Who knew it was a drama genre?

1. The Concept of Drama:

Drama is a comprehensive stage art, she uses literature, dance, art and other artistic means to shape the image of stage art, reveal social contradictions, and reflect social life.

2. Types of Drama:

In terms of performance form, it can be divided into drama, opera, dance drama, poetry drama, radio drama, TV drama, street drama, live newspaper drama, etc.; In terms of the nature of the content of the work, it can be divided into tragedy, comedy, drama, etc.; In terms of storyline, it can be divided into one-act plays, multi-act plays, etc. From the era, it can be divided into historical dramas and modern dramas.

3. Elements of drama: including stage descriptions, dramatic conflicts, character lines, etc.

4. Basic characteristics of drama:

1) Space and time should be highly concentrated.

Drama is not like ** and prose, which can be free from the limitations of time and space, it requires that time, characters, plots, and scenes be highly concentrated within the scope of the stage. On a small stage, the performance of a few people can represent thousands of troops, and a few laps can show that they have crossed thousands of rivers and mountains, and changing a scene and characters can explain that they have arrived in a new place or how many years have passed, and ...... have passedThousands of miles apart, spanning several years, can be displayed on the stage through curtain and scene changes.

2) Contradictions and conflicts should be sharp and concentrated.

All kinds of literary works should express the contradictions and conflicts of society, while drama requires the contradictions and conflicts reflected in the limited space and time to be more acute and concentrated. Because drama is a literary form that is created to reflect the contradictions and conflicts in real life, it is said that there is no drama without contradictions. And because the script is limited by the length and performance time, the real life reflected in the plot must be condensed into contradictions and conflicts suitable for stage performance.

3) The language should express the character of the character.

The language of the play is mainly lines. Lines, which are the words spoken by the characters in the play, include dialogues, monologues, and narrations. A monologue is what a character in a play says when they express their personal emotions and desires alone; The narration is what a character in the play says to the audience from the side behind the back of other people on stage.

Drama is mainly to promote the development of the plot and express the character through the lines. Therefore, the language of the lines is required to be able to fully express the character's personality, identity, thoughts and feelings, to be popular and natural, concise and clear, to be colloquial, and to be suitable for stage performance.

3 Re: The variety of theatrical scenes in various parts of China.

Henan: Henan Opera, Yue Tune.

Shandong: Lv Opera.

Hebei: Hebei Bangzi Pingju.

Shanxi: Jin Opera.

Anhui: Huangmei Opera.

Guangdong: Cantonese opera.

Zhejiang: Yue Opera.

Beijing: Peking Opera Pingju.

Northeast: Ji Opera, Longjiang Opera.

Shaanxi: Qin cavity.

Shanghai: Shanghai Opera, Yue Opera.

Jiangsu: Kunqu Opera, Tin Opera.

Jiangxi: Gan Opera.

Hunan: Hunan Opera.

**Literary common sense.

Main Categories:

According to the size of the capacity, dramatic literature can be divided into multi-act plays, one-act plays and sketches;

According to the form of expression, it can be divided into drama, opera, poetry drama, dance drama, opera, etc.;

According to the subject matter, it can be divided into mythological dramas, historical dramas, legendary dramas, civic dramas, social dramas, family dramas, science fantasy dramas, etc.;

According to the nature and effect of dramatic conflict, it can be divided into tragedy, comedy and drama.

However, the most basic and most used classifications are tragedy, comedy, and drama, where tragedy appears before comedy, and drama is also called tragicomedy.

Tragedy: The essence of the conflict: "The inevitable demands of history and the practically impossible realization of this demand". The aesthetic value of tragedy: "to destroy the valuable things of life for others to see".

Comedy: aesthetic value: "tear the worthless to show others".

Drama: The more profound way of mediating tragedy and comedy into a new whole.

Ancient Greek Drama.

The world's theater art first appeared in ancient Greece on the Aegean Sea about 2,400 years ago. At that time, in addition to the main actors, there was also a chorus in the troupe, which talked about what happened in the play. Interestingly, during the Pericles period, in order to encourage people to go to the theater, there was even a "drama allowance" for the audience.

This is a valuable reference in the promotion and protection of culture.

Actor. All the roles in ancient Greek drama were played by men, and these actors were professional and had a high social status. In the same play, one actor can play several roles, and one role can also be played by several actors.

Due to the distance between the actor and the audience, the actor must frequently change costumes and masks to attract the audience's attention. Actors use thick-soled boots to make themselves appear taller, and sometimes brightly colored gloves to make the audience recognize their gestures.

Theater. The earliest ancient norms of the Greek theater were rudimentary: a "theater" was built with a few steps on a solid piece of hard earth and a wooden plank.

In the fourth century BC, a new type of theater appeared: it had no roof, was semicircular, built of stone, and had a stepped seating with a large slope. The Greeks called it the "amphitheater".

Common dramas include dramas, operas, dance dramas, ** dramas, puppet shows, shadow puppet shows, etc.

Drama refers to the general term of stage performance arts that achieve narrative purposes in the form of language, movement, dance, puppetry, etc. The concept of drama in literature refers to the script created for the performance of the play, i.e., the play. There are various forms of drama performances, including dramas, operas, dance dramas, ** dramas, puppet shows, shadow puppet shows, etc.

