What is the difference between academic and professional?

Both academic and professional types are a type of postgraduate entrance examination.

1. Academic degrees are set up according to disciplines, which are academic research-oriented, focus on theory and research, and train university teachers and researchers in scientific research institutions; The professional degree is oriented to professional practice, attaches importance to practice and application, and cultivates high-level talents who have received formal and high-level training in professional and specialized technology.

2. The outstanding feature of professional degree education is that academic and vocational are closely combined, and those who obtain professional degrees are not mainly engaged in academic research, but engaged in work with obvious professional background; The academic master's degree is mainly used for further academic research.

3. Academic and professional master's degrees are different in terms of teaching methods, teaching content, standards and requirements for awarding degrees.

Those who can go to academia go to academics, and the professional society is not very recognized, just like junior college and undergraduate. After graduating from the major, it is like being a thief, for fear that others will find out that you are different from other graduate students. The two of us in the dormitory are professional, and I have a deep understanding of it, so I am afraid that others will see through it.

It's like going to a junior college. The state explains the difference between undergraduate and junior college in much the same way it explains academics and engineering. In fact, it is something that the state has come up with in order to expand enrollment and save educational resources, and the engineering has not embodied anything in practice, that is, it can graduate without publishing articles, and it is one year less than the academic one.

So, if you look carefully at academics, for example, chemistry is called chemical engineering and technical engineering, and chemical engineering is called chemical engineering, and there is less technology. So, obviously.

The academic type is what we usually know as a master's degree, which is mainly based on scientific research; Some schools for professional types are two years, one year less than academic ones, and are mainly practice-oriented. There is also the academic type that can be directly studied for a doctorate, and the professional type cannot be for the time being, but it seems that it will also be launched.

The academic type does not pay tuition, but the professional type does.

1. The purpose of training is different.

The training goal of the academic degree is to be discipline-based, research-oriented, with a focus on theory and research, and to train university teachers and researchers in scientific research institutions. The training goal of the professional degree is to be guided by professional practice, attach importance to vocational practice and application, and cultivate high-level talents who have received formal and high-level training in professional and specialized technology.

2. Different employment channels.

Academic master's degree graduates generally find employment as university teachers and researchers in scientific research institutions. The employment channels of professional master's degrees are jobs with obvious professional backgrounds, such as engineers, architects, doctors, teachers, lawyers, accountants, forestry, art majors, etc.

3. The type of degree is different.

An academic master's degree certificate issued upon graduation. A professional master's degree certificate issued upon graduation of a professional master's degree.

4. The enrollment conditions are different.

For academic master's degrees, applicants are not required to have a certain number of years of work experience. Some majors for professional master's degrees require a certain number of years of work experience.

First, the training goals are different.

1. The outstanding feature of professional master's education is that academic and vocational are closely combined, and those who have obtained professional degrees are not mainly engaged in academic research, but engaged in jobs with obvious professional backgrounds, such as engineers, physicians, teachers, lawyers, accountants, etc.

2. The academic master's degree is set up according to the discipline, which is academic research-oriented, focuses on theory and research, and trains university teachers and researchers in scientific research institutions.

Second, the cultivation methods are different.

1. The curriculum of the academic degree focuses on strengthening the study of basic theories, and focuses on cultivating students' ability and quality to engage in scientific research and innovation.

2. The professional degree curriculum is oriented to practical application, with vocational needs as the goal, and the improvement of comprehensive literacy and applied knowledge and ability as the core.

The teaching content emphasizes the organic combination of theoretical and applied courses, and highlights case analysis and practical research. The teaching process attaches importance to the use of team learning, case analysis, on-site research, simulation training and other methods. It focuses on cultivating students' awareness and ability to study practical problems.

3. The enrollment majors are different.

1. Professional master's degree, the enrollment of majors is more targeted, including finance, applied statistics, taxation, international business, insurance, asset valuation, auditing, law, social work, police, education, physical education, teaching Chinese to speakers of other languages, applied psychology, translation, journalism and communication, publishing, cultural relics and museums, etc., a total of 40 majors.

2. Academic master's degree, including philosophy, economics, law, education, literature, history, science, engineering, agriculture, medicine, military science, management, art 13 disciplines, and its subordinate first-level disciplines and second-level disciplines, covering all professional directions.

The differences between academic graduate students and professional degree graduate students are:

1. The difference in training direction.

Academic postgraduate education focuses on cultivating teaching and scientific research talents, and the types of degrees awarded are mainly academic degrees. On the other hand, professional degree students focus on practical ability and are set up to train high-level professionals in specific occupations.

2. Differences in enrollment conditions.

There are two types of professional degree graduates: one situation requires applicants to have a certain number of years of work experience, for example, some professional masters require in-service personnel to apply for the examination, which requires the consent of the unit or the corresponding management department, and some even require the recommendation of the unit; On the other hand, as with academic graduate students, there is no requirement for work experience.

3. Differences in learning styles.

Academic postgraduate students are full-time students, and the duration of study is generally 3 years; Professional degree students are divided into full-time study and part-time study, with a duration of 2-3 years.

4. The difference in study fees.

Since the fall semester of 2014, the Ministry of Education has stipulated that the fee system for master's education in major colleges and universities has begun. The tuition fee for academic graduate students is generally 8,000 yuan per year, which varies from major to major. The tuition fee for professional master's degree generally ranges from 10,000 yuan per year, and the tuition fee for professional master's degree varies greatly according to different professional categories, and the tuition fee for MBA is more than ten or even hundreds of thousands of yuan.

Difference 1: Cultivation goals.

Professional degree graduates: practice-oriented, focusing on the organic combination of theory and practice, focusing on cultivating high-level talents who have received formal training in specialized technology. After graduation, trainees will work in jobs with professional backgrounds, such as lawyers, physicians, accountants, etc.

Academic Graduate Students: Established by discipline, they are academic research-oriented, focusing on theoretical research, and are mainly used to train university teachers and researchers in scientific research institutions in the country.

Difference 2: Enrollment majors.

Professional degree graduates: The enrollment majors are more targeted, including 40 majors such as finance, applied statistics, taxation, international business, insurance, asset valuation, auditing, etc.

Academic graduate students: The enrollment hall has a complete range of majors, including 13 categories such as education, economics, philosophy, and its secondary disciplines, basically covering all professional directions.

Difference 3: Application conditions.

Professional degree graduates: Some majors have the same application conditions as academic graduate students, but some management majors require undergraduates to have 3 years of work experience, junior college students to have 5 years of work experience, and those who have obtained master's and doctoral degrees have 2 years of work experience.

Academic graduate students: Tong Zao needs to have a bachelor's degree recognized by the state, college degree for 2 years, undergraduate graduates and master's and doctoral degree holders can apply for the examination as undergraduates.

Difference 4: Mentor system.

Professional degree graduates: the implementation of a single tutor system, the tutor is responsible for the student's course learning, writing guidance and defense application and other links.

Academic graduate students: The dual tutor system is implemented, with two tutors on campus and outside the university, the tutor on campus is mainly responsible for teaching theoretical knowledge and academic guidance, while the tutor outside the school cultivates skills and guides practice.

Difference 5: Course duration.

Professional degree graduates: the duration of study is generally 2-3 years, some institutions take into account the actual situation of on-the-job learning of students, and allow those who have not completed their studies within the specified time to apply for an extension of the study period, and the maximum study time is not more than 5 years.

Academic Graduate Students: The duration of study is generally 3 years, and you need to complete the study tasks within the specified time.