What is the difference between a magnifying glass and a microscope?

Microscope heelMagnifierSimilarities: Both magnifications belong to optical magnification, and the magnification of a microscope is actually the magnification of a combination of multiple magnifying glasses.

The difference between a microscope and a magnifying glass: The magnifying glass is upright to magnify the virtual image.

The magnification is not large; The microscope eyepiece (near the eye) magnifies the virtual image upright, and the objective lens magnifies the real image upside down, and the magnification is much larger, which is the product of the magnification of the eyepiece and the objective. The magnification of the magnifying glass is low, and the conventional magnifying glass is 3 times, 5 times, 8 times, 10 times, etc., and the maximum is not more than 20 times; There are many types of microscopes, including biological, stereo (commonly known as dissecting mirrors), metallographic, and polarized.

Fluorescence, phase contrast and other microscopes, except for the stereo mirror magnification is not high, the others can reach 1000 times or 1600 times, from the magnification point of view is hundreds of times that of the magnifying glass.

Microscope view.

The magnification of the microscope is the combination of the eyepiece and the objective lens, where the objective lens magnifies the object for the first time, and then the eyepiece magnifies the image formed by the objective lens for the second time, so the magnification of the microscope is the product of the eyepiece and the objective lens. Stereo microscope.

The magnification is relatively close to that of a magnifying glass, generally 10 times, 20 times, 30 times, 40 times, and up to 75 times. Like biological microscopes, metallographic microscopes.

It is generally equipped with several objective lenses as standard, the conventional is 4 times, 10 times, 40 times, 100 times, and the eyepiece is 10 times, so the total multiples are 4 40 times, 100 times, 400 times, 1000 times.

The magnifying glass is a convex lens, and the convex lens has the function of magnifying the image of the object, and more details can be seen by observing the object with the magnifying glass. The use of microscopes allows us to clearly see cells and microorganisms, with a magnification of about 1,500 times and a resolution of microns. The magnification of the electron microscope is 1,000,000x.

Because of the lens structure of the microscope, prolonged use of the microscope can cause farsightedness of the eyes.

First, the structure is different

1. Microscope: A microscope is an optical instrument composed of a lens or a combination of several lenses. One eyepiece and one objective lens are convex lenses, so long-term use can easily cause farsightedness in the eyes.

2. Magnifying glass: The magnifying glass is a convex mirror, which is a converging lens whose focal length is much smaller than the brightness distance of the eye.

Second, the principle is different

1. Microscope: An optical microscope is mainly composed of an eyepiece, an objective lens, a stage and a reflector. Both the eyepiece and the objective lens are convex lenses with different focal lengths.

The focal length of the convex lens of the objective lens is smaller than that of the convex lens of the eyepiece. The objective lens is equivalent to the lens of the projector, and the object passes through the objective lens into an inverted and magnified real image. The eyepiece is equivalent to an ordinary magnifying glass, and the real image is formed into an upright and magnified virtual image through the eyepiece.

Objects that pass through the microscope to the human eye become inverted and magnified virtual images. Mirrors are used to reflect and illuminate the object being observed.

2. Magnifying glass: In order to see the details of tiny objects or objects clearly, it is necessary to move the object closer to the eye, which can increase the viewing angle and form a large real image on the retina. But when the object is too close to the eye, it is impossible to see clearly.

To see clearly, not only should the object be angled enough to the eye, but it should also be at an appropriate distance. For the eye, these two requirements are mutually restrictive, and a convex lens in front of the eye can solve this problem.

Third, the use of different methods

1. Microscope: When using natural light source for microscopic inspection, it is best to use a light source facing north, and direct sunlight should not be used; When using artificial light sources, it is advisable to use the light source of fluorescent lamps.

During the microscopic examination, the body should be facing the practice table, adopt a correct posture, open the eyes naturally, observe the specimen with the left eye, observe the recording and drawing with the right eye, and adjust the focus with the left hand at the same time to make the object clear and move the specimen field of vision. Right-handed recording and drawing.

2. Magnifying glass: Let the magnifying glass be close to the object to be observed, the object of observation does not move, the distance between the human eye and the object of observation remains unchanged, and then move the hand-held magnifying glass to move back and forth between the object and the human eye until the image is large and clear.

The magnification of the microscope refers to the product of the magnification of the eyepiece and the objective lens, and the magnification is the length or width of the object image For example, the magnification of the eyepiece is 10 times, the magnification of the objective lens is 40 times, and the magnification of the microscope is 10 40 400 times

There are two concepts of total magnification, one is optical magnification and the other is digital magnification (digital magnification is only involved when an imaging device is connected).

1. Optical magnification refers to the magnification of the object that we observe from the microscope eyepiece. The calculation of optical magnification is relatively simple, i.e., objective lens magnification * eyepiece magnification.

For example, the magnification of a stereo microscope is calculated, and the objective lens of a continuous zoom stereo microscope is usually magnified, so in the case of a 10x eyepiece, the total magnification of this microscope is 7-45x.

The calculation of biological microscope and metallurgical microscope is simpler, the general objective lens configuration is 4x, 10x, 40x, 100x, the conventional eyepiece configuration is 10x, and there are 16x, 20x, etc., as long as the multiplier of the eyepiece and the objective lens are multiplied respectively to get the total magnification.

2 Digital magnification.

Digital magnification refers to the magnification displayed on the image after the external device is connected, and the current market is mostly to use a trinocular microscope, which is connected to a computer, monitor or TV through CCD equipment for imaging observation, so as to reduce eye fatigue and facilitate sharing with others.

