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Regarding the rapid development of ancient China from beginning to end, although it is said that ancient China has always been in the era of feudal dynasties, it cannot be denied that this is also an important step forward in history. But it is precisely because of this that China will step by step towards the world, although the humiliating history that China encountered in modern times is the memory of the nation. This is also a bloody lesson that can remind us of history, so that China will not repeat such mistakes again in the future.
So in ancient China, if there were no northern invaders, could the industrial age be opened with the technology of the Song Dynasty? The answer is no, and the main reasons are as follows. <>
1. The economy of feudal rule oppresses the people. First of all, the first point is that feudal rule will squeeze the people's economy as a ruler, he will definitely try to get more taxes from the hands of the people, in order to increase his income as a ruler, and also allow him to be able to Ming Dynasty the world, which is also a thing that any ruler wants to do, but because of this, the more the ruler wants to achieve his own great cause, then the more he will squeeze the people, in this way, increase the burden of the people, the people have no economic reserves, how to invest in the development of industrial technology. <>
2. The germ of handicraft was only during that period of time. Secondly, another point is that the germ of artisanal factoryism was only in the eastern coastal areas of the Song Dynasty. This economic phenomenon is not found in all parts of the country, and it will not be possible to complete it from the beginning to the end if we want to develop such an economic phenomenon into a national situation.
Therefore, in the Song Dynasty, even if there was no invasion by the northern invaders, the Song Dynasty would not have been able to accomplish such a feat. <>
3. People's ignorance of thought. The last point is the ignorance of people's minds. This is manifested in wealth.
After making a lot of money, many businessmen think of buying land at home and buying all kinds of gold and silver jewelry to hoard themselves, and they will never think of using this to develop greater economic income, and will always only guard their own 5 acres and three points of land.
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Even without the northern invaders, the Song Dynasty would not have been able to start the industrial age. The industrial age was not just a matter of talking, it required a complete set of industrial technologies and thousands of industrial personnel, and the entire social environment at that time was heavy agriculture, and there was no such environment to provide industrial conditions.
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Fake! The Song Dynasty itself had serious institutional problems, such as redundant officials, redundant troops, and low military combat effectiveness. Although the stability of its ruling structure was greatly improved compared to that of its predecessors, the Song's problems became apparent in the face of external invasions.
In other words, just as the Eastern Romans could not survive modern times, neither would the Song Dynasty.
The emergence of modern civilization relied on the darkest hour of the European Middle Ages - the fierce collision of multiple ethnicities and religions, the survival of small countries, the expansion of the population beyond the upper limit of the land carrying capacity, and the competition for limited resources to seize ......None of this happened in the East, and even if there were aliens, they eventually followed Confucianism and became sinicized (Liao, Jin, and Yuan). In other words, Wu Hu said that the relatively comfortable production environment determined that the Song Dynasty did not have the power to industrialize. The rampant small-scale peasant economy determined that Song's own capitalism would remain in its infancy for a long time (the early capitalists would simply expand reproduction rather than improve technology, or even hoard real estate, when they had money).
The Industrial Revolution marked the steam engine, and the first orange to collapse was fueled by trees, followed by coal. This coal must also be shallow, otherwise it cannot be obtained under the mining conditions of ancient times. Okay, can you now see where the coal mines in our country are now, in the area controlled by the Song Dynasty?
Is there shallow coal? After saying that, it is called that Song has no resource base at all.
Of course, the Song Dynasty had another path of industrial modernization—similar to the late Qing Dynasty, when the master of the art used the land to carry out the Westernization movement, and used Western modern technology for his own use. If the Song Dynasty solves the problem of 1, then it is not without a chance to realize industrialization, and it must be far better than the late Qing Dynasty in reality.
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Everyone knows that China's economy was very developed during the Tang Dynasty, and China's science and technology during the Song Dynasty was very advanced. According to the introduction of some historical books, we can know that many inventions emerged during the Song Dynasty in China, so in the eyes of many people, the science and technology of the ancient Song Dynasty in China can be said to be quite mature. Then some people may ask, why did the industrial revolution not break out in China during the Song Dynasty like some countries in the West?
