How to build an orchard in barren saline alkali land?

pH value is one of the important factors affecting fruit cultivation. Most fruit trees grow well in acidic or slightly acidic soils, grow poorly in alkaline soils, and struggle to survive in strongly alkaline soils. Therefore, in the construction of orchards with saline-alkali soil, it is necessary to improve the soil structure and reduce the soil alkalinity to improve the survival rate of fruit trees.

The main measures are:

Soil salt reduction for guests. Saline farmland soil is used for soil, and the unsalted soil layer is increased, so the roots of the seedlings are not in direct contact with the saline. Wash the salt with water.

Actively promote the light drip irrigation technology to keep the soil moist in the tillage layer and prevent salt backflow. At the same time, cultivation can be intensified, preventing soil compaction, increasing soil porosity, and promoting the dissolution of salt with irrigation or rainwater.

Add organic fertilizer to improve soil structure. Organic fertilizer contains a large amount of organic matter, which can promote the formation of soil aggregate structure and improve soil moisture retention and fertilizer retention ability. The dark tube drains the salt.

If conditions permit, we can actively promote the advanced technology of concealed pipe drainage.

Implement methods for protecting planting holes. It is to spread a layer of film at the bottom and periphery of the planting hole, there is a hole at the bottom, fill in the salt-free alkaline tillage soil, pour water, and then plant seedlings after underwater infiltration, the surface layer can cover the small holes, or straw wheat straw, bean straw, corn straw, weeds, leaves, etc. to cover moisture, prevent the soil in the soil from returning salt, promote the survival of seedlings, and send out strong new roots to improve salt tolerance and resistance. At the same time, grass mulching can increase soil organic matter content and improve soil structure.

Fruit trees planted on saline-alkali land are mainly harmful to fruit trees due to high soil salt content and high ion content of certain ions. When the salt content of the soil liquid is above, it is difficult for the roots of fruit trees to absorb water and nutrients from it, which will cause physiological drought and nutrient deficiency. The salt in the soil is mainly bicarbonate, sulfate, chlorine atoms and other anions and sodium ions, potassium ions, calcium ions, magnesium ions and other cations composed of a variety of salts, when these ions reach a certain concentration, that is, affect the absorption activities of fruit tree roots, and even play a toxic role, directly harm the growth and development of fruit trees.

When reclaiming the barren alkaline land, a large amount of urea should be used to fertilize the barren alkaline land, so that the barren alkaline land can return to the normal land state, and then plant fruit trees.

First of all, it is necessary to eliminate the harm of salinity, and the easiest way is to dig drainage ditches and repair terraces. Dig 1 drainage ditch every 2 rows of trees, the ditch is 1 meter deep, the bottom is 1 meter wide, the upper part is 1 meter wide, and the drainage ditch is connected with the drainage branch and the main canal to facilitate smooth drainage. The terrace is 30 50 cm high and rich in organic matter, good soil aggregate structure, and bio-organic fertilizer is applied annually to reduce the salt content.

How to build an orchard in barren saline-alkali land? When reclaiming the barren alkali, a large amount of urea should be used for fertilization, so that the wasteland can be restored to the normal land state before planting fruit trees, and then the fruit trees should be planted, otherwise planting fruit trees in the case of barren alkali land will cause no harvest.

Summary. Hello! For the wasteland, the wasteland pioneer does not have the necessary right to use, nor can he have a permanent right to use.

The land reclamation person should sign a contract with the landowner (e.g., villager collective, village collective) to determine the land use right. 2. If there is a dispute over the right to use the wasteland, the villagers' (representatives) meeting shall decide how to deal with it, and if the land use right of the land-clearing person is to be recovered, appropriate compensation shall be made to the land-clearer. 3. You can apply to the local rural land contract arbitration institution for arbitration, or you can directly file a lawsuit with the court.

4. Within 30 days of receiving the notice of the disposition decision, a lawsuit may be filed with the people's court. Neither party may change the land ownership and use rights until the dispute is resolved. Before the rural land is cleared, it is best to check whether the wasteland you want to reclaim has the right to develop, and if you are in the rural area, it is best to apply to the local land management department before the use of the land.

Wasteland larger than 600 hectares needs to be reported before it can be reclaimed.

There is a saline-alkali wasteland of more than 100 years in Kaicun, what kind of work is needed to reclaim it?

Hello! For the wasteland, the wasteland owner does not have the necessary right to use, and the hood ant cannot have a permanent right to use. The landowner should sign a contract with the landowner (e.g., villager collective, village collective) to determine the land use right.

2. If there is a dispute over the right to use the wasteland, the villagers' burial (representative) meeting shall decide how to deal with it, and if the land use right of the landgiver is to be recovered, appropriate compensation shall be made to the landfiller. 3. You can apply to the local rural land contract arbitration institution for arbitration, or you can directly file a lawsuit with the court. 4. Within 30 days of receiving the notice of the disposition decision, a lawsuit may be filed with the people's court.

