The location of the tomb of Emperor Wen of Han was confirmed, and it was discovered in this way

The Mausoleum of Emperor Ba of Han refers to the mausoleum of Emperor Liu Heng of Han Wen.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, Liu Heng, "entrusts the king of the world with his blinking body", reigned for only 23 years (reigned from 180 BC to 157 BC), but opened the first prosperous era after Chinese civilization entered the imperial era, "the rule of Wenjing". According to the "Historical Records", Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty "did not take it" in his attitude towards thick burials. For many years, it has been a myth in the archaeological community about where Liu Hengba's tomb is.

On December 14, the State Administration of Cultural Heritage held an important progress meeting on the major project of "Archaeological China" in Beijing, at which it was confirmed that the owner of the "Jiangcun Tomb" in Bailuyuan, Xi'an City, Shaanxi Province was Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty. The shape and scale of the Jiangcun Tomb are in line with the specifications of the highest level of tombs in the Western Han Dynasty, and the surrounding areas are the Mausoleum of Empress Dou and the Mausoleum of the Empress Dowager Bo, and experts confirm that the Jiangcun Tomb is the tomb of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.

Jiangcun Tomb Ming Yuyuan: The tomb of Liu Heng, Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty in the early Western Han Dynasty

The important progress work of the major project of "Archaeological China" of Jiangcun Tomb will focus on important archaeological discoveries and research progress in the Han and Tang dynasties. The tomb of Anjiang Village in the west of Shaanxi Province is confirmed to be the tomb of Liu Heng, the emperor of the Han Dynasty in the early Western Han Dynasty, the tomb plane is in the shape of "Asia", the side of the tomb is about 72 meters long, more than 110 external pits were found around the tomb, and there are pebble paved cemetery facilities around the outer pits, which may be an independent imperial cemetery.

The remains of the cemetery wall were found outside the Jiangcun Tomb and the Mausoleum of Empress Dou, and it is speculated that they coexist in the same cemetery. More than 1,500 pieces of terracotta figurines, copper seals, copper chariots and horses, iron tools, pottery, etc. have been unearthed in 8 outer pits, and the copper seals have "Chefu", "Qifu", "Zhongqi Qianren", "Fu Yin", "Cang Yin", "Zhong Sikong Yin", etc., indicating that the outer pits around the Jiangcun Tomb should be built to imitate the real government office and government treasury.

The shape and scale of the Jiangcun Tomb are in line with the specifications of the highest level of tombs in the Western Han Dynasty, and the surrounding areas are the Mausoleum of Empress Dou and the Mausoleum of the Empress Dowager Bo, and experts confirm that the Jiangcun Tomb is the tomb of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty. The confirmation of the location of the Baling Tomb solves the problem of the name of the eleven imperial tombs of the Western Han Dynasty, and the structural layout of the double cemetery, the imperial tomb in the center, and the outer Tibetan pit is surrounded by the structural layout, which shows obvious differences with the Changling Tomb of Gaozu of the Han Dynasty and the Anling Tomb of Emperor Hui of the Han Dynasty, which lays the foundation of the imperial tomb system in the middle and late Western Han Dynasty, and is of great significance for the in-depth study of the imperial tomb system in ancient China.

The above content refers to The Surging News - Bailu Yuan focuses on the tomb of Emperor Ba of the Han Dynasty, and the three major archaeological announcements of the Han and Tang Dynasties.

The tomb of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty was discovered in Shaanxi, and this discovery is of great historical significance for the study of ancient imperial tomb forms. Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty was the third emperor of the Western Han Dynasty and the son of Liu Bang. It also created the most basic conditions for Emperor Wu of the Han Dynasty Liu Che to expel the Xiongnu in the later period, and Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty did not want to waste money because of the tomb, so he advocated thin burial.

