How to distinguish the authenticity of rhino horn from fake, and how to distinguish the authenticity

There are 5 species of rhinos in the world, namely the white rhinoceros, the black rhinoceros, the Indian rhinoceros, the Javanese rhinoceros, and the Sumatran rhinoceros. Among them, the white rhino and the black rhino live in Africa, while the Indian, Javanese, and Sumatran rhinos belong to