Neither party may change the land ownership and use rights until the dispute is resolved. Before the rural land is cleared, it is best to check whether the wasteland you want to reclaim has the right to develop, and if you are in the rural area, it is best to apply to the local land management department before the use of the land. Wasteland larger than 600 hectares needs to be reported before it can be reclaimed.

Go directly to the land management department of Xianghui Chain to consult and handle the relevant procedures for the return. Land is divided into agricultural land, construction land and unused land, and the land directly used for agricultural production is agricultural land, including cultivated land, forest land, grassland pre-nuclear grandchild, farmland water conservancy land, aquaculture water surface, etc.

Law of the People's Republic of China on Rural Land Contracting》 Article 28 During the contract period, the contract issuing party shall not adjust the contracted land. During the contract period, if the cultivated land and grassland contracted between individual peasant households need to be appropriately adjusted due to special circumstances such as natural disasters, serious mistrust and damage to the contracted land, it must be agreed by more than two-thirds of the members of the villagers' meeting or more than two-thirds of the villagers' representatives who are members of the collective economic organization, and shall be reported to the township (town disturbance) people** and county-level people** for approval by the competent departments of agriculture and rural affairs, forestry and grassland. Where it is stipulated in the contract that adjustments must not be made, follow those provisions.

There are about 100 million hectares of saline-alkali land in China, and a considerable part of it is undeveloped saline-alkali wasteland. In order to make full use of and develop saline-alkali land, expand the planting area of fruit trees, and improve the yield and quality of fruit trees, when building orchards on saline-alkali land, soil improvement must be carried out first, and reasonable soil improvement measures should be maintained frequently after the establishment of orchards.

1) Set up drainage and irrigation system. Drainage and flood control, irrigation and salt washing. In areas with water conservancy facilities, dilution of salt is one of the fastest and most effective ways to improve saline-alkali land.

Salt comes with water, and salt goes with water" is the general law of salt movement, and it is also the main way for salt to accumulate and leach in the soil.

Dig a drainage ditch every 20 40 meters between the orchards along the row, generally the ditch is 1 meter deep, the top is wide, and the bottom is wide. The drainage ditch is connected with the larger and deeper drainage branch canal and the drainage trunk canal, and the various channels should have a certain ratio to facilitate the smooth drainage and make the salt and alkali discharge out of the park. The garden can regularly divert fresh water for irrigation, so as to achieve the purpose of irrigation and salt washing.

If the soil salt content is reached, attention should also be paid to long-term irrigation and alkali pressure, cultivation, mulching, and drainage to prevent the rise of salinity.

2) Desilting to improve saline-alkali land. Dredging (silt irrigation) is to feed the river water containing sediment into the fields that have been built in advance through the canal system, and use the method of reducing the water flow speed to settle the sediment and silt the soil. This method can be applied not only to improve low-lying and flood-prone land and saline-alkali wasteland, but also to improve sandy wasteland and other barren land.

In the middle and lower reaches of the Yellow River and in the middle and upper reaches of the Yellow River, many places have applied dredging measures to improve saline-alkali land.

3) Deep tillage application of organic fertilizer. In addition to the nutrients needed by fruit trees, organic fertilizers also contain organic acids. Organic acids and bases play a neutralizing role.

At the same time, with the increase of organic matter content, the physical and chemical properties of the soil will also be improved, which will promote the formation of aggregate structure, improve fertility, reduce evaporation, and prevent alkali return. It has been proved that the increase of soil organic matter decreases the salt content.

4) Ground covering. Laying sand, grass or other substances on the ground can prevent salinity from rising. For example, in the dry season of the vineyard in Wenshui County, Shanxi Province, 10 15 cm of sand or 15 20 cm of grass is spread on the saline-alkali land, which can play a role in preserving moisture and preventing the rise of salinity.

5) Create a garden and plant green manure crops. Planting a salinity-resistant garden can reduce wind speed, reduce ground evaporation, and prevent soil from returning to alkali. In addition to increasing organic matter and improving soil physical and chemical properties, planting green manure tolerant green manure crops can reduce ground evaporation and inhibit the rise of salinity.

The experiment proved that when planting salinity-resistant field cyanine for 1 year, the salinity can be reduced from 0 30 cm to the soil layer, and the effect is better if it is combined with drainage and alkali washing. The selection of saline-alkali tolerant tree species, varieties, rootstocks, etc., can also improve the natural ability of fruit trees to resist salinity.

6) Chemical amendments. Chemical amendments can be applied, such as gypsum, phosphogypsum, sulfur or acid-containing substances (such as crude sulfuric acid, slag sulfur powder, etc.), humic acids and skillful application of acidic and physiological acid fertilizers (such as superphosphate, ammonium sulfate, etc.), all of which can improve saline-alkali.