What materials need to be provided in the site laboratory when measuring bridges

The required instruments are as follows:

Standard sieve, shake sieve machine, density meter, electronic balance, oven, photoelectric liquid-plastic limit combined tester, automatic compaction instrument, demoulator, CBR test device (pavement material strength meter or other load device), pycnometer, lever pressure meter, bearing plate and force measuring device, surface vibration compactor, triaxial instrument, free expansion rate measurement device, high temperature furnace, analytical balance, gauge instrument, vernier caliper, crushing value tester, press, Los Angeles abrasion machine, accelerated grinding machine, pendulum friction coefficient tester, sand equivalent meter, Lee's pycnometer, fine aggregate angular tester, impeller mixer, length gauge and accessories, stress ring and test device, electric stone cutter, vernier caliper, grinding wheel grinding machine, low temperature test chamber, pumping equipment, blaine air permeability, air permeability specific surface area meter, cement slurry mixer, standard Favica instrument, boiling box, Ray's clamp, mortar mixer, vibrating table, standard constant temperature and humidity curing box, electric bending tester, constant stress press, setting time tester, cement mortar fluidity tester, high temperature furnace, Titration device, standard curing room, cement concrete mixer, shaking table, press (material testing machine), flexural test fixture, dial gauge, slump cylinder, air content tester, concrete penetration resistance meter, concrete permeability meter, volume cylinder, splitting test fixture, freeze-thaw testing machine, concrete dynamic elastic modulus tester, concrete abrasion testing machine, cement mortar mixer, cement mortar consistency meter, cement mortar stratification meter, dry shrinkage curing box, specific length meter, acidity meter, analytical balance, titration equipment, oven, Presses, Concrete Penetration Resistance Meter, Gas Content Tester, Anode Polarization Meter or Steel Corrosion Measuring Instrument, Automatic Compaction Instrument, Press, Pavement Material Strength Meter, Mold Remover, Standard Curing Room, Titration Equipment, Electronic Balance, Negative Pressure Sieve Analyzer, Oven, Electric Furnace, Analytical Balance, High Temperature Furnace, Blaine Air Permeability, Pycnometer, Analytical Balance, Automatic Penetration Meter, Constant Temperature Sink, Oven, Low Temperature Ductility Meter, Softening Point Meter, Flash Point Meter, Film Oven, Electronic Balance, Rotary Film Oven, Wax Content Tester, Vacuum decompression capillary viscometer, stopwatch, Brinell rotational viscometer, capillary viscometer, vacuum pump, Engela viscometer, viscotoughness tester, filter sieve (, electrode plate, asphalt milk.

The tests that need to be done in bridge engineering generally are: foundation test, raw material test, concrete test, bridge tension test and bridge load test.

Bridge engineering refers to the work process of bridge survey, design, construction, maintenance and verification, as well as the science and engineering technology that studies this process, and it is a branch of civil engineering. The development of bridge engineering is mainly determined by the need for transportation.

Technical aspects: bridge engineering mainly studies the design of bridge crossings, determines the bridge aperture diameter, considers the navigation and route requirements to determine the height of the bridge deck, considers the substrate is not scoured or frost heave to determine the foundation embedding depth, and designs diversion buildings; bridge scheme design; bridge structure design; bridge construction; bridge certification; bridge test; bridge maintenance, etc.

Materials: In terms of bridge construction materials, the main basis for selection is high strength, light weight and low cost, and the development of traditional steel and concrete is still the main way to improve its strength and durability.

Construction: In terms of bridge construction, the construction organization will make full use of electronic computers for cost-effective management. In the construction technology, new technologies and high-efficiency, high-function machinery and equipment will be continuously introduced to improve quality, shorten the construction period and reduce costs.

Maintenance: In the bridge maintenance inspection, new and precise measuring instruments are used, such as the measurement of defects and elastic modulus of structural materials by acoustic measurement; Inspect the crystal structure of the steel with a hand-held metallographic camera so that it can be reinforced as soon as possible, so as to prolong the service life of the bridge.

Bridge engineering has always been under the comprehensive influence of production development and various scientific and technological progress, following the principles of applicability, safety, economy and aesthetics, and constantly moving forward.

In the early stage of raw material and mix ratio test, in the construction of raw material sampling and concrete performance testing, pile foundation mud testing, pile foundation integrity testing, steel, steel hinge line testing, bridge support testing, grouting mix ratio and testing, etc.

First of all, the raw material inspection, after passing the mix design, the raw material sampling inspection during the construction, and the strength testing of each sub-project.

The bearing capacity of the foundation in the early stage The mix ratio of different strengths of the whole line (if the concrete of the mixing plant does not need to be done), the raw materials of the steel bars, the batch detection of weldments, the standard maintenance of concrete and the test block under the same conditions, and other tests depend on whether you are a large or small bridge and culvert to be specifically classified and tested differently.