It can be said that Emperor Fan Cong of Han Wen was a good emperor who cherished the people. Let's talk about the significance of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty in Shaanxi from a personal point of view:

First, it corrects the fallacy of history

Baling was found to be located in Xianyang's Bailuyuan, not in the previously recognized phoenix mouth, this is the correction of the millennium Baling misunderstanding, the reason why the formation of the Han Wen Emperor's Baling in the Phoenix Mouth fallacy, is because as early as the Yuan Dynasty books appeared in the wrong record, the Phoenix Mouth is two kilometers away from the current Baling, later with the Ming and Qing dynasties of the royal sacrifice in this Baling, it has been shaped orange sedan bucket into the wrong concept of Baling in the Phoenix Mouth.

Second, it provides a reference for the study of ancient imperial tombs

The discovery of Baling provides a reference for the study of the mausoleum regulation of ancient emperors, because the tombs of ancient emperors are in the same line, and the Han Dynasty, as the longest-lasting unified kingdom in China, has a deep impact on future generations.

The three-round mill and funerary goods provide a reference for the study of Han culture

Each imperial tomb will have a large number of funerary goods, which can be said to be comparable to a small museum, through the study of these funerary goods, we can have a good understanding of the humanistic customs of the time, and have important reference value for the study of the production and lifestyle of people in the Han Dynasty and the historical time at that time.

It is of special significance, so that more people can understand the historical development at that time, can prove the history, shouting Hanhuai can lead Zheng Youlao to destroy the development of local tourism, and can improve the research ability of archaeologists. It can promote social progress.

It is of special significance, can achieve a particularly good archaeological effect, can drive the development of tourism in the Qingao of this place, can also prove the history of the group at that time, and can understand the development background at that time.

It is good for the local area to conduct better research, better understand the culture of the time, and understand the traditions of the time, which can be better developed for the local area.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty's tomb was once believed to be in the mouth of the phoenix in history, and the earliest documentary record of the location of the tomb is in the "Chronicles of Chang'an" in the Yuan Dynasty. Since the Yuan Dynasty, the sheds have not had any doubts about the location of the Baling, and even the Ming and Qing dynasties have sacrificed to Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty in the mouth of the phoenix, and have set up stone tablets, and the archaeologists of our country have not had doubts about the location of the Baling, and there have been many times in history that the Baling has been stolen and excavated. Because there has been an experience of excavating the imperial tomb before that led to heavy losses, it is strictly forbidden to excavate the imperial tomb in China, and only the imperial tomb can be rescued and excavated.

And the Baling was finally discovered because of a few inconspicuous robbery caves, let's talk about how Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty was discovered:

1. Inconspicuous thief hole

In 2016, there were some robbery holes in the mausoleum near Bailuyuan Jiangcun, because there were royal tombs nearby, and the tombs of Queen Dou and Empress Dowager Bo were nearby. However, it is embarrassing that through the exploration of the current instrument, there is no sign of a mausoleum under the mouth of the phoenix. This has led experts to doubt the location of Baling.

2. Unexpected discoveries

When the experts didn't find anything about the phoenix mouth, there was an amazing news near the Jiangcun Tomb, the Jiangcun Tomb actually adopted four tomb roads in the shape of a sub-zigzag, which is the highest specification in the Western Han Dynasty Mausoleum, and the specifications of the burial goods unearthed in the burial pit of the Jiangcun Tomb are extremely high, and some of the discoveries representing the six copper seals confirm the experts' conjecture that this is an imperial tomb.

3. Be bold in seeking verification

With a preconceived idea, the expert found through the remains of the wall around the cemetery that the entire cemetery was planned together with the tomb of Queen Dou and this Jiangcun tomb, so that the mystery was naturally revealed, and it could only be the tomb of Emperor Wen of Han. So far, the location of Baling has been confirmed.

Related to a tomb robbery case many years ago, Zaozi was stolen out of the stool at that time and the cultural relics were auctioned abroad, so the cemetery unearthed by the cultural relics entered the eyes of China's archaeologists Zai Hong, after such a long time of research and excavation, the tomb of Emperor Wen of Han was finally discovered.

