Information about El Ni o, what is El Ni o

It means that the periodic increase in the temperature of the seawater causes plankton, mainly algae, to bloom, resulting in a decrease in the oxygen content of the water, which is a warm current.

The rare cold winter has caused tens of billions of dollars in economic losses such as energy and transportation; Many countries in East Asia experienced a rare cold summer, and rice yields were severely reduced. Chinese scientists believe that the impact of El Niño on China is obvious and complex, mainly manifested in five aspects: first, the main rain belt of El Niño in summer is southern, and most of the north is less rainy and dry; Second, the rainy season in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River is mostly postponed; Third, in autumn, the eastern part of our country has more precipitation in the south and less in the north, which is easy to cause drought in summer and autumn in the north; Fourth, most of the country is warm in winter and cool in summer; Fifth, there are few typhoons that make landfall in China.

In addition to the general rule described above, there are some exceptions. Because there are many factors that restrict China's weather and climate, such as atmospheric circulation, monsoon changes, land thermal conditions, Arctic ice and snow distribution, ocean current changes and even solar activity.

El Niño, also known as El Niño currents, is a climate phenomenon that occurs when the ocean and atmosphere interact over a large area of the Pacific equatorial zone and become out of balance. Normally, the monsoon currents in the tropical Pacific region move from the Americas to Asia, keeping the Pacific surface warm and bringing tropical rainfall around Indonesia. But this pattern is disrupted every 2 to 7 years, reversing the direction of winds and ocean currents, and the heat flow from the surface of the Pacific Ocean turns eastward towards the Americas, taking with it tropical rainfall and creating the so-called "El Niño".

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El Niño (Spanish: el ni o), also known as the Holy Child, is a term used by fishermen in Peru and Ecuador to refer to an anomalous weather phenomenon.

It refers mainly to the unusually continuous warming of sea temperatures in the tropical oceans of the eastern and central Pacific Oceans, which has caused changes in the climate patterns of the world as a whole, resulting in drought in some areas and excessive rainfall in others. The frequency of its occurrence is irregular, but occurs on average about once every 4 years. Basically, if the phenomenon lasts less than five months, it is called an El Niño condition; If it lasts five months or more, it is called an El Niño episode.

El Niño means "Holy Child" in Spanish, as this climatic phenomenon usually begins to occur around Christmas. Ni o means "boy" in Spanish, and el is the definite article. This phenomenon often lasts for several months or even more than one year, and the impact is very widespread.

The natural phenomenon opposite of El Niño is called La Ni A, which means "girl".

Causes There are various views in the scientific community on the causes of the formation of the El Niño phenomenon, and the most common view is that under normal conditions, northeast trade winds blow near the equator in the northern hemisphere and southeast trade winds near the equator in the southern hemisphere. The trade winds drive the flow of seawater from east to west, forming the North Equatorial Current and the South Equatorial Warm Current, respectively.

The sea water flowing from the eastern equatorial Pacific Ocean is replenished by the upwelling of the lower layer, which causes the lower cold water in this area to turn upside down, and the water temperature is lower than the surrounding area, forming a sea temperature difference between the east and the west. However, once the cold water inversion in the Pacific Ocean decreases or stops, the sea water temperature rises, forming a wide range of abnormal sea water temperature weakening, or even changing to a westerly wind, and the cold water inversion in the eastern equatorial Pacific decreases or stops, and the sea water temperature increases, resulting in a wide range of abnormal warming of sea water temperature. The sudden increase in the warm current surged south along the coast of Ecuador, causing the sea temperature to rise sharply, killing cold-water fish stocks, leaving seabirds because they could not find food, and the fishing grounds suddenly lost their life, causing huge losses to the coastal countries.

Precursors of El Niño formation include:

Rising pressures in the Indian Ocean, Indonesia and Australia;

Decreased sea surface pressure in Tahiti and the Pacific Ocean** and east;

Winds in the South Pacific weaken or blow eastward;

Warm air rises near Peru, causing rain in the desert;

Warm air spreads from the west coast of the Pacific Ocean to the Indian Ocean and the eastern part of the Pacific Ocean. At the same time, it causes rain in drier and arid places in the east.

To put it simply.

An El Niño phenomenon is an abnormal rise in sea temperature along the equatorial Pacific coast, resulting in an abnormally higher than normal water temperature in the eastern Pacific Ocean.

The opposite is La Niña, which is an anomalous drop in water temperature in the eastern central Pacific Ocean, which is lower than normal.

"El Niño" is a transliteration of Spanish and originally meant "prodigy" or "son of the Holy Ming". Legend has it that long ago, the Paleo-Indians who lived along the coasts of Peru and Ecuador were very aware of the relationship between the sea and the weather. They found that if the water in the vicinity was warmer than usual around Christmas, it would not be long before heavy rain and strange phenomena such as seabirds migrating in groups.

The Paleo-Indians, out of superstition, called this perverse tide of warmth the "prodigy" trend, that is, the "Holy Child" trend, that is, the "El Niño" phenomenon.

This is because El Niño usually occurs around December 25, which is Christmas in the West. Therefore, it is simply believed that El Niño is a Christmas product, hence the name "Holy Child".

El Niño refers to the abnormal warming of the sea in the eastern Pacific Ocean (next to Peru's intelligence), which leads to abnormal weather conditions in the Pacific Rim and even the world, causing drought in places with high precipitation and flooding in places that are originally dry. Once every 2-7 years, after entering the 90s, with global warming, El Niño has appeared more and more frequently. The last time was in 1997 and 1998.

However, its definition has not yet been clearly marked. You can roughly extrapolate.

El Niño Warm Current, is an abnormal natural phenomenon in the Pacific Ocean, in the west coast of South America, the eastern part of the South Pacific, from south to north flow a famous Peruvian cold current, every year from November to March of the following year is the summer of the Southern Hemisphere, the water temperature in the southern hemisphere generally rises, and the equatorial warm current flowing westward is strengthened. At this time, the pressure and wind bands around the world move southward, and the northeast trade winds cross the equator and are deflected to the left by the Southern Hemisphere self-deflection force (also known as the geostrophic deflection force). The northwest monsoon not only weakens the offshore wind southeast trade winds on the west coast of Peru, weakening or even disappearing the cold water flood of Peru, but also blowing the warm equatorial current with higher water temperature southward, causing the water temperature of the cold current in Peru to rise abnormally.

This quiet, irregular ocean current is known as the "El Niño Current".

El Niño is further divided into El Niño and El Niño events. El Niño is a climatic phenomenon that occurs in the tropical Pacific Ocean SST anomalously warming, and the large-scale warming of the tropical Pacific Ocean will cause global climate changes, but this state must be maintained for more than 3 months before it is considered to be a real El Niño event. After an El Niño, La Niña sometimes follows.

What is El Niño.