What is the role of plastering works? What conditions are required for construction?

a) The composition of the plastering layer.

In order to make the plastering layer firmly bonded with the base layer, prevent bulging and cracking, and make the surface of the plastering layer neat, to ensure the quality of the project, the plastering layer should be applied in layers. The plastering layer is generally composed of a bottom layer, a middle layer and a top layer (also known as "overlay" or "finish". The bottom layer mainly plays the role of bonding with the base layer (matrix), the middle layer mainly plays the role of leveling, and the surface layer mainly plays the role of decoration and beautification.

The composition, function, base material and general practice of the plastering layer are shown in Table 1. Table 1 Composition, function, base material and general practice of plastering layer Layer function Base material General practice Bottom layer It is mainly used for the bonding of the base layer and plays the role of preliminary leveling. Mortar consistency of 10 20cm brick wall base Indoor walls are generally made of lime mortar, lime slag Exterior walls, outer side walls of doors and windows openings, eaves, legs, eaves walls, etc., and rooms and workshops with high humidity should use cement mortar or cement mixed mortar Concrete base layer It is advisable to brush plain cement mortar first, and use cement mortar or mixed mortar as a base High-grade decorative roof should be primed with latex cement mortar Aerated concrete base should be primed with cement mixed mortar or polymer cement mortar.

Before priming, brush the polyvinyl alcohol nail with glue solution Silicate block base should be used cement mixed mortar to base Wood slats, reed foil, metal mesh base layer It is advisable to use hemp knife ash, paper foil ash or glass wire ash to make a base, and squeeze the mortar into the gap of the base layer to strengthen the tie Smooth and smooth concrete base layer, such as large slabs, large mold wall base layer can not be plastered, and the middle layer is mainly used for leveling. The consistency of the mortar is 7 8cm, which is basically the same as the bottom layer. The brick wall is made of hemp ash or paper ash according to the construction quality requirements, which can be plastered at one time, or can be divided into surface layers, which mainly plays a decorative role.

Mortar consistency of 10cm requires a large surface to be smooth, no cracks, and uniform color The interior is generally made of hemp knife ash, paper bar ash, and glass wire ash; High-grade wall cladding with gypsum mortar and water sand finish. Decorative plastering is made of brushed ash, strip ash, sweeping ash, etc. Expanded perlite lime for thermal insulation and insulating walls Cement mortar, brushed stone, dry clay stone, etc. are commonly used outdoors (2) The selection of plastering layer mortar The mortar varieties used in plastering finishes should generally be selected according to the design requirements.

If there are no design requirements, the following provisions shall be met: (1) Cement mortar or cement mixed mortar shall be used for the exterior wall, the outer side wall of the door and window openings, the eaves, the legs, and the eaves wall. (2) Rooms and factory workshops with high humidity, with cement mortar or cement mixed mortar.

3) Plastering of the bottom layer of concrete slabs and walls, mixed mortar with cement or cement mortar. (4) The bottom layer of the silicate block is plastered, and the mortar is mixed with cement. (5) Plastering of the bottom and middle layers of slats, metal mesh ceilings and walls, with hemp knife lime mortar or paper tendon lime mortar.

6) The bottom layer of aerated concrete blocks and slabs is plastered, and cement mixed mortar or polymer cement mortar is used (the base layer should be specially treated, and the base layer should be closed with 107 glue first).

I'll still tell you in layman's terms, plastering is to make the originally rough and uneven wall flat and vertical, which is conducive to decoration on it. However, now like Vanke concrete using aluminum mold, filling wall using PC components without plastering the surface is also smooth and flat, now the construction industry is slowly implementing this, after all, plastering is a very cumbersome process, it is easy to hollow the surface.

As for the conditions required for construction, the wall has been masonry, and then the wall has been slurred and brushed, and it needs to be moistened one day in advance, and the brick wall is hung with steel wire mesh at the position of the shear wall. Cement mortar is generally used.

What is a plastering project? When it comes to building plastering projects, how about the construction of basic projects in China's construction industry? What is the basic overview? Zhongda Consulting combs the relevant content of the plastering project, and the basic overview is as follows:

What is a plastering project?

Plastering project is a traditional method of decoration engineering that uses mortar to apply to the walls, floors, ceilings, and surfaces of house buildings. In some parts of the country, it is customary to call it "whitewash" or "whitewash".

