea is rougher, in addition, it must be able to shelter from the wind.

2. The weight of the anchor chain is negligible for the ship, and the friction will not play a big role.

Also, if you pay attention to that, generally speaking, the anchor chain of the ship at anchor is straight, do you think there will be any friction in the anchor chain at this time?

If you are at the beach, you will find a lot of small fishing boats, and their anchor chains are thick ropes.

3. From the top of the ship, the anchor chain is straight, but underwater.

One section is nearly parallel to the seabed (actually close to the bottom of the sea).

The anchor provides the grip, which is then transmitted to the vessel via the anchor chain.

In this way, it resists the influence of external loads of currents, wind and waves on positioning.

The reason why there is a section is attached to the bottom of the sea.

It is necessary to take into account the influence of force.

Think about it, an anchor, the anchor chain is straight and straight, and it is easy to walk the anchor.

And there is a section that sticks to the seabed and can provide a margin.

Yes, within a certain range.

The weight of the anchor is not large, but there are regulations on how big the anchor is for what kind of ship.

This is due to the factor of the grip that the anchor can generate as well as its own inertial force.

Anchor chain friction also plays a role.

Generally speaking, if you encounter strong winds and waves in the deep sea, you basically only have the meaning of looking at the pages of the sky.

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The anchor is an indispensable equipment to ensure the safety of the ship, and the anchor mainly has an anchor crown. It is composed of pins, anchor claws, anchor handles, anchor rods (also called crossbars or stabilizer rods) and anchor shackles.

The anchor is very long and heavy, in the sea, the water is very deep, the buoyancy is very large, and it is only a fraction of it compared to the land, but the anchor is very long, and it sinks deep into the bottom of the sea, so it can stabilize the big ship, he just does not let the ship move on its own, and does not prevent the ship from moving, if the ship continues to start the horsepower after anchoring, the anchor is also useless.

For example, when the anchor in the picture is put into the seabed, when the ship pulls it, there will definitely be two forks pierced into the mud, one of which is like a shovel-like fork because of the sharp angle will be the first to penetrate into the mud, and the final horizontal thin fork will have a great resistance to the anchor's drag in the mud, and the two forces will form a pull force on the ship.

The anchor is the main component of the mooring equipment. Iron docking equipment is attached to the ship with iron chains, and the anchor is thrown to the bottom of the water to make the ship stable. In ancient times, the anchor was a large stone, or a basket filled with stones, called a "ikaru".

The stone was tied with a rope and sunk to the bottom of the water, and the ship was moored according to its weight. Later, there were wooden claw anchors, that is, wooden claws were tied on both sides of the stones, and the weight and grip made the boat moored.

Anchor: Whenever a ship encounters strong winds and is difficult to dock, its safety depends entirely on anchors. The anchors of warships or sea ships weigh tens of thousands of catties.

It is forged by hammering into four iron claws, and only then attaching the iron claws to the anchor one by one. Iron anchors within 300 catties can first install a one-foot diameter anvil next to the furnace, when both ends of the interface of the forging have been burned red, then remove the charcoal, and use one end of the wooden stick wrapped in iron sheet to clamp them to the anvil and hammer them. If it is an iron anchor of about 1,000 catties, it is necessary to build a wooden shed first, let many people stand on the shed, hold the iron chain together, and the other end of the iron chain is covered with the big iron rings at both ends of the anchor body, hang the anchor and make it rotate as needed, and everyone works together to hammer the four iron claws of the anchor one by one.

The "mixture" used for connecting iron is not yellow mud, but the old wall mud powder that has been sifted, and a person constantly sprinkles it on the interface and hammers it with the iron together, so that there will be no slight gaps in the interface. In hammer work, the anchor is the largest forging object.

Ships and aircraft carriers must rely on anchors if they want to dock at sea, so how does an anchor stop a ship? And what does an anchor for an aircraft carrier look like? Why was it possible to stop an aircraft carrier weighing tens of thousands of tons?

When a ship is docked at the dock, most of them are tied to the shore with cables to prevent the ship from being blown away by the wind and waves and colliding. So what to do when you're on the surface? At this time, it is necessary to rely on the anchor, the anchor is the handbrake of the ship and the aircraft carrier, when the crew drops the anchor, because the weight of the anchor itself will pull the chain to sink to the bottom of the sea, at this time, the anchor chain lying on the bottom of the ship will provide the anchor with a horizontal tension, and the anchor will bury itself in the seabed because of gravity in the process of pulling, which is why the anchor can fix the ship.

