What is natural gas converted from 20

In a broad sense, it is a general term for gases that are naturally formed in formations. However, the so-called natural gas usually refers to a hydrocarbon-rich combustible gas stored in the deeper part of the formation, while natural gas that coexists with oil is often called oilfield associated gas. Natural gas is converted from organic matter hundreds of millions of years ago, and the main component is methane, in addition, according to different geological formation conditions, it also contains different amounts of low-carbon alkanes such as ethane, propane, butane, pentane, hexane, and non-hydrocarbon substances such as carbon dioxide, nitrogen, hydrogen, sulfides, etc.; Some gas fields also contain helium.

Natural gas is an important energy source that is widely used as city gas and industrial fuel; In the 70s, natural gas accounted for about 18 19 of the world's energy consumption. Natural gas is also an important chemical raw material. The main distribution areas in the world:

Former Soviet Union, Middle East, North Africa, United States, Western Europe, etc. China's natural gas fields are mainly distributed in Sichuan, Liaoning, Heilongjiang, Shandong, Taiwan and the continental shelf along the coast.

Natural gas has the following main uses:

Natural gas power generation has an effective way to alleviate energy shortage, reduce the proportion of coal-fired power generation, and reduce environmental pollution.

Natural gas is the best raw material for the manufacture of nitrogen fertilizer, which has the characteristics of low investment, low cost and less pollution. Natural gas accounts for about 80% of the raw materials for nitrogen fertilizer production on average in the world.

City gas business, especially residential fuels. With the improvement of people's living standards and the enhancement of environmental awareness, the demand for natural gas in most cities has increased significantly. The economic benefits of natural gas as a domestic fuel are also greater than those of industrial fuels.

Compressed natural gas vehicles, which replace automobile oil with natural gas, have the advantages of low quality, less pollution and safety.

Natural gas was once regarded as one of the cleanest energy sources, coupled with the Gulf crisis in the Middle East in 1990, deepening the determination of the United States and major oil-consuming countries to develop alternative energy sources, so the demand for natural gas will naturally increase before the invention of real alternative energy.

Submarine oil and gas are twin brothers. Natural gas is formed in a much similar way to petroleum (which is a liquid rather than a gaseous hydrocarbon). It is the result of a complex decomposition process of organic matter over hundreds of years.

At 1,000-3,000 meters above the surface, oil, methane, and carbon dioxide are formed in tightly impermeable sedimentary rocks such as clay and limestone. The resulting light gas will move upwards and may be left in properly structured rock formations as it passes through porous and permeable storage zones such as sand and gravel, although natural gas can also exist alone, however, oil and gas are usually found at the same time.

The main component of natural gas is methane (CH4), also known as biogas. The formation process is complex.

Natural gas, like coal and oil, is a mineral resource that can be exploited directly. The main ingredient is methane.

There are three reasons why natural gas is formed:

1. Biological causes are formed, during diagenesis below the surface, a lot of organic matter is deposited in the shallow layer, and natural gas of biological causes is formed through the fermentation and synthesis of microbial communities, which is buried at a relatively shallow depth, and the era is relatively new, and the degree of evolution is relatively low.

2. Natural gas of organic causes, the gases generated by organic causes include oil-type gas and coal-type gas, which are mainly formed in the process of thermal degradation through the deposition of organic substances.

3. Natural gas with inorganic causes: natural gas of inorganic causes is formed by the nuclear fusion of elements on the earth through nuclear fusion like the sun, and when the carbon element reacts with the hydrogen element in the original atmosphere due to the nuclear fusion of lighter elements.

Development status

In the 70s, natural gas accounted for about 18 19 of the world's energy consumption.

From 2006 to 2010, China's remaining technical recoverable reserves of natural gas increased from trillion cubic meters to trillion cubic meters, an increase; Natural gas production increased by 65% from 58.6 billion cubic meters to 96.8 billion cubic meters.

From January to October 2011, China's natural gas production reached 82.6 billion cubic meters, a year-on-year increase. Despite the significant increase in reserves and production, it is still unable to meet the consumption demand of the domestic natural gas market.

The growth rate of natural gas is not as fast as the growth rate of consumption, and the imbalance between domestic natural gas supply and demand has led to the continuous rise of China's natural gas imports. From January to October 2011, China imported about 25 billion cubic meters of natural gas, a year-on-year increase of nearly 1 times.

"Natural gas is a gaseous hydrocarbon produced by paleontological remains deposited underground for a long time, through slow transformation and metamorphic cracking, which is flammable, and is mostly accompanied by oil field exploitation or pure natural gas fields, and a small amount comes from coal seams. After the combustion of natural gas, there is no waste residue and waste water, which has the advantages of safe use, high calorific value and clean compared with coal, oil and other energy sources. ”

1. Natural gas is a gaseous hydrocarbon produced by paleontological remains deposited underground for a long time, through slow transformation and metamorphic cracking, which is flammable and mostly accompanied by oil field exploitation.

