What determines the length of life?

Researchers at Umeå University in Sweden have found that the length of a person's lifespan is determined by their father's genes.

In the report, the researchers pointed out that although it is still not certain what causes human aging, more and more research results confirm that the length of DNA telomeres is closely related to the length of human life; The longer the telomere, the longer the lifespan.

The researchers analyzed 132 healthy people from 49 different families in northern Sweden and counted the telomere length of their genes. Preliminary analysis showed that the longer the telomeres of the paternal gene, the longer the life expectancy of the child. The researchers proposed that although half of the genes in children originate from their mothers, there is no link between mother and child in telomere length.

But some scientists disagree. According to Professor Nordgel, who led the study, the results so far are only preliminary analyses and need to be followed up for a long time. In addition, he also suggested that if the gene has long telomeres, it will necessarily lead to longevity.

Not smoking, maintaining a good attitude, and eating a healthy diet are the secrets of longevity. ‍‍

According to medical research, blood pressure, body temperature, breathing rate, heart rate, pain sensation and walking speed are important signals to measure the basic functions of the body, and carefully observing their changes and trying to control them within the normal range is the key to longevity.

Blood pressure. Changes in blood pressure are a direct reflection of the cardiovascular system. The World Health Organization has set 140-90 mmHg as the limit for hypertension.

Normal people occasionally exceed the blood pressure standard in stressful states such as exercise, mood swings, and overwork, but there is no need to worry too much if the blood pressure can fall back to normal on its own after the disappearance of interfering factors; However, if the blood pressure is elevated for a period of time, whether at home, in the clinic or on ambulatory blood pressure monitoring, the blood pressure measured exceeds 140 90 mm Hg, it is high blood pressure.

Body temperature. Body temperature reflects the strength of metabolism. The armpit temperature of a normal person is 36 37, which fluctuates slightly throughout the day, slightly lower in the morning and slightly higher in the afternoon, and the difference is generally not more than 1.

Gao Fangkun, former director of the Beijing Institute of Geriatrics, said that body temperature is also related to age, and that the body temperature of children is generally higher, and that of newborns and the elderly. After exercising and eating, a woman's body temperature is slightly higher before menstruation or during pregnancy, and emotional agitation and mental stress also have an impact on body temperature.

Respiration rate. Comparatively speaking, the faster and shorter the breathing, the worse the cardiopulmonary function; The slower, deeper and longer the breathing, the better the cardiopulmonary function. A person breathes about 10,000 times a day, and the amount of air that enters the lungs is about liters per minute, but the air that actually enters the lungs is much lower than that.

Modern people breathe faster than the ancients, taking only seconds at a time. Shallow and fast breathing leads to less air exchange, which deprives the brain of oxygen, and is also closely related to anxiety, depression, cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases, and even cancer. <>

Heart rate. In general, a normal person's heart rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute. Several studies have found that the faster the heart rate, the shorter the life expectancy, and people with a heart rate of less than 90 beats per minute are less likely to get heart disease.

The faster the heart rate of patients with coronary heart disease, the greater the chance of cardiovascular events, and the higher the risk of death.

Pain. Pain is the most direct signal of physical discomfort and is a self-protection function. In the medical community, pain is considered one of the important vital signs.

Many people are not surprised by pain, and the main coping method is "forbearance", but they do not know that pain is not only a symptom of some diseases, but also a disease itself. Severe chronic pain can lead to dysfunction of various systems and can be life-threatening.

Walking speed. Walking speed is an important indicator of health status, which can be regarded as an "indicator" to detect the decline of physical function in the elderly, and is more accurate than age and gender in terms of average life expectancy.

Walking speed can be faster or shorter, especially in people over 75 years old. The average person walks at a speed of meters and seconds, with people below the meter second having an increased risk of death and those living longer than 1 meter second.

It should be noted that the elderly with underlying diseases such as hypertension and diabetes are prone to rapid heart rate due to the increase in activity, so it is best to choose moderate-intensity gentle exercise.

The length of life depends mainly on genetics, lifestyle, medical conditions, and other factors.