Different people have different opinions on this issue. Some of them believe that the main reason why the industrial revolution did not break out in the Song Dynasty in ancient China was that the scientists in the Song Dynasty in ancient China were not as powerful as those in the West, and there may have been powerful figures, but the number was very small, and it was possible that in different periods of the Song Dynasty, there were not as many scientific and technological talents as there were in the West.
1. The development of the Song Dynasty was very developed during the Tang Dynasty, which laid a good economic foundation for the development of the Song Dynasty. So by the time of the Song Dynasty, although some commerce and art in the Song Dynasty were relatively prosperous. At that time, the commercial development was not only limited to a certain square or a certain district, but the entire commercial development spread throughout the whole country.
In terms of art, the greatest achievement of the Song Dynasty was the invention of papermaking and printing by the people at that time, which led to the emergence of paper in the country, and to a certain extent, also promoted the development of art in the whole country.
Second, the reason why the industrial revolution did not break out in the Song Dynasty In the eyes of many people, the economy of the Song Dynasty was developed, and a series of inventions appeared. It seems that during the Song Dynasty, China already had some conditions for the outbreak of the industrial revolution, but this person felt very strange that the industrial revolution did not break out during the Song Dynasty in China. The main reason why the industrial revolution did not break out was that at that time Chinese talents were not as concentrated as Western scientists.
3. OverviewThe reason why the industrial revolution did not break out in the Song Dynasty is mainly related to the concentration of talents in the Song Dynasty.
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China has always had a small-scale peasant mentality, believing that agriculture is the foundation of development, so there is no prospect for industrial development.
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The Song Dynasty in Chinese history, everyone may think that this is a very cowardly dynasty. We know that the Song Dynasty was one of the most warlike dynasties in China. However, what is very strange is that although the Song Dynasty lost the war, the development of the military industry of the Song Dynasty was the most developed in history.
The reason why the military industry of the Song Dynasty was so developed had a lot to do with the political and economic development of the Song Dynasty at that time. We know that in order for a country's military industry to develop and grow, it must first be supported by a strong economy and a strong political system.
1. Economic Development of the Song Dynasty During the Song Dynasty in China, although there were no great achievements in fighting wars, it was in the forefront of the world in terms of economy. According to the historical records of that time, we can know that the economic share of the Song Dynasty accounted for two-thirds of the world economic share at that time. It can be seen that the economic status of the Song Dynasty in the world at that time was very important.
During the Song Dynasty, China's commerce developed rapidly, and people became more and more affluent, thus providing a material guarantee for the military development of the Song Dynasty.
2. The political situation of the Song Dynasty During the Song Dynasty, in addition to the economic development, the politics of the Song Dynasty were also very stable. During the Song Dynasty, the king advocated the use of literary talents to govern the world, so that more talented people could give full play to their talents and participate in the governance of the country. In addition, there were a large number of intellectuals during the Song Dynasty, and you invented something new through your own ingenuity, such as gunpowder.
Just gunpowder, this invention was able to greatly enhance the military capabilities of the Song Dynasty.
3. Wars in the Song Dynasty During the Song Dynasty, there were a lot of wars. However, since the king at that time received some knowledge of the literati from an early age, the king did not advocate war. Looking at the history of the wars of the Song Dynasty, we will also find that there are not many wars initiated by the kings of the Song Dynasty, or even none.
However, there were still a lot of wars experienced, so the Song Dynasty had to improve its military level.
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The economy of the Song Dynasty was highly developed, but the emphasis was on literature over military force, because Song Taizu was afraid of repeating the mistakes of the past, so he limited the power of military generals as much as possible. Therefore, the void is not good.