In 2002, there were 6 pieces of black terracotta figurines of the Western Han Dynasty at the auction of the reputation of the country, and finally our country returned to Xi'an after negotiations, and finally determined that the tomb robbers were stolen from the ancient tomb of Jiangcun to dig Tongliang, so the tomb of Emperor Ba of Han Wen was discovered.

According to ancient records and satellite positioning, archaeological experts found the approximate location of the tomb of Emperor Ba of Han Dynasty, and then after more than a year of actual visits and investigations, they finally confirmed the location of the grand ruler.

Emperor Wen of Han's tomb was finally identified as the Jiangcun Tomb on the White Deer Plain, instead of the phoenix's mouth, which was previously believed to be 700 years old. Emperor Wen of Han was the third emperor of the Han Dynasty, and it was he who personally created the "rule of Wenjing". During the reign of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty, he was diligent in government and loved the people, recuperated internally, and adopted a policy of harmony and proximity externally, which provided valuable time for the Han Dynasty to restore its national strength.

Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty himself lived a very frugal life and smiled purely, implemented thin burials in the tomb system, did not seal the promotion, and did not record the location of the tomb in any classic book before the Yuan Dynasty, which led to the difficulty of future generations to locate the tomb, until the "Chang'an Chronicles" of the Yuan Dynasty mentioned that the tomb was in the phoenix mouth of Bailuyuan, and the result was falsely spread and falsely reported for up to 700 years, so how was the tomb of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty discovered, the following is a personal point of view:

1. Inconspicuous thief hole

In 2016, the tomb in Jiangcun ** appeared and stolen traces, there were several inconspicuous robbery holes, in order to ensure the preservation of the state of the tomb, after the approval of the Cultural Relics Bureau of the tomb of the tomb of the rescue excavation, the Phoenix mouth area that is considered to be the tomb of the Han Emperor Ba Mausoleum was explored, the result was very embarrassing, in the Phoenix mouth position using the existing science and technology to detect actually did not find any signs of the mausoleum. This made experts have to turn their attention to the Jiangcun curtain, which opened the prelude to the discovery of Baling.

Second, the shocking specifications

Archaeological experts found in the excavation of the Jiangcun tomb that the specifications of this tomb are extremely high, and there are actually four tombs in the shape of "Asia", which is the standard configuration of typical royal tombs in the Han Dynasty, and with the discovery of unearthed cultural relics, it confirms the conjecture of experts, but so far experts have not been able to absolutely confirm that this is both a tomb.

3. Conclusive evidence

In the end, the experts made up their minds that this is the evidence of the tomb of Baling, that is, the remains of the courtyard wall of the cemetery were found, and the tomb of Queen Dou and the tomb of Jiangcun were divided into a cemetery. This is a typical tomb with the same mausoleum, and so far it has been determined that this is the tomb of Ba.

Because there is a robbery hole in the tomb in Jiangcun, in order to better protect the cultural relics, the Cultural Relics Bureau excavated the tomb, and did not find the mausoleum according to the established plan.

There have been relevant records in the history books, and the geographical location here is very complicated, which verifies the conjecture of experts and discovers some robbery holes.

This is because an inconspicuous robbery cave was found in the local area, and finally after the exploration of the Cultural Relics Bureau, the tomb of Emperor Ba of Han Wen was discovered.

The discovery of Emperor Wen of Han's tomb can be said to be the big news that caused a sensation in the archaeological world in 2021. Prior to this, historians believed that the Baling was located in the Phoenix Mouth of the White Deer Plain in Xianyang, and the reason for this understanding was that there were few documents recording the location of the Baling Tomb, and it was not until the "Chang'an Chronicles" of the Yuan Dynasty that there was a description of the Han Emperor Wen buried in the Phoenix Mouth. It may be that the historians at that time made a mistake, coupled with the fact that Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty implemented thin burials, and the tombs were not sealed, which increased the difficulty of finding.