In this process, the most important thing is that the anchor can hook the seabed on the seabed, otherwise when the wind and waves are strong, the long hair may loosen and the anchor will occur, so the seabed mud and sand are soft or rigid rocks are not suitable for anchoring. At the same time, it is not possible to anchor at the bottom of the reef, because the anchor is easy to be stuck in the stone crevice, and once the anchor is stuck in the stone crevice, it cannot be anchored, and finally the anchor chain can only be broken and the air anchor can be chosen. Therefore, in the ocean, ships can not be moored at any time, or need to choose a suitable anchor location, generally choose a sea shark with moderate softness and hardness or a strong sticky soil seabed.

The anchor hooks the seabed to provide a grip, and it is the cat chain that transmits this force to the ship and moored it. From the sea surface, the anchor chain falls vertically to the bottom of the sea, but in fact, there is a long section of the anchor chain is lying flat on the bottom of the sea, such an angle can make the anchor better grasp the bottom of the ship, and its own weight will also provide a part of the docking force, so generally when docking, the length of the anchor is far greater than the vertical depth of the ship to the bottom of the sea, generally speaking, the length of the anchor chain is four to seven times greater than the depth of the sea.

So how do you anchor when the ship needs to continue sailing? Once the anchor in the cabin is low, it begins to be a cat. When the ship comes to the top of the anchor, the anchor will be pulled out of the seabed by the windlass, and there will be a strong current in the windlass's pipe to wash away the sediment and seaweed adhered to the anchor chain.

Most ships rely on anchors to dock. In fact, aircraft carriers rely on anchors and cables only when they are docked, and anchors are rarely used at other times. You must know that the 90,000-ton aircraft carrier, its anchor will weigh more than 27 tons, in addition to the anchor itself and the anchor chain, the length of the general anchor chain is about 300 meters, and most of the aircraft carriers are more than 600 meters, and the total weight of the anchor plus the anchor chain can even reach about 500 tons.

Coupled with the particularity of the aircraft carrier's mission, it is generally rare to choose to anchor on the sea, and its own advanced system can also allow it to avoid most storms and dangers.

Heavy objects will be thrown in the water, and the friction of the sediment will be used to stop the ship.

After the anchor on the ship is thrown down, the anchor will gradually sink to the bottom, and the grinding boat will continue to walk after sinking to the bottom of the sun, but the anchor will have a large friction with the ground, and then the boat can be stopped.

After the ship is anchored, the anchor sinks to the bottom of the water under the traction of the anchor chain, and the anchor claw contacts with the bottom of the water and goes deep into the seabed to achieve the effect of fixing the ship; In order to make the anchor successfully descend to the bottom of the sea, usually the length of the anchor chain is much greater than the water depth, once there is a part of the anchor chain under the water is lying flat, when the ship continues to drive the anchor chain is then pulled, and at the same time the anchor and the anchor chain let the delay of the connection by a horizontal force, coupled with the gravity of the anchor itself, so that the anchor is embedded in a deeper depth, and finally let the ship stay firmly in the predetermined position.

The principle of anchoring:

The structure of the anchor from top to bottom is the anchor shackle, bolt, anchor rod, anchor handle, anchor wrist, and the symmetrical part on both sides is called the anchor claw. The anchor claw is the most important part of the anchor that grabs into the soil, and when the ship is at anchor, the anchor sinks to the bottom of the water under the traction of the anchor chain.

At the bottom of the water, the plane where the anchor wrist is located will be perpendicular to the bottom of the water due to the action of the anchor rod, and the anchor claw will come into contact with the bottom of the water. The length of the anchor chain of the ship is often greater than the depth of the water, so the anchor chain in the bottom part of the water is in a flat state.

When the ship receives disturbances, such as top waves, the anchor chain will be pulled, and the anchor at the bottom of the water will be subjected to a horizontal force at the junction of the anchor chain, and the gravity of the anchor itself acts on the contact point between the anchor claw and the bottom of the water, and the combination of the two forces makes the anchor move diagonally downward, which is the process of anchoring into the soil.

Once the anchor is pulled to the bottom, it can provide the ship with the ability to berth, and it is important to note that this ability to carry dust is not only done by an anchor, but also by a long anchor chain.