Briefly describe the reform of labor insurance in China, and what reforms have been carried out in C

A social security system in which workers who are unable to continue to work or temporarily suspend work for various reasons receive material assistance from the state and society. In many countries, this is called social insurance.

Under the socialist system, labor insurance is a basic right obtained by workers after making certain contributions to the state and society, and this right is guaranteed through national legislation and has a mandatory nature. Some long-term benefits of labor insurance, such as retirement pension, etc., are through unified fundraising, payment, adjustment and management across the country or region, and also have the nature of mutual assistance.

Establishment and Development of China's Labor Insurance System The Communist Party of China (CPC) has always attached great importance to labor insurance. In the manifesto of the Second National Congress of the Communist Party of China issued in July 1922, the implementation of labor insurance was one of the goals of the workers' movement. After 1930, labor insurance became an important part of the labor legislation of the people's power under the leadership of the Communist Party of China.

In 1948, the people of Northeast China promulgated the "Regulations on Temporary Labor Insurance of Public Enterprises in Northeast China in Wartime", which was implemented in some industrial sectors in the region. Before and after the founding of the People's Republic of China, in the newly liberated areas such as Hebei, Shanxi, and Tianjin, as well as in the railway, post and telecommunications industries, and other industries throughout the country, interim measures for labor insurance were also formulated in their own regions and industries. In 1951, the Government Council promulgated the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Labor Insurance, which were implemented in all state-owned, public-private, private and cooperative enterprises with more than 100 employees nationwide.

The labor insurance items stipulated in the regulations mainly include: medical treatment, work-related injury benefits, illness and non-work-related injury benefits, maternity benefits, work-related disability and illness, non-work-related disability benefits, retirement pension benefits, work-related death and illness, non-work-related death benefits, medical subsidies and funeral subsidies for employees to support their immediate family members, etc. In 1953, the Government Council amended and promulgated the Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Labor Insurance, which extended the scope of implementation to the capital construction units of industrial, mining, and transportation enterprises and state-owned construction companies.

Around 1956, after the socialist transformation of individual handicrafts and private industry and commerce was basically completed, the "Labor Insurance Regulations" were implemented in all state-owned enterprises; Some large-scale collective-owned enterprises with relatively good economic conditions have also implemented or referred to the regulations. In 1958 and 1978, with the approval of the Standing Committee of the National People's Congress, the retirement benefits in the "Labor Insurance Regulations" were amended twice, the standard of treatment was raised, and the retirement method of employees became a separate decree.

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Summary. Hello, the "Labor Insurance Regulations" promulgated and implemented at the earliest time after the founding of the People's Republic of China are mainly to provide protection to the labor group. Of course, the labor insurance regulations also protect the normal rights and interests of employers.

However, the labor insurance regulations are mainly aimed at workers, because workers are often in a weak position in labor relations, so the labor insurance regulations mainly protect the rights and interests of workers.

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Hello, after the founding of the People's Republic of China, the earliest promulgation and implementation of the "Labor Insurance Pure Xunyuan Regulations" is mainly to provide protection for the labor group. Of course, the labor insurance regulations also protect the normal rights and interests of employers. However, the labor insurance regulations are mainly aimed at workers, because workers are often in a weak position in labor relations, so the labor insurance regulations mainly protect the rights and interests of workers.

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The main reforms of China's insurance system in recent years include:

1) Standardize and reorganize insurance companies with mixed operations in accordance with the principle of separate operation of property and life insurance;

2) In accordance with the principle of separate supervision of banking, insurance, and air sales, an independent insurance regulatory department - China Insurance Regulatory Commission has been established to centrally manage the national insurance market as a loss inspection field;

3) In accordance with the requirements of the modern enterprise system, the insurance enterprises have carried out a relatively standardized shareholding system transformation, accelerated the commercialization process of state-owned insurance companies, and changed their internal operating mechanisms to the direction of adapting to the development of the market.

Answer]: The Regulations of the People's Republic of China on Labor Insurance is the first unified national social insurance regulation in China, which lays the framework for the social insurance system for employees.

According to the regulations, the labor insurance expenses of employees shall be borne by the enterprise, part of which shall be paid directly by the enterprise, and the other part shall be paid by the enterprise and handed over to the trade union organization for handling. Enterprises that implement labor insurance must pay 3% of the total wages of employees as labor insurance money on a monthly basis, of which 30% shall be handed over to the All-China Federation of Trade Unions as the total labor insurance, and 70% shall be deposited in the basic committee of the trade union of the enterprise as labor insurance, which shall be used to pay the pensions, subsidies and relief expenses due to workers and employees in accordance with these regulations.

Legal analysis: 1. The principle of integration; 2. The principle of socialization; 3. The principle of legalization; 4. Scientific principle.

Legal basis: Article 3 of the Social Insurance Law of the People's Republic of China The social insurance system adheres to the principle of wide coverage, basic protection, multi-level and sustainable development, and the level of social insurance should be commensurate with the level of economic and social development.

The social security system is under the management of the state, with the state as the main body, in accordance with certain laws and regulations, through the redistribution of national income, relying on social security, to give material help to citizens when they temporarily or permanently lose their ability to work and when life difficulties occur due to various reasons, so as to ensure the most basic living needs of residents. The social security system is to raise funds through collective insurance, individual insurance, state funding, and compulsory savings, and the state provides assistance to those whose living standards do not meet the minimum standards, provides basic living security to those who temporarily or permanently lose the ability to work, gradually improves the material and cultural welfare of all members of society, maintains social stability, and promotes economic growth and social progress.