Plastering engineering construction process:

Construction process. Base treatment, watering treatment, plastering cake, wall reinforcement, layered plastering, setting lattice joints, protecting the finished product.

Grassroots treatment. Cleaning of the base layer Before plastering, the dust, dirt, oil stains, etc. on the surface of the base should be cleaned up, and should be sprinkled with water to moisten the tomb or.

Strengthening measures for unconventional plastering: When the total thickness of the plastering is 35mm, strengthening measures should be taken. The plastering on the surface of the junction of different material matrices should be strengthened to prevent cracking.

When the reinforcing mesh is adopted, the lap width of the reinforcing mesh and each substrate is not less than 100mmThe reinforcing net should be tightened and nailed firmly.

Detail treatment Before the construction of the exterior wall plastering project, steel and wood door and window frames, guardrails, etc. should be installed, and the construction holes on the wall should be plugged and compacted. The yin and yang angles of the interior walls, pillars and door openings should meet the design requirements. When the design is not required, 1:

2. The cement mortar is used as a dark corner protector, and its height should not be less than 2m, and the width of each side should not be less than 50mm

Watering moist. Generally, the day before plastering, water with a hose or watering can along the wall from top to bottom. Watering is carried out in stages, and it is advisable to make the wall moist and not leaking.

Hang vertically, set squares, find rules, and make ash cakes.

The wall is reinforced. When the mortar of the ash cake reaches seven or eight into dry, it can be filled with the same mortar as the plastering layer, the number of reinforcements is determined according to the width and height of the room, the width of the general ruler is 50mm, the spacing between the two ribs is not greater than when the height of the wall is less than the vertical ribs, greater than, should be done transverse ribs, and the spacing of the ash cake should not be greater than 2m when the transverse reinforcement is done

Layered plastering. Set up the lattice seam.

Protecting the finished product is generally cured after plastering for 24 hours.

What are the requirements for the materials used in plastering are as follows:

1. Cement: ordinary cement, slag cement, pozzolana cement or fly ash cement should be used for general plastering; Decorative plastering should be made of Portland cement or ordinary cement. The cement strength grade is not less than. Expired cement cannot be used. Colored plastering should be applied with white cement.

2. Lime paste: when sprayed with block quicklime, it must be filtered with a sieve with a pore size of no more than 3mmxhnm. The curing time is not less than 15d at room temperature, and not less than 30d when used for covering. The lime paste shall not contain unripened leopard particles and other sundries.

3. sand; It is advisable to use medium sand, and the sand should be sieved and should not contain sundries.

4. Stones: The specifications and varieties of stones should meet the design requirements, and the stones should be light-resistant and hard, and must be rinsed before use. The stone grains used for dry clay stone should be dry.

5. Expanded perlite: it is advisable to use a mixed gradation of intermediate coarse and fine particle size, and the bulk density should be 80 150kg m3.

6. Clay: Clay clay should be selected, clean, not reluctant to have impurities, and soaked with water.

7. Slag: The slag should be cleaned, sieved to remove impurities, its particle size is not more than 3mm, and water should be added to simmer the round skin.

8. Paper tendons: Paper tendons should be soaked, pounded and cleaned with water; The cover should be ground fine with paper ribs.

9. Hemp knife: The hemp knife should be tough, dry, and not impurities, and its length should not be greater than 30mm.

10. Pigments: apply cavity-rotten alkali-resistant and light-resistant pigments.

The function of middle and bottom layer plastering: mainly to make the surface of the object surface smooth.

The plastering layer is often divided into non-stop holes and structural layers, generally divided into bottom, middle and surface layers. The bottom layer is mainly the preliminary leveling of the object surface; The middle layer is mainly to make the surface of the object surface flat; The surface layer plays the role of artistic decoration. The role of each layer is different, the material used and its mix ratio are not the same, and the different plastering materials should be applied in layers.

The operation should be plastered first, and then the plaster should be smeared. When plastering the cake, the correct position of the ash cake should be determined according to the indoor plastering requirements, and then the vertical and flat should be found with the ruler board. Ash cake should be used 1:

3 cement mortar, after wiping with a large bar to scrape flat, wood wipe and rub hair, the next day at room temperature with 1:2 5 cement mortar plastering surface layer and calendering, wipe the skirting or wall skirt thickness should meet the design requirements, no design requirements when protruding from the wall 5 7mm is appropriate. Where the plastering wall skirting or wall skirt on the L51 must ensure smooth and straight, the skirting or wall plastering will be attached to the ruler on the large surface and the upper mouth level, and then use a small trowel to smooth the upper VL calender, the edges and corners of the protruding wall should be made obtuse, and no stubble and flying edges should appear.

