Regarding eukaryotic microorganisms, what are the main prokaryotic microorganisms What are the main

Eukaryotic microorganisms are characterized by having distinct nuclei in the cell. The outermost layer of the nucleus has a nuclear membrane that clearly separates the nucleus from the cytoplasm. Fungi, algae, and protozoa are all eukaryotic microorganisms.

The main difference between fungi and algae is that fungi do not have photosynthetic pigments and cannot photosynthesize. All fungi are organotrophic and algae are inorganic trophic photosynthetic organisms. The main difference between fungi and protozoa is that the cells of fungi have a cell wall, whereas the cells of protozoa do not have a cell wall.

You can take a look at the comparison between eukaryotes and prokaryotes on page 40 of the "Microbiology Course" edited by Professor Zhou Deqing of Higher Education Press, which is very detailed, and these materials are difficult to find on the Internet because of copyright protection, and can only provide you with so much I hope it will help you.

The most important types of eukaryotic microorganisms are yeasts, fungi and protozoa. You can search for your own according to these three categories.

There is a complete nucleus structure!

1. The characteristics of prokaryotic mRNA are:

1) Short half-life. In prokaryotes, mRNA transcription and translation occur synchronously in the same cellular space, and protein synthesis is often triggered at the beginning of mRNA transcription.

2) Many exist in the form of polycistrons. The mRNA of prokaryotic cells, including viruses, can sometimes encode several polypeptides at the same time.

3) The 5' end of the prokaryotic mRNA has no cap structure, the 3' end has no or only a short poly A structure, and there is a conserved region called the ribosome binding site (RBS) or SD sequence (Shine Dalgarno sequence) upstream of the prokaryotic start codon AUG, which is thought to play a role in ribosome-mRNA binding because the sequence is inversely complementary to the 3' end of the 16S-rRNA.

4) Prokaryotes often use AUG (sometimes GUG, or even UUG) as the starting codon;

Second, the characteristics of eukaryotic mRNA are:

1) Eukaryotic cell mRNA synthesis and functional expression occur in different spatial and temporal scales. mRNA appears in the nucleus as precursor RNA with a large molecular weight, and only mature, chemically modified mRNA with significantly smaller relative molecular weight can enter the cytoplasm and participate in protein synthesis.

2) Exists in the form of a single cistron

3) There is a cap structure at the 5' end of eukaryotic mRNA, in addition to histone genes, the 3' end of eukaryotic mRNA has a poly-A structure, and in the mRNA of eukaryotes, the original transcript product generated by DNA transcription --- precursor mRNA, which has to go through 5' plus "cap" and 3' enzyme digestion plus polyadenylide, and then after RNA splicing, the exon part encoding the protein is connected into a continuous translatable frame, which enters the cytoplasm through the nuclear pore and serves as a template for protein synthesis. The mRNA of eukaryotes can also alter genetic signals by RNA adding, deleting, or substituting certain nucleotides on primary transcripts.

4) Eukaryotes almost always use AUG as their starting codon.

Microorganisms include: the kingdom Viral, the prokaryotic kingdom, the protist kingdom, and the fungal kingdom.

Viruses have no cellular structure;

Prokaryotes include one algae (cyanobacteria), two bacteria (bacteria, actinomycetes), trisomy (chlamydia, mycoplasma, rickettsia);

Here are the eukaryotic microorganisms:

Protists include paramecium, amoeba, malaria parasite, etc.

Fungi include yeasts, molds (Penicillium), macrofungi (mushrooms), etc.

There is only one type of fungus in eukaryotic microorganisms, and prokaryotic microorganisms mainly refer to bacteria.

The comparison between the two is shown below.