Where is the most polluted marine in recent incidents?

In the Pacific Ocean, there is a huge "garbage island", the size of two Texas in the United States!

The huge garbage island, which floats in the vast waters between San Francisco and Hawaii, is mostly made up of household waste, 80% of which is discarded plastic and weighs 3.5 million tons, according to the United States**. Scientists believe that discarded plastic bags enter the ocean through sewers, where moving currents gather them together to form the massive "garbage island."

According to the environmental group Ocean Protection, the Pacific junk islands pose a serious threat to birds and marine life. Turtles mistakenly swallowed white plastic bags for jellyfish, and birds flew in to swallow indigestible plastic pieces, only to die from their stomachs filled with plastic bags. Greenpeace reported that they found at least 267 species of marine life suffering from ingestion or entanglement in marine debris.

Experts say it will cost billions of dollars to clean up the marine garbage site, and no country will step up to the task.

Red tides in seawater often occur in the coastal waters of our country.

Last year, there was an oil spill from a British offshore oil well near Mexico.

The sinking of an oil tanker on the Pearl River in China.

All of them cause serious marine pollution.

And the pollution that is very difficult to see is the deterioration of the marine environment, like the loss of corals off the coast of China, which is mainly caused by the pollution of the seawater.

1. The Gulf of Mexico, surrounded by the United States, Mexico and Cuba, is the most polluted ocean in the world. The water here is highly polluted with nitrogen and phosphorus from American agriculture, and the oxygen content is very low, making it difficult for fish to survive here.

2. The North Atlantic Ocean is also highly polluted. In the North Atlantic, in the northern Caribbean Sea, there is a huge garbage dump that covers hundreds of square kilometers and contains more than 200,000 pieces of plastic per square kilometer, which is as dense as the Pacific garbage dump. It was first discovered in 1972 and has been growing ever since.

3. The Indian Ocean, according to data from the Indian Ocean Experiment (INDOEX) project, the Indian Ocean is polluted over an area of nearly 4 million square miles. Scientists also claim that tropical storms are becoming more common in the Arabian Sea, part of the Indian Ocean, as a result of this pollution. In 2010, a huge dump filled with plastic and chemical residues was also discovered in the Indian Ocean, which is now classified as the third largest marine dump in the world.

4. Mediterranean, every year, many people around the world go to the Mediterranean coast to soak up the sun on the beach. According to the United Nations Environment Programme, 100 million tonnes of sewage and a total of 230,000 tonnes of mineral oil, mercury, lead and phosphate are discharged into the Mediterranean Sea every year.

5. The Baltic Sea, located between Northern Europe and Central Europe, has become one of the most polluted oceans on earth. Due to the long-term dumping of industrial and agricultural waste, eutrophication, heavy sea traffic and overfishing, this semi-enclosed sea is becoming more and more polluted, and the concentration of poisons in the sea is quite high, and Greenpeace has warned pregnant women not to eat fish from the Baltic Sea.

6. Caribbean Sea, the Caribbean Sea is also another place in the world known for its beautiful beaches, but it is also recognized as one of the most polluted areas in the world. This area is one of the most oil-producing regions in the world, producing about 170 million tonnes per year**, so spills are frequent. Moreover, WHO estimates that more than 80 per cent of wastewater from neighbouring countries is discharged directly into the ocean without proper treatment.

As many as 40% of the world's oceans are considered to be "severely impacted" by human activities, including pollution, fisheries depletion, and coastal habitat loss. According to the United Nations, plastic pollution alone is estimated to contain at least 8 million tonnes of plastic products into the ocean every year, equivalent to an average of one truckload of plastic waste being dumped into the sea every second, with a serious impact on marine life, fisheries, and tourism.

The increasing pollution of the sea has directly threatened the survival and reproduction of marine life, and many marine life has been on the verge of extinction and has been crying out for help to mankind. According to some sources, it takes 5 to 7 years for organisms in the sea area to reproduce after oil pollution. One kilogram of oil is completely oxidized, which requires the consumption of 400,000 liters of dissolved oxygen in seawater.

This will cause the lack of oxygen in the seawater, which will lead to the suffocation and death of marine life. At the same time, when the oil leaks to the surface of the sea, a photooxidation reaction will occur a few hours later, and the peroxides generated, such as quinones, ketones, alcohols, phenols, carboxyls, acids and sulfur oxides, are very toxic to marine life. On the other hand, oil night can easily block the respiratory organs of sea beasts and fish, and can also suffocate sea beasts and fish.

According to studies, when the concentration of oil in seawater is milligrams, the deformity rate of hatched fish is 25% to 40%; When the oil concentration of seawater is 1 mg, the larvae of sea shrimp can die within 24 hours1 2;Seawater containing 1 of diesel emulsion can completely prevent the photosynthesis of seaweed seedlings. Oil pollution also affects the genetic organs of fish in the ocean, causing fish to reproduce smaller and smaller offspring.

Under the dual hazards of marine pollution and indiscriminate fishing, marine biological resources are gradually decreasing. According to a report by the Food and Agriculture Organization of the United Nations, catches in the world's most abundant fisheries have been declining for more than 20 years. At present, 60 per cent of the 200 marine fish stocks are overcaught or declining.

The world's marine fishery resources are in danger of depletion, with 25% of fishing grounds destroyed and 13 of the world's 17 major fisheries facing difficulties. Some species are on the verge of extinction. There are only 15 precious orchid whales left, more than 1,000 fin whales, and the most beloved gray whale is almost extinct.

The number of dolphins, walruses and seals is also declining. The 3-tonne, vulnerable and seagrass-dependent manatee became extinct in a few years after it was discovered in 1741 due to massive human capture. In recent years, giant whales have been found to commit mass suicide, a large number of seabirds have died, and 30 species of seabirds are threatened with extinction.

Due to the high level of pollution in the Mediterranean, plankton and plants, as well as the animals that feed on them, have become extinct in many areas. A French marine environmental protection expert exclaimed: If urgent measures are not taken to stop pollution, all life in the Mediterranean will die in 30 years.

In the North Sea, thousands of dead birds, dead fish and tar pitch blocks wash up on beaches every day with the tide. In 1986, the Black Sea was 900,000 tonnes of fish, and 10 years later it was only 100,000 tonnes. Forty percent of the fish caught from the sea to 50 suffer from "environmental diseases".

Forty percent of butterflyfish and flounder caught in 1985 suffered from liver cancer, some also suffered from ulcer disease, and the mercury and lead levels in their bodies were four times higher than normal.

1.Eutrophication of local sea waters.

2.The transition from sea to land has led to a sharp decline in biodiversity.

3.Toxins produced after the death of marine organisms poison the human body through the food chain.

4.Destroy the environmental quality of the seaside tourist attraction and lose its due value.