Drama is a comprehensive art in which actors play roles and act out stories in public on stage.

The origin of drama is unquestionable, and there are various hypotheses. There are two mainstream views: one is the witchcraft ritual of primitive religions, such as the ancient Chinese, the words "witch", "dance" and "wu" have the same origin, which may be a collective name for a kind of witchcraft activity that begs for victory in battle, that is, the primitive form of drama.

The other is the improvisational song and dance performance of labor or the celebration of the harvest, which is mainly based on ancient Greek drama, which is believed to have originated in the sacrifice of Dionysus.

Western drama is born

The dawn of Western drama is generally considered to be ancient Greek tragedy, which originated from the worship of Dionysus in the ancient Greek city-state. During the festival, people play the role of Dionysus, sing the "Odor of the Gods" and dance the "Sheep Man Dance" (the sheep is the animal representing Tyenisus).

Ancient Greek tragedies are all poetic dramas, rigorous, elegant, and solemn. During the performance, there is a singing team, and historical facts show that the singing team existed before the actors. For this origin, reference can also be made to the early philosophical work of the German philosopher Friedrich Nietzsche, The Birth of Tragedy.

According to the different means of expression, the drama can be divided into drama, opera, light opera, opera, poetry, dance, pantomime and other forms; According to the nature and significance of the contradictions and conflicts reflected in the works, they can be divided into four types: drama, tragedy, comedy, and tragicomedy; According to the size of the work, it is divided into multi-act plays and one-act plays; According to different themes, it can be divided into historical dramas, modern dramas, children's dramas, fairy tale dramas, etc. In the West, there are also problem dramas, masquerade dramas, religious dramas, melodramas, pastoral dramas, structural dramas and other varieties.

Chinese dramas are generally divided into famous Chinese dramas and local dramas, and the general types are:

A famous Chinese drama.

Qin dialect commented on the drama. Huangmei opera Kunqu opera.

Peking Opera Chinese Drama.

Yue opera and Cantonese opera. Henan opera and Chinese opera.

Sichuan opera local opera.

Xiang opera Puxian opera.

Liyuan plays on the party bangzi.

Pu opera Jin opera. North Road Bangzi.

Hebei Bangzi. Fujian opera Gaojia opera.

There are many classifications of drama, which can be divided into tragedy, comedy and drama according to the nature of the conflict; Press.

The size of the capacity can be divided into multi-act plays and one-act plays; According to the different means of expression, it can be divided into drama, opera, dance drama, poetry drama and opera.

With regard to "drama", it is also necessary to pay attention to the narrow and broad meanings. Broadly speaking, drama includes drama, Chinese opera, opera, dance drama, etc. In a narrow sense, drama mainly refers to drama.

The classification of drama is drama, opera, dance drama, opera, etc. According to the size of the capacity, it is divided into multi-act plays, one-act plays and sketches, according to the form of expression, it is divided into dramas, operas, dance dramas, operas, etc., according to the theme, it is divided into mythological dramas, historical dramas, legendary dramas, civic dramas, social dramas, family dramas, etc., and according to the nature and effect of dramatic conflicts, it is divided into tragedy, comedy and drama.

The Origins of World TheatreWorld theater originated from the first village religious rituals of human beings in ancient times, and is related to the ancient Greek celebration of the god of wine and the harvest ceremony. The development of drama is like the development of history, and the changes of the times impact the changes of drama.

The situation of one stage and one main trend in the previous period of drama has been broken, and new schools of thought have emerged, forming a situation of pluralistic coexistence, mutual collision and mutual absorption. In the process of cultural collision, the development of drama renews itself on the one hand, and absorbs more social elements on the other hand, and moves forward along the path of time.

1. Tragedy 1) Tragedy, which describes the development of the conflict between the protagonist and the dominant forces (such as fate, environment, society), and finally reaches a tragic or catastrophic ending, which is a metaphor for unfortunate encounters.

2) One of the main genres of drama is characterized by the expression of irreconcilable conflicts between the protagonist and reality and its tragic ending.

3) Representative works: "Dou E's Injustice", "Liang Shanbo and Zhu Yingtai", "Jiashen Three Hundred Years Festival", etc.

2. Comedy. 1) Comedy is a type of drama, which is generally interpreted by the public as a comedy or a comedy, with exaggerated techniques, ingenious structures, witty lines and portrayal of comedy characters, so as to arouse people's ridicule of ugliness and funny, and affirm normal life and beautiful ideals.

2) According to the different objects and techniques of depiction, it can be divided into satirical comedy, improvisational comedy, lyrical comedy, absurd comedy and farce. The content can be a social critique with satire and political wit or intelligence, or pure farce, comedy, or burlesque. The resolution of comedic conflicts is generally breezy and often ends with the protagonist of the progressive force triumphing or getting his wish.

3) Representative work: On June 10, 1895, Louis Lumière of France produced the world's first comedy "Watering the Gardener", which opened up a precedent for comedy.

3. Drama 1) Drama, drama is one of the main genres of drama, the third type formed after tragedy and comedy, and its narrative means are mainly words. The main drama is a later type of drama, which was initially rejected by the classicists.

2) Representative works: Famous dramas include Shakespeare's "One Newspaper for One Newspaper", "The Tempest", Diderot's "Bastard", "The Head of the Family", etc.