Does the iron cap only exist on the surface?

Not necessarily, this requires further drilling to assess the ore body grade, ore body reserves. This belongs to the secondary variation of the sulphide deposits in the exogenous deposits--- primary zone. The frontal formation of the iron cap, which is the result of changes in pyrite, which --- ferrous sulfate--- iron sulfide--- iron hydroxide--- limonite (iron cap).

The iron cap has become an important symbol of prospecting.

Iron cap refers to the cap-shaped accumulation of Fe, Mn oxide and hydroxide mainly formed on the surface of various metal sulfide deposits after being transformed by relatively thorough oxidation and weathering, and mixed with siliceous and clayey substances. It is mainly composed of hydroxides and hydrous oxides of iron, namely limonite, goethite, water hematite and other stable secondary minerals and stable primary minerals (quartz, etc.). The iron cap is an important marker in the search for various sulphide deposits.

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Iron cap gold deposits are one of the genetic types of gold deposits. In pyrite-type sulphide deposits, iron-cap-type gold deposits can be enriched in the oxide zone of the deposit, mainly in the lower part of it.

Iron cap gold deposits are a subclass of weathered crust gold deposits. Because this type of gold ore has few proven reserves in China and there are not many ore sites, it has not attracted enough attention. It can be seen from many materials that foreign countries attach great importance to the search for iron cap gold deposits, not only because of the discovery of large iron cap gold deposits, but also because of the existence of iron cap gold deposits, and the reason why many large gold deposits of various types have been discovered one after another.

I've never heard of an iron hat gold mine before, but I've checked my textbook these days and found some useful information, I hope it will help you.

Limonite is a product of epigenesis. There are various iron-bearing minerals that undergo simultaneous oxidation and hydration during weathering (hydration occurs immediately after the onset of oxidation), after which limonite is formed. When limonite is distributed in a certain area on the outcrop of the oxide zone of the metal deposit, it is called "iron cap".

Generally, according to the color, structure and trace elements and secondary minerals contained in the "iron cap", the type of deep primary ore deposit can be inferred, so the "iron cap" is a good prospecting mark.

Pyrite is one of the main gold-carrying minerals, and natural gold is often found in the crystal fissures and intercrystalline crevices of pyrite, and sometimes limonite is oxidized from pyrite.

I think the iron cap gold mine you mentioned is probably the pyrite in the gold sulfide deposit that has been weathered, oxidized and hydrated to form limonite, thus forming an "iron cap", and such a gold mine is called an "iron cap gold mine".

I'm not very familiar with mineralogy, and I may not be professional, forgive me.

You're talking about open-pit mining, right?

There should be. However, there are basically not many that are directly exposed to the ground.

There was malachite in copper mines, but there were basically no open pit mines in iron mines.

In the process of prospecting, there is such a term as "iron cap", that is, the iron ore is exposed on the surface, and the iron cap is of great significance to the mining of iron ore!

The 10 iron caps in Xinjiang, including Mengku A, Mengku B, Temurt, Hailiutan, Mengku H and Zainbulak, are located in the southern edge of the Altai Mountains in northern Xinjiang, which belongs to the arid and semi-arid low mountain and hilly landscape geochemical zone. Su 86, Selim, Gironte and Kolasayi are four iron caps in the Western Tianshan Mountains, which belongs to the arid and semi-arid alpine landscape geochemical zone.

The results of the analysis of the 10 iron cap samples are listed in the table.

Table Analysis results of 10 iron cap samples in Xinjiang.

As can be seen from the table results, only the MNO of Currentbank and Zainbrak is greater than or equal to. The phase analysis of MN shows that MN in Hailiutan is mainly in the state of manganese siderite, while MN in Zainbulak is mainly in the state of carbonate and iron combined phase. In particular, it should be noted that the CU of the Su-86, the PB of Monku A, Temurt, Monku H, and Zainbulak have all met the cut-off grade or industrial grade requirements.

Pattern recognition discriminant types are also listed in the table.

The evaluation opinions of 10 iron caps in Xinjiang are as follows: Mengku A is the iron cap of the lead-zinc sulfide deposit, Mengku B is the iron cap of the oxide mu guess iron ore body, Temur is the iron cap of the lead-zinc sulfide deposit, Hailiutan is the iron cap of the iron oxide ore body, Mengku H-1 is the iron cap of the iron oxide ore body, Mengku H-2 is the iron cap of the lead-zinc sulfide deposit, Su 86 is the iron cap of the copper ore body, and Selim, Gilente and Kolasayi are the iron caps of the fast pure iron oxide ore body and iron silicate.