The construction of a microscope is different from a magnifying glass, a microscope is an optical instrument composed of a lens or a combination of several lenses, a microscope is usually composed of an eyepiece, an objective lens, a stage and a reflector, and a magnifying glass is a convex mirror, not a combination.

The principle of microscope and magnifying glass is different, the eyepiece of the microscope is upright magnifying the virtual image, the objective lens is inverted magnifying the virtual image, and the magnifying glass is directly upright magnifying the virtual image.

The magnification of microscope and magnifying glass is different, the magnification of microscope is eyepiece magnification * objective magnification, and the magnification can reach more than 1000 times, while the magnification of magnifying glass is below 15 times.

Microscopes are used differently from magnifying glasses, which use natural light sources to observe objects, while magnifying glasses are directly close to the object to be observed, and the magnifying glass moves back and forth between the object and the human eye until the image becomes larger.

Microscopes and magnifying glasses serve the same purpose, that is, to create a magnified image of a tiny object at a distance, which opens at a much greater angle to the human eye than the human eye would have seen it directly.

The difference between the two is that the magnification of the magnifying glass is not high, generally below 15x; The visual magnification of a microscope can reach more than 1,000 times.

The composition and structure of the magnifying glass are relatively simple, generally only a group of lenses, and the essence is a magnification; The composition structure of the microscope is more complex, generally two sets of lenses, and the essence is secondary magnification.

The principle of secondary magnification of the microscope is to first use a lens with a short focal length to magnify the tiny object into a real image, that is, the object is magnified horizontally several times, and then use a magnifying "magnifying glass" to observe the primary image that has been magnified horizontally.

In our lives, when do we use a magnifying glass and when do we use a microscope?

When we look at others with a microscope, it's all about the shortcomings, but when we look at others with a magnifying glass, it's all about the advantages.

Therefore, we should often use a magnifying glass to see the advantages of others, encourage and praise others, give roses to others, and have fragrance in our hands. Give flowers to others, and we leave fragrance on our hands.

Use the microscope to find your own shortcomings, cultivate yourself, and improve yourself. Change yourself, change others, influence life with life, influence another cloud with one cloud.

Once upon a time there was a magnifying glass, it was placed in a shop, it was dressed in black plastic skin, it could magnify the perspective of a person to identify antiques, and many people came to touch it and look at it every day, and it became proud in such an eye-catching environment.

One day it met the wandering microscope, and it said to the microscope, and it said to the microscope, "What do you have?" Why are there the same lenses as me?

What do you do? The microscope said, "I'm a microscope, and we're all used to see things, so we have the same lenses."

My role is to magnify tiny objects so that people can see things that are invisible to the naked eye. Magnifying glass yelled, "Then do you have the guts to compete with me?"

I'll give it a try! "The microscope is shy.

The competition began, they hired the master caterpillar as a referee, and in the first game they had to use their lenses to observe the patterns of the tiny blue and white porcelain, and the microscope lost. In the second scene, they began to observe tiny objects again, the magnifying glass was too proud, and carelessly put the lens on the object, and the result surprised it, there was nothing under the lens, and when the microscope put the lens on the object, a wriggling bacteria appeared below, this time the magnifying glass lost, but it was not reconciled, and in the third field, it tried its best to observe many subtleties. So the microscope won, and after the magnifying glass was hit because of its arrogance, he passed out, and when he woke up, the caterpillar master was giving out awards for the microscope.

The magnifying glass took advantage of this time to run away.

The large mirror is a convex lens, and the convex lens has a converging effect on light.

When the object distance is within one times the focal length, it becomes an upright magnified virtual image (but when the focal length is greater than one times the focal length and less than two times the focal length, it becomes an inverted and smothered real image, and when the focal length is greater than two times, it becomes an inverted and reduced real image).

So the magnifying glass (when the object distance is within one time of the focal length) magnify the object.

It is generally used for simple amplification.

A microscope is a lens set consisting of two convex lenses, which are simply two magnifying glasses that magnify and magnify an object.

It is generally used in the observation of biology, medicine, and microscopic particles.

Magnifying glasses and microscopes, as tools for observing things, have their own unique advantages and disadvantages. Looking at the advantages with a magnifying glass and looking at the disadvantages with a microscope is a very revealing sentence.

A magnifying glass is a lens-type microscope that magnifies an image of an object and makes it appear larger. Its advantage is that it can maintain the cohesive form of the object in the process of magnification, and when observing some large objects, the magnifying glass can help people to easily observe the surface of the object when observing some large objects. Magnifying glasses also allow us to better observe relatively large organisms, insects, and even human cells.

In contrast, microscopy is suitable for observing microscopic substances, such as cells and molecules. By placing objects on a platform called a 'sample stage', the microscope can easily observe very small organisms and objects. In addition, microscopes can magnify objects to an extremely high degree, allowing for a deeper understanding of their structure and composition.

This is especially important for doctors and chemists.

However, microscopes are not perfect. It requires a high degree of precision in focusing and sampling, otherwise the image may bleed blurry or be distorted. In addition, microscope technology is very complex and requires frequent repair and maintenance, otherwise its performance will deteriorate.

In summary, magnifying glasses and microscopes have their own advantages and disadvantages and can be used for different types of observation. If we want to observe a large object, a magnifying glass is a good option; And if we want to observe the microscopic world, then the microscope is an indispensable tool. Of course, when using these tools, it is essential to carefully study the appropriate techniques and operational methods to ensure reliable and accurate results.