2. The commercial production of natural gas mainly comes from oil fields and natural gas fields. Natural gas and oil often coexist in the same rock formations, and natural gas can be drawn from the well. In addition, natural gas is also present in coal mines, Devonian shale, ground pressure brine, and tightly structured sandstones.

However, the cost of extracting natural gas from it is high, and the development of related technologies is slow.

3. Biogas will be produced when organic matter such as plants, garbage, sewage and animal excrement is fermented, which is similar to natural gas.

Natural gas, like oil, is an important fuel and chemical feedstock. One is a gas and the other is a liquid. People call them "oil and gas".

Natural gas and oil are usually buried together, with light gas on top and heavy oil below. This natural gas is known as "oilfield associated gas". Of course, natural gas can also exist on its own, which is called a "gas field".

Oil, natural gas, and coal are all valuable energy sources buried in the ground.

In ancient times, trees flourished on the ground and in various fauna. Due to changes in the environment and the earth's crust, these organisms deposit together with the sediment in lakes and oceans, forming a bottom silt that eventually becomes thicker and thicker, isolating the silt from the air and preventing it from decaying under the action of oxygen.

The temperature of the formation is very high and the pressure is very high. Coupled with the decomposition of bacteria, these biological remains can eventually turn into oil or gas.

The difference between oil and gas is mainly due to the different bacteria that are involved in decomposition activities in the formation. The bacteria that form oil are called "sulfur bacteria" and "oil bacteria"; The bacteria that form natural gas are called "anaerobic bacteria".

Natural gas is stored in the lower part of the earth's surface, when some organic substances are deposited for many years, when they meet with microbial communities, they will produce fermentation and synthesis, thus producing natural gas, the formation of natural gas takes a long time, and when it is formed, the requirements for the environment are also very high, that is to say, natural gas is a relatively scarce and scarce resource.

There are 5 major components in natural gas, which are 85% methane, 9% ethane, 3% propane, 2% nitrogen, and 1% butane.

Among the many fuels, natural gas is the most economical and high-quality energy, and natural gas will not pollute the air, in addition, the oxygen consumption of natural gas is relatively low, a cubic meter of natural gas needs 2 cubic meters of oxygen, and the air required is 10 cubic meters.

Natural gas refers to a class of flammable gases existing in nature, which is a fossil fuel, including gases formed by various natural processes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere, and lithosphere (including oilfield gas, gas field gas, mud volcanic gas, coalbed methane, and biogenerated gas, etc.).

Natural gas is contained in underground porous rock formations, including oilfield gas, gas field gas, coalbed methane, mud volcanic gas and biogenerated gas, and a small amount also comes from coal seams. It is a high-quality fuel and chemical feedstock.

Natural gas takes a long time to form, and natural gas is also a resource with weak regeneration ability, and the environmental factors in the process of formation are very important, so the formation of natural gas requires certain climatic and environmental conditions.

There are two theories (theories): organic and inorganic. Inorganic theory is more complicated, so I won't introduce it.

Organic: Organisms (animal carcasses and lodging plants) millions of years ago to hundreds of millions of years ago were buried in the silt of the sea and lake. And as the sediment on it increases year by year, these organisms are gradually exposed to high temperatures and pressures, and are slowly squeezed together, forming what we now call fossil fuels coal, oil, and gas.

The main difference between them is that the "raw material" of coal is plants and is relatively shallowly buried, while the "raw material" of oil and gas is both animal and plant and moreover, buried relatively deeply. The difference between natural gas and oil is: after the formation, it continues to maintain a higher ventu or pressure, and yes, the gasification of the natural gas is formed.

Natural gas, like oil, is formed by the deposition of millions of years old animal and plant remains at the bottom of the water, and decomposed by bacteria in isolation from the air. Natural gas is often associated with oil, but because its main component is methane, the calorific value is almost 1 times higher than that of coal gas, so natural gas is an ideal fuel.

Natural gas is a gaseous hydrocarbon produced by paleontological remains and sediment deposited in lakes and oceans for a long time, isolated from the air, avoiding decay by the action of oxygen and underground high temperature and pressure, coupled with the decomposition of bacteria, after a long period of transformation and metamorphic cracking.

Natural gas is a flammable gas such as methane, ethane, acetylene and other combustible gases produced by a series of reactions between animal and plant carcasses and feces buried in the ground after geological changes. The process of formation is complex ......