Ask for the comments of famous experts on Xunzi. Concise .

Xun was the thinker of the emerging landlord class. He was profoundly knowledgeable, and on the basis of inheriting the Confucian doctrine of the previous period, he also absorbed the advantages of various schools to synthesize and transform, established his own ideological system, and developed the ancient materialist tradition. Most of the 32 extant "Xunzi" articles are Xunzi's own works, involving many aspects of philosophy, logic, politics, and morality.

Xunzi. In terms of the concept of nature, he opposed the belief in the destiny of ghosts and gods, affirmed that the laws of nature are not transferred by human will, and proposed that people should conform to the laws of nature in order to prosper and develop; On the issue of human nature, he put forward the "theory of sexual evil", asserting that human nature has two parts: "sexual" and "pseudo", sex (nature) is the animal instinct of evil, and pseudo (artificial) is the etiquette and music education of good, and denies the moral concept of talent. emphasizing the impact of the environment and education on people; In terms of political ideology, he adhered to the Confucian principle of etiquette, and at the same time attached importance to people's material needs, and advocated the combination of economic development and the rule of law. Epistemologically, he acknowledges that the human mind reflects reality.

However, there is a tendency to deprive the role of the senses. In his famous "Persuasion of Learning", he focused on his views on learning. The article emphasizes the importance of "learning", believes that erudition and frequent examination and reflection on oneself can "know and do nothing", and points out that learning must be linked to reality, learn to apply, and the learning attitude should be sincere, single-minded, and persevering.

He attached great importance to the status and role of teachers in teaching, believing that in order for the country to prosper, it must value teachers, and at the same time set strict requirements for teachers, believing that if teachers do not set an example for students, students cannot practice them. He also proposed that "the water will carry the boat, and the water will capsize the boat".

Xun was the thinker of the emerging landlord class. Xun was a great thinker and an outstanding writer and educator in ancient China.

Thinker, writer and educator.

1. Xunxue has the spirit of academic criticism and the consciousness of inclusiveness, which reflects the historical trend of the Warring States period from a hundred schools of thought to academic integration. No matter from which angle it is examined, the value of academic history and intellectual history of "Xunzi Fei Twelve Sons" should be explored.

2. Xunzi made great contributions to the teaching of Confucian classics. Confucianism in the Han Dynasty, not only "etiquette" comes from Xunxue, but also "poetry and classics" and even "Spring and Autumn Studies" are related to Xunxue. Qing Confucian Wang Zhong's "General Theory of Xun Qingzi" believes that "Xun Qing's learning, from Confucius, and especially due to the scriptures", and made a detailed study of Xunzi's "transmission of scriptures", which is basically agreed by scholars who study the history of classics.

The contemporary Confucian Xu Fuguan also spoke highly of Xunzi's position in the history of scriptures.

3. Xunzi pays close attention to the changes in the real world and is full of the spirit of merit. Xunzi lectured in Qi, Shi Eun in Chu, discussed soldiers in Zhao, discussed politics in Yan, and discussed customs in Qin, and his influence on the society at that time was not under Confucius and Mencius. Confucius did not enter the Qin Dynasty, but Xunzi praised the Qin government and Qin customs, and at the same time criticized him for being "Confucian".

This shows that under the premise of adhering to the basic belief of Confucianism, he is still striving to expand the political space of Confucianism. Between politics and academia, the pragmatic spirit embodied by Xunzi should be the object of Dong Zhongshu, a Confucian sect in the Han Dynasty. All of them contributed to the adaptation of Confucianism to the environment of the times and to seek new development. [1]

Xunzi's masterpiece "Xunzi". There are a total of 32 articles in the book, and its views are consistent with Xunzi's consistent proposition. Among the first 27 articles, there are also a few, such as "The Soldiers" and "Da Luo", which may have been compiled by his students.

There are 32 chapters in the book Xunzi, most of which were written by himself except for a few chapters. His articles are good at reasoning, well-organized, thorough analysis, good at taking examples, often using comparative sentences to enhance the momentum of arguments, and the language is rich and vigilant, and has strong persuasive and appealing power.

Xunzi is an important work of Confucianism in the late Warring States period. In addition to Tang Yangliang's "Xunzi Notes", its annotations are "Xunzi Collected Explanations" by Qing Wang Xianqian, which brings together the exegesis and examination achievements of Qing Dynasty scholars, and the content is detailed; Liang Qixiong's "Brief Explanation of Xunzi" synthesizes the results of various school interpretations, especially "simple, concise, and concise"; There are also Zhang Shitong's "Xunzi Brief Notes", Xiong Gongzhe's "Xunzi Notes and Interpretations" and so on.

Xunzi's works: "Xunzi", the main idea is benevolence and righteousness, royal road; the relationship between "the king and the boat and the people"; Sexual evil.

Xunzi's works: "Xunzi", the main idea is benevolence and righteousness, royal road; the relationship between "the king and the boat and the people"; Sexual evil.

Pay attention to social order and human efforts. The central idea of Confucius is "benevolence", the central idea of Mencius is "righteousness", Xunzi proposed "rites" after the two, Xunzi believes that people are born to satisfy their desires, and if their desires are not satisfied, disputes will occur, so he advocates that human nature is inherently evil, and it must be educated by the holy king and rituals. also advocated the rule of law and educated Li Si and Han Feizi.

There is also some controversy as to whether he is a Confucian.

Xunzi was a Confucian master of the Warring States Period, and one of the most academically accomplished and socially influential thinkers of the time, with a profound influence on later generations.

1.Xunzi has the spirit of academic criticism and the consciousness of inclusiveness, which reflects the historical trend of the Warring States period from a hundred schools of thought to academic integration.

2.Xunzi made great contributions to the teaching of Confucian classics, and Confucianism in the Han Dynasty not only came from Xunxue, but also poetry and even Spring and Autumn Studies are related to Xunxue.

3.Therefore, Xunzi's thoughts are very rich, and it can be said that Xunzi has made great achievements in various aspects such as cosmology, human nature, morality, knowledge, education, literature, political science, economics, and logic.

4.Xunzi paid close attention to the changes in the real world, full of the spirit of merit, Xunzi lectured in Qi, Shi Eun in Chu, discussed soldiers in Zhao, discussed politics in Yan, and discussed customs in Qin, and the influence on the society at that time was not under Confucius and Mencius.

5.Under the premise of adhering to the basic beliefs of Confucianism, he is still striving to expand the political space of Confucianism, looking up to the gap between politics and academics, and the pragmatic spirit embodied by Xunzi should be the object of Dong Zhongshu, a Confucian emperor in the Han Dynasty.