In this way, this fallacy continued for 700 years, and during the Ming and Qing dynasties, the official also held sacrifices in the phoenix's mouth. Let's talk about how Baling was discovered:

1. Accidents caused by tomb robbing

So how did the tomb of the tomb be discovered, this originated from a tomb robbery incident, in 2006 in the United States auction six pieces of black terracotta figurines were confirmed to be from the Jiangcun tomb in Bailuyuan, after the first negotiation, our country recovered this batch of cultural relics, and then carried out rescue exploration and excavation of the Jiangcun tomb, to the surprise of experts, the use of modern exploration technology to explore the phoenix mouth, found that there is no mausoleum under the phoenix mouth, then the Han Wen Emperor's tomb can not be in the phoenix mouth, So far, the search for Baling has begun.

2. Specifications of tombs

When experts explored the Jiangcun Tomb which is considered to be the tomb of Princess Guantao, it was found that the Jiangcun Tomb actually adopted the tomb specifications of four tomb roads in the shape of sub-characters, which was the highest specification in the Western Han Dynasty and could only be used by the emperor.

3. Final confirmation

As the exploration continued, the experts discovered the rammed earth layer of the cemetery wall, and it was this discovery that provided conclusive evidence that the Jiangcun Tomb was a Baling, because the entire cemetery also surrounded the tomb of Empress Dou, and Empress Dou and Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty had different tombs, so far it was confirmed that the Jiangcun Tomb was a Baling.

The tomb of Emperor Ba of Han is a group of tomb robbers who stole the cultural relics, auctioned the cultural relics, and were recognized by relevant experts in the process of auction, and finally found the tomb of Emperor Ba of Han Wen according to the clues.

It was because of the tomb robbers, the tomb robbers stole the things of this ancient tomb and sold them, and some people saw such cultural relics and confirmed that they were cultural relics from the period of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.

It was discovered by accident, because a lot of robbery holes were discovered at that time, and finally through the exploration with instruments, it was finally discovered.

This is because there was a tomb robbery case, so the tomb of Emperor Wen of Han was finally discovered, and finally a lot of cultural relics from the period of Emperor Wen of Han were also unearthed.

In 2002, an auction in the United States brought the Jiangcun Tomb to Chinese archaeologists for the first time. Six black terracotta figurines of the Western Han Dynasty that were stolen from here appear in the auction catalogue of Sotheby Auction House in the United States, and will be auctioned soon. China has made timely representations through diplomatic channels.

The origin of these six terracotta figurines was investigated, and it was finally determined that the tomb robbers had excavated them from the ancient tomb of Jiangcun. At that time, some scholars thought that it might not be the tomb of the Dou Taizhu who accompanied the burial of the tomb. The lord of Dou Taiyin Hall is actually the daughter of Empress Dou and Emperor Wen of Han, with a relatively high status, and the history books clearly record that she was buried in the tomb, and it was doubtful that it was her tomb.

Further archaeological exploration found that the total length of the east and west tombs of the Jiangcun Tomb reached 250 meters, which belonged to the top configuration in terms of tomb shape, surpassing the princess and even the princes.

Ma Yongying, researcher at the Shaanxi Provincial Institute of Archaeology: In ancient society, the character "Asia" was actually mainly used by emperors. The side of the tomb is more than 70 meters long, and the east side of the tomb road is more than 100 meters, in addition to the emperor's tomb, the others include the princes and kings, he is 30 meters to 50 meters, 60 meters such a situation.

Although some people speculate that the Jiangcun Tomb may be the Tomb of Emperor Han Wen, the relevant records and research since the Yuan Dynasty generally believe that the Tomb of Emperor Han Wen is not in the Phoenix Mouth, two kilometers north of the Jiangcun Tomb. Without conclusive evidence, no one dares to say that the Jiangcun Tomb is the tomb of Emperor Wen of the Han Dynasty.