Why is the rust of the bronze green?

Patina, also known as patina, has a chemical formula of Cu2(OH)2CO3, also known as malachite (the main component is Cu2(OH)2CO3, non-pure), is a precious mineral gemstone, belonging to basic carbonate, is a kind of salt. It is a substance produced by the reaction of copper with substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water in the air, and is also known as patina (patina). When heated in air, it decomposes into copper oxide, water, and carbon dioxide.

Apatina (patina) is also a basic copper carbonate (the main component is Cu2(OH)2CO3, non-pure).

A substance produced by the reaction of copper with substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and water in the air, also known as patina (patina). The chemical formula is Cu2(OH)2CO3, also known as malachite (the main component is Cu2(OH)2CO3, non-pure), is a precious mineral gemstone, belongs to basic carbonate, is a kind of salt.

Patina is basic copper carbonate, and 2-valent copper is green, so it's green!

Because of the chemical reaction, the green color is basic copper carbonate with the chemical formula Cu2CO3(OH)2, also known as malachite, which is a precious mineral gemstone. It is a substance produced by the reaction of copper with substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide and water in the air, also known as patina, and its color is emerald green. When heated in air, it decomposes into copper oxide, water, and carbon dioxide.

This is a chemistry problem, you should know if you have studied chemistry, 2-valent copper, is green.

It is a bronze ware of the Western Zhou Dynasty.

Identification of red spot green rust: Aged natural rust can be pierced with a needle tip. Bronze rust is very hard and difficult to pierce, and those made of glue are not only easy to pierce, but the needle will be caught by the pseudorust after releasing the hand and cannot fall off.

This method is also effective for repaired parts of the bronze. Or use a knife or other tool to remove a piece of patina from the surface of the bronze and observe the exposed color underneath the patina. The copper color is exposed underneath the pseudo-rust, and the underside of the bronze rust is generally a black-brown or silvery-white oxide film.

You can also take some rust down and burn it directly with fire, the bronze rust is generally not easy to burn, and the rust crystals will make a burst sound at high temperatures. Pseudo-rust melts, burns, and smokes at high temperatures, and can smell pungent odors such as various glues or burned plastics. In addition, dyeing with the surface of smoked bronze or pigments can make the surface of the new imitation copper form a black or red oxide layer, but this oxide layer is often dull and needs to be polished with special materials, you can smell the patina, the pseudo-rust will emit pine odor, plastic smell, paint smell or other peculiar smells such as 502 glue and so on.

There are two colors of copper after rusting, one is the so-called patina, and the other is a slight oxidation that has not yet reached the level of green, red.

Causes of copper rust:

Why does copper rust? At high temperatures, copper reacts with oxygen in dry air, resulting in oxidation and blackening. Under the condition of high humidity, the surface of copper is easy to adsorb or condense trace water molecules, and various impurities in the atmosphere will settle in the water film, so that the water film becomes a conductive liquid to form electrolytic corrosion conditions, and accelerate the copper corrosion conditions.

There are many components in the air, among which, in addition to oxygen will corrode copper, there are also corrosive gases such as carbon dioxide, sulfur dioxide, nitrogen oxides, ammonia, hydrogen sulfide, etc., which have great damage to copper and are important factors causing oxidation on the surface of copper.

Especially today, with the increasing air pollution, the increasing composition of corrosive gases, and the corrosion of copper are becoming more and more serious!

The sediment in the air includes dust, salt, carbide, acid mist, rainwater, etc., especially when the air pollutants are more serious, and the corrosive medium in the sediment is complex. Some of them themselves corrode or accelerate corrosion on the copper surface, and some can adsorb corrosive media and form corrosive solutions on the copper surface to accelerate the corrosion of copper.

The different rust colors of bronzes are the slow formation of different bronzes in their specific environment.

1. When the bronze is unearthed, the rust color changes are various patina, and the bronze is in the soil, falling into the water, and passing it down, and there are corresponding patina differences.

The bronze ware that has been put into the soil for more than 1,000 years, the color is pure, the green one is like paving emerald, the red one is like jade, the bronze ware that has been preserved in the water, the color is green like melon skin, and the red one is like persimmon.

The bronze objects that have been handed down are slightly dull and purple-brown, mainly due to air erosion.

2. The change in rust color after the bronzes are unearthed is mainly due to air corrosion.

3. Peacock blue is formed by the gradual oxidation of bronze under the action of moist air and carbon dioxide. The process is very slow.

Copper rust is green (patina).

Copper rust is a substance produced by the reaction of copper with substances such as oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water in the air, and its color is emerald green.

Basic copper carbonate precipitates can be obtained by adding sodium carbonate to a dilute copper sulfate solution or by passing carbon dioxide into a copper hydroxide suspension. Basic copper carbonate can be regarded as composed of copper hydroxide and copper carbonate, and there are actually two kinds of copper hydroxide combined, one copper carbonate and copper hydroxide combined with two copper carbonates.

Copper rusts because copper is oxidized in the air to produce basic copper carbonate, which is green. So when the copper rusts, it turns green. This is chemistry knowledge in junior high school. Just open the chemistry textbook for the third year of junior high school.

Bronzeware is an instrument made of bronze alloy (an alloy of red copper and tin) that continuously reacts with the soil from the time it is buried, producing various green, blue, red, and black rusts. The bronze absorbs water after being corroded, which accelerates the corrosion rate of the bronze body until the bronze body becomes patina.

Bronze has a long-term effect with a variety of chemicals around it in different living environments, and a layer of oxide film is generated on its surface, the color of the shell is warm and moist, the texture is thick, and there are a variety of leather shells such as jujube skin red, green lacquer, black lacquer, black lacquer, yellow-green, etc.

Most of the unearthed bronzes show different shades of green rust, and some of the thin green rust on the surface of the bronzes are mixed with blue rust, black rust, earth rust and red rust. The green rust is mostly from the bronzes in the cellars, which are atmospheric corrosion in a closed environment because they are not in direct contact with the soil, while the bronzes are quite stable in the weak and moderate concentrations of non-oxidizing acids due to lack of oxygen.