The first step is to erect a figure-of-eight ruler on the front of the yang angle, and the ruler protrudes the side of the yang angle, highlighting the thickness and the flat surface of the living plaster. Then on the side of the sunny corner, rely on the ruler edge to wipe the cement mortar, and smooth it with an iron trowel, and remove the excess cement mortar according to the width of the corner protection (not less than 5cm). The second step is to wait for the cement mortar to dry slightly, move the eight-figure ruler to the plastered corner protection surface (the eight-figure slope is outward).

The brick joints are deep, moistened with water, and then paved with l:2:3 bean stone concrete, the thickness should be greater than 2, and the adhesive cement is brushed the next day, and then wiped l:

1. Preparation for construction.

a) Operating conditions.

1. The main structure of the ash part of the project has been jointly accepted and signed by the relevant units (such as construction, design, supervision, construction units, etc.). The door and window frames and the pipelines that need to be embedded have been installed and passed the inspection and acceptance.

2. The scaffold for plastering should be set up first, and the frame should be 200 250mm away from the wall, and the scaffold board should be erected to prevent ash from falling on the ground and causing waste.

3. Chisel the protruding parts of the concrete wall and other surfaces, chisel the honeycomb, hemp surface, exposed ribs, loose parts, etc., and use cement mortar to level them in layers, and remove the exposed steel bars and lead wires.

4. For brick walls, they should be watered and soaked the day before plastering. For aerated concrete block walls, because of their slow water absorption, they should be watered two days in advance, and more than twice a day.

2) Material requirements.

1. Cement: grade and above ordinary Portland cement or slag Portland cement.

2. Sand: medium sand, the average particle size is.

3) Construction equipment.

Mortar mixer, paper bar ash mixer, scale, 5mm sieve, narrow trolley, iron plate, shovel, flat shovel, large bucket, ash trough, rubber tube, water spoon, ash spoon, small bucket, watering can, plaster board, wooden trowel, iron trowel, yin (yang) angle trowel, plastic trowel, big bar, middle bar, 2m ruler board, supporting board, eight-character ruler, 5 7mm thick square mouth ruler, soft scraping ruler, square ruler, iron level, box ruler, wire brush, long hair brush, chicken leg brush, broom, powder line bag, small white line, chisel, hammer, pliers, nails, rebar clips, wire pendants, rubber shoes, tool bags, etc.

Technical requirements: 1 base treatment: hanging straight, sleeve, pier, wall punching, plastering bottom layer ash and middle layer ash and other processes are basically the same as the wall plastering paper bar mortar, but the bottom ash and middle layer ash are smeared with cement mortar or cement mixed mortar, and rubbed flat with a grinding plate. Before the mortar sets, the surface is swept with a broom or crossed with a steel trowel at intervals to draw diagonal lines.

2. Wipe the surface layer of cement mortar: the next day after the middle layer of mortar is wiped, the surface layer is wiped with cement mortar or cement mixed slurry according to the design requirements, with a thickness of 5 8mm. When operating, the wall is first wetted, and then scraped with mortar to make it stick firmly with the middle layer of ash, followed by the second time to achieve the required thickness, scraped flat with a pressure ruler to wait for it to be closed, and compacted and calendered with an ash spoon.

In order to prevent the appearance of wall flowers, attention should be paid to the mix ratio of materials during the construction process, and the water-cement ratio should not be too large, and the water-cement ratio should be controlled according to the disclosure.

3. Large-area exterior wall plastering construction, before the construction must be hung first, four large corners and a length greater than 6m of large walls, uneven places are chiseled first, and the horizontal direction is also required to hang through the line, in each floor to divide the joints, to prevent the shrinkage cracks of the exterior wall plastering (the gap between the external window frame and the wall must be filled before the large-scale plastering to prevent hollowing and water seepage). When plastering the surface, the force should be consistent, and the trowel should be wiped in an arc first, and then pulled up and down, requiring the same direction, so that it is not easy to leave a trowel.