1. Genetics are innate factors. If a person has a family history, genetic defects, or severe genetic diseases, then the probability of acquiring the disease will also be higher, and if a family has a long life history, then the probability of longevity will be higher than the average person.

2. Lifestyle determines a person's acquired health. Lifestyle includes eating habits, lifestyle habits, medical conditions, etc. Healthy diet and lifestyle habits can make people younger and delay aging. Unhealthy diet and lifestyle habits can accelerate aging, disease, and premature aging in people.

3. The quality of medical conditions affects the process and outcome of the disease. Good medical conditions play a role in the length of life. Lifespan depends on many factors, not just genes.

Good lifestyle habits can prolong life:

The so-called lifestyle habits mean that in our daily life, we should exercise regularly, do not be sedentary, and insist on exercising every day, which can also help us prolong our life. Every day, you can go for a run, play ball, go swimming, climb a mountain, and so on. If conditions permit, you can also get up early to do tai chi, or square dance at night, these exercises are very good.

In addition, in life, we must develop a good habit of not smoking, not drinking, and not staying up late.

Smoking, drinking, and staying up late are very harmful to the human body and will shorten life expectancy. Routine is also very important, only a good routine can restore the spirit. Generally, the long-lived elderly have a very regular schedule and never stay up late when they should sleep, so they are always energetic and healthy and live a long and long life.

The length of life depends on:

1. Genes

A study by Lancaster University in the United Kingdom pointed out that the difference in life expectancy between men and women can be explained from a genetic point of view. After conducting animal experiments, they found that there are some genetic variants in the mitochondrial genes that only damage the lifespan of males, and the long-term accumulation will widen the lifespan gap between males and females. In addition, there is a gene in the human body that is involved in repairing DNA, which is related to the X chromosome.

Women have more repair genes than men, which is more conducive to longevity.

2. Month of birth

A survey of 70,000 centenarians in the United States showed that in addition to a healthy lifestyle, the right health regimen and personal personality traits, the month of birth has also become a major factor affecting the length of life. This study suggests that people born in the fall may live longer, mainly due to the different circumstances that people are in during the early stages of life.

For example, babies born in the spring have less nutrients and less sunlight during the winter pregnancy, so the body synthesizes less vitamin D, and these factors will affect the baby's health. A survey published by the Max Planck Center for Population Research in Germany also showed that people born in autumn live longer and are less likely to get sick in old age. <>

3. Environmental factors

It includes the intrauterine environment of the fetus when it is in the mother's womb, the natural environment such as water, sunlight, air, etc., and the social environment such as culture, education, family, region, hygiene, etc. So the factors that affect a person's longevity are complex.

Fourth, psychological factors

Studies have found that people with an optimistic mindset lead healthier lifestyles and spend more time exercising and socializing. Optimists heal faster, live longer, and are less susceptible to disability from illnesses and injuries. Happiness can increase the number of disease-resistant and antibacterial cells, thereby improving one's immunity.

Fifth, high IQ and quick response

A study in the United Kingdom found that reaction speed is more important than blood pressure, weight, etc. The faster the reaction, the longer the lifespan. Scientists have analyzed and pointed out that reaction time is the speed used by the brain to process information, and it is a concentrated manifestation of the body's ability to coordinate.

People who respond quickly tend to have higher IQs, and they also have healthier lifestyles and therefore live longer.

Factors that affect the longevity of a person:

1. Genetic factors.

Human life expectancy and genes are also very related, we all know that the genes of men and women are different, there are more chromosomes in the male body than women, scientific research has shown that the average life expectancy of women is higher than that of men, which is also caused by genes, there are genes that damage life expectancy in the male body, so the life expectancy of men will be relatively short, male friends should pay attention to developing good living habits, so as to make the life expectancy longer.

2. Psychological factors.

Psychological factors can also be said to be personality factors, some studies have shown that maintaining a positive and optimistic attitude can make you live longer, and if you are in a good mood, the chance of getting sick will be less. If a person is in a state of great stress and depression for a long time, the person's mental state and physical condition will not be very good, which will lead to the appearance of some diseases, and the appearance of diseases will shorten people's life expectancy.