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It is one thing to emphasize literature and light on military force, and the ruler is not very reliable on the other hand, and in ancient times, there was a lack of war horses, and it was difficult to conquer the north in the south.
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Because the civilian officials commanded indiscriminately, did not command effectively, did not face up to the efforts of the soldiers, had no combat power, and were afraid that the soldiers would be in power, they increased restrictions, and the wind of extravagance was strong, and they could not change their own shortcomings.
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The so-called winning the masses can win the world. The people were not given a life of peace and contentment. No matter how many inventions. No matter how powerful technology is, what is the use?
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The ruler is incompetent, not good both internally and externally, and it is useless to invent more! The people's hearts are gone! You can only change the dynasty!
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There are many people who say that those who win the hearts of the people win the world, but there are also many faint kings.
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1. Poverty and weakness.
2. Civilian dominance.
3. The feudal ruling class solidifies its thinking.
4. The leading class is decadent and backward.
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That is to lose the hearts and minds of the people.
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The survival of a nation depends not only on the power of science and technology. The state is a political artifact. It can be wiped out by other countries or overthrown by its own people. It can also be subverted.
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The Song Dynasty can be said to be one of the weakest dynasties in Chinese history, you must know that since the Qin Dynasty, China's monarchs have been expanding abroad, opening up borders, and fighting wars for many years. The Song Dynasty was in a state of being beaten, and the economic development of the Song Dynasty at that time reached an unprecedented level in Chinese history, and the economy, education, science and technology were unprecedentedly developed, but it was such a developed dynasty, but it was in a state of being beaten everywhere, which was because people in the Song Dynasty were overly addicted to pleasure and did not develop the military.
In fact, at the beginning of Emperor Zhao Kuangyin of the Song Dynasty, he relied on his own army to fight a bloody way to establish the Song DynastyBut after he ascended the throne, his first thought was to recuperate and stabilize the country's politics, so he did not choose to attack the Xiongnu and other nomads in the north.
As a result, by his children and grandchildren, hedonism has taken overThey are no longer willing to expand externally, but indulge in the rapid development of the domestic economy and culture, so the entire Song Dynasty has almost nothing to do in the military, and due to the rapid progress of culture and science and technology, people at that time thought that even if the war was lost, as long as they lost money, there would be no problem, but what they didn't know was that a country wanted to developIf there is no military force to guarantee it, then it is a lamb to the slaughter.
And the fall of the Song Dynasty proves this truthTherefore, China's later dynasties and today's China attach great importance to military development, after all, only a strong army can surrender without a fight, if it is not to develop military strength, then it can only become an ATM for others.
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The ruling class of the Song Dynasty was not confident and put itThe only force of force was to suppress the uprising of its own people。Southerners could not wear weapons is the beginning of the Song Dynasty, the Tang Dynasty firearms can be very advanced, the Song Dynasty and the Southern Song Dynasty firearms have beenFar behind the Mongol-ruled Arabia. It can be seen how weak the civilian armed forces are
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First of all, it is well known that the Song Dynasty emphasized literature over martial arts, so everyone went to study literature, and there were naturally fewer people who practiced martial arts.
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The rulers of the Song Dynasty believed that the strength of the country was to quell internal rebellions, so the Song Dynasty's armies were used to maintain order and suppress internal rebellions.
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In fact, they think that they are the most powerful, so they are not compared with foreigners, and their military strength is very poor.
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The strong national power in the early stage caused the rulers of later generations to gradually lose their sense of crisis, and began to be greedy for pleasure and did not pay attention to military development.
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The system of the Song Dynasty emphasized literature over military force, because the previous dynasty was seized by military generals, so in the Song Dynasty there was a system of attacking military generals and vigorously praising Gao Wenjiang.
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Because the Song Dynasty focused on economic development and military development at that time, it advocated emphasizing literature over military force, so it led to military backwardness.
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In fact, the Song Dynasty was not very backward militarily, at least the victory rate was okay, but due to several defeats, so some people think they are very backward, but it's actually okay.
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