Resources.

Problems in China's social security: The Fourth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee of the Communist Party of China proposed to build a socialist harmonious society, one of the important tasks is to establish and improve the socialist security system, the current social security system in China is not very sound, the social security system is not perfect enough, many important issues have not reached consensus, and the task of reform is still very arduous. The most prominent problems are mainly manifested in the narrow coverage and high contribution rate; The income cannot cover the expenditure, and the funding gap is large; Multi-headed management, multi-government; unclear responsibilities and insufficient financial support; There is a big difference between urban and rural areas.

How to effectively establish a social security system that suits China's national conditions is an issue that requires us to be serious. The basic principles of reform: (1) Improving the social security system is conducive to deepening the reform of state-owned enterprises.

Under the conditions of the socialist market economy, in order for enterprises to become the main body of vigorous competition, they must change their operating mechanism and implement such measures as reorganization, restructuring, merger and bankruptcy, and reducing the number of employees to increase efficiency. Therefore, only by establishing a new type of social security system that is independent of enterprises and institutions can the reform of state-owned enterprises proceed smoothly. (2) Improving the social security system is conducive to promoting the strategic adjustment of the economic structure.

Along with the adjustment of the economic structure, it is an inevitable social phenomenon that the labor force changes positions and is resettled. Therefore, only by establishing a sound social security system can we ensure the smooth progress of economic restructuring. (3) Improving the social security system is conducive to cultivating a unified market system.

The formation of the socialist market system, especially the labor market among the factors of production, is unified.

1. Standardized social security is the premise, otherwise workers will have worries when they change their positions, so that the labor market cannot be formed. (4) A sound social security system is conducive to the fundamental purpose of achieving common prosperity. (5) A sound social security system is conducive to expanding domestic demand.

At present, an important reason for the sluggish consumption demand of Chinese residents is that China's social security system is not perfect, residents' confidence in consumption is insufficient, people expect income growth to slow down, expect expenditures to increase, and they dare not spend money. (6) The establishment and improvement of the social security system is an important pillar of the socialist market economic system, which has a bearing on the overall situation of reform, development and stability. It is also a fundamental measure to safeguard the legitimate rights and interests of workers and implement social stability.

7) Improving the social security system is also an important measure to solve the aging of China's population. (8) Improving the social security system is also an important measure for China to cope with China's accession to the WTO.

The basic principles that must be grasped to promote the reform of the social security system:

First, we should persist in proceeding from the basic national conditions and give priority to achieving full coverage of social security and ensuring the basics.

The second is to strengthen the top-level design, enhance the fairness and sustainability of the system, and enhance the integrity and coordination of reform.

The third is to adhere to the pilot first, and timely summarize and promote the experience of reform and innovation.

The social security system is under the management of the state, with the state as the main body, in accordance with certain laws and regulations, through the redistribution of national income, relying on social security, to give material help to citizens when they temporarily or permanently lose their ability to work and when life difficulties occur due to various reasons, so as to ensure the most basic living needs of residents. The social security system is to raise funds through collective insurance, individual insurance, state funding, and compulsory savings, and the state provides assistance to those whose living standards do not meet the minimum standards, provides basic living security to those who temporarily or permanently lose the ability to work, gradually improves the material and cultural welfare of all members of society, maintains social stability, and promotes economic growth and social progress.

Since the reform and opening up, China's social security system has gradually transformed from a traditional, single, state-led unit security system to a state-social security system led by enterprises and shared responsibilities by all parties in society and individuals, and implemented in a socialized way. As of the end of November 2014, China's "employees and urban and rural residents have participated in the pension insurance of a total of 100 million people, including 100 million employees, 100 million urban and rural residents, and 100 million people receiving benefits." At present, 100 million social security cards have been issued.

100 million people are insured by urban basic medical insurance, including 100 million people with employee medical insurance, 100 million people with residents' medical insurance, and 100 million people insured by the New Rural Cooperative Medical System, covering more than 1.3 billion people in total, and more than 95% of the urban and rural population have basic medical insurance." China has successfully built the world's largest social security network, covering the largest number of people, with relatively complete types of protection and a better level of protection to meet the basic needs of the covered groups.

During the 13th Five-Year Plan period, the transformation and development of China's social security system will enter the stage of comprehensive improvement of the social security system. The development of population aging, the rapid advancement of urban-rural integration, and the emergence of urban and rural social risks in the transition period have put forward new and higher requirements for the construction of China's urban and rural social security system. Speeding up the construction and improvement of the social security system covering urban and rural areas can not only provide a strong boost for economic and social transformation and upgrading, but also truly unify the interests of the country and the people, strengthen the community of interests between the individual people and the country as a whole, further reflect the superiority of the socialist system, and promote Chinese society to move towards a common prosperity and a harmonious world.

(1) Accelerate the integration of basic living security and unemployment insurance for laid-off workers of state-owned enterprises, and (2) Implement personal accounts for pension insurance.

3) Establish a unified basic old-age insurance system for urban workers.

4) Implement the socialized distribution of pensions.

5) Do a good job in ensuring the minimum livelihood of people with special difficulties in the process of structural adjustment, (6) Simultaneously promote the three reforms of "insurance, medical care, and medicine" in accordance with the unified reform goals, and (7) Supplementary insurance should be put on the track of development as soon as possible.

8) Strengthen the comprehensive coordination and social supervision of social security.