The main equipment includes: steel mold (15x15x15) no less than 6 groups, universal testing machine (for pressure test block and steel bar), incubator (for curing specimens). Other Equipment:

Balances, electronic scales, trays, slump cylinders, rebound hammers, vibrators, standard sieves, etc. and other related chemicals.

There are tests for strain, displacement, and vibration.

1. Strain test. According to the linear relationship between stress and strain within a certain range, the stress is calculated by measuring the strain or other values can be extrapolated. For steel bridges, it is possible to understand the internal forces, the transmission of secondary stresses, the stress concentration state, the stress distribution of the bridge deck and its joint action with the main beam, as well as the stress state of the joint parts.

2. Displacement test. The deflection of the bridge span, lateral displacement, longitudinal displacement, horizontal displacement of pier top, and the change of concrete cracks are mainly measured.

3. Vibration test. It mainly measures the vibration characteristics (amplitude, wave shape, frequency or period, damping, etc.) of the bridge (span, pier), as well as the maximum amplitude and impact coefficient under dynamic load.

1. Experimental items: inclined plate bridge experiment a, oblique articulated plate stress characteristics experiment b, load transverse distribution experiment, rectangular section concrete beam failure experiment a, rectangular section concrete suitable reinforcement beam experiment b, rectangular section concrete super-reinforced beam experiment, beam arch bridge stress experiment a, rigid t beam stress characteristics experiment b, plate arch bridge stress characteristics experiment, bridge structure model demonstration experiment, bridge construction mode model demonstration experiment.

Wind tunnel experiments, load experiments, resonance experiments.

1.Laboratory Overview (Laboratory Formation and Parent Laboratory Overview) 2.Laboratory qualification color sweep (to meet the grade requirements).

3. Laboratory personnel ID color scanning (certificate).

4. Scope of authorization for laboratory testing projects.

5. Appointment documents of authorized signatories and related personnel of the laboratory, CMA chapter, test report chapter, opening time 6, list of laboratory equipment and personnel.

7. Scanned copy of laboratory equipment metrological verification certificate.

The qualifications and qualifications of the laboratory, whether the experimenters are certified to work, and whether the experimental instruments have passed the metrological calibration of the Technical Supervision Bureau. Whether the laboratory has passed CMA accreditation and whether it has the qualification to witness sampling tests.

1. The construction site laboratory of the construction unit shall submit an application to the supervision unit of the project within 15 working days before the start of construction.

Please temporary qualifications, the supervision unit is responsible for the preliminary examination, the formation of written opinions after reporting to the highway quality supervision station, highway quality.

The supervision station is responsible for the audit, and the certificate will be issued after the audit is passed.

2. The highway engineering construction unit site laboratory that is responsible for the audit by the highway quality supervision station shall be based on its own.

The actual situation is to submit a qualification application to the highway quality supervision station, and submit the following application materials (each in one form.

Three copies, the photocopy must be stamped with the official seal of the unit, and indicate "copied from the original" and date).

a. Highway engineering test and testing institution qualification application report (official document);

b. Application form for qualification of highway engineering testing and testing institutions;

c. Approval documents for the establishment of testing and testing institutions and CMA metrology certification certificate (including certificates and approvals.

testing items, etc., the original and copy are required to be stamped with the official seal of the unit);

d. Relevant certification materials of the person in charge of administration, technology and quality (letter of appointment, academic certificate, professional title.

Supporting documents, the original and photocopy are required to be stamped with the official seal of the unit);

e. Work system and management system;

f. Responsible for the relevant certification materials of the technical personnel of the laboratory at the site of the project (ID card, highest education.

Certificates, professional title qualification certificates, practice qualification certificates, training certificates, and letters of appointment, original documents are required.

Copy stamped with the official seal of the unit);

g. Organizational chart;

h. Work performance of test and testing institutions;

i. The review opinions of the project supervision unit.

j. Other relevant supporting materials.

1. Qualifications (including business licenses, institutions, taxes, parameters, entrustment contracts, etc., all copied and sealed).

2. According to the provincial site laboratory management measures in a set of ** fill in (including personnel, test items, instruments).

3. Compare the required purchased instruments within the scope of this contract and qualification and calibrate (generally calibrated by provincial and municipal metrology and testing).

4. Instrument placement, instrument ledger, site area, and personnel allocation are all in accordance with the provisions of the provincial site laboratory management measures.

5. After binding, it will be submitted for approval (including a copy of the qualification, a copy of the personnel certificate, a set of management measures, a set of ** filled in, instrument calibration certificate, power of attorney, letter of appointment, rules and regulations).