3. Dietary factors.

Diet is the biggest factor affecting life expectancy, unhealthy diet will lead to shorter life expectancy, such as irregular diet, sometimes skip meals, start to eat a lot when you are hungry, and eat food is not very healthy things such as fast food, such a habit is very harmful to the stomach.

4. Living habits.

A person's living habits are also very important, usually drinking, smoking and staying up late and other living habits are very harmful to the body, especially staying up late, staying up late is equal to chronic suicide, the more times you stay up late, the shorter your lifespan, so you must develop good living habits.

The key to longevity: having a healthy exercise routine

People with a longer life expectancy have much better physical fitness than others, and now people are paying attention to living a healthy life and strengthening physical exercise. Strengthening physical exercise can not only enhance the physical fitness of the human body, but also have the effect of increasing life expectancy. There is a big difference between the body of the elderly and the body of the young, and the elderly themselves have poor physical fitness, so they cannot do some too strenuous exercise.

A number of studies have found that lifestyle habits, marriage, psychology, occupation, genetics, and environment are the main factors that determine the length of life. Some experts have specially designed a "life calculator" for this purpose. If you take the "average life expectancy of Chinese is 76 years old" announced by the World Health Organization as the basic life expectancy, through the test, you can calculate whether you can prolong your life.

Habits] Smoking more than 2 packs a day, minus 12 years old, smoking 1 2 packs a day, minus 7 years old, smoking less than 20 cigarettes a day, minus 2 years old;

Sleep for more than 10 hours or less than 5 hours, minus 2 years of age; obesity, minus 2 years; Poor posture, minus 2 years;

Pre-existing chronic diseases or frequent minor illnesses are reduced by 5 years; Exercise 3 times a week, plus 3 years old; Love to eat fruits and vegetables, plus 2 years old; Pet ownership, plus 1 year old.

Psychological] low self-esteem, minus 4 years old; stubbornness, minus 2 years; Adventurous (e.g. driving a fast car), minus 2 years old; depression, minus 1-3 years;

Feeling happy and satisfied most of the time, plus 2 years old; optimistic, plus 1 to 3 years old; Friends who share their troubles, plus 1 year old; Firm in faith, plus 7 years old;

Marriage] married, plus 1 year old; Sexual harmony, plus 4 years old; For unmarried men and women over the age of 25, the age is reduced by 2 years and 1 year respectively, and for each additional 10 years thereafter, the age is reduced by 2 years and 1 year;

Men and women who are divorced and live alone are reduced by 9 years and 5 years respectively; Women who are infertile or childless after the age of 40 are reduced in age.

Occupation] skilled workers and sales personnel do not increase or decrease; Engage in heavy physical labor, minus 4 years old; Professional researchers, plus years; 60 years old still working, plus 2 years old, 65 years old still working, plus 3 years old;

Working (or spending most of your life) in a big city, minus 1 year; Working (or spending most of your life) in a suburban township, plus 1 year old.

Heredity] The mother lives to be over 80 years old, plus 4 years old, and the father lives to be over 80 years old, plus 2 years old; Grandparents live to be over 80 years old, plus 1 year old;

Some members of the immediate family died of heart disease before the age of 50, minus 3 years, and some died of stomach cancer, minus 2 years; There are female close relatives who die of breast cancer, and women are reduced by 2 years; If a close relative dies before the age of 60 by suicide or other disease, the age is reduced by 1.

Environment] Noise pollution for a long time, reduce the age by 1; The place of residence has a great view, plus 2 years old.

The length of a person's life span is related to many factors, and whether there is a regular routine is closely related to the length of a person's life. 1 3 times in a person's life are spent in sleep, it can be seen how important sleep is to maintain health in the body, although the sleep time of older people can be shortened, but also have enough sleep time, the daily sleep time should be guaranteed to be about six hours. In this way, it is beneficial to improve the function of many important organs, and can also maintain normal immune function, which is a key point that people who want to maintain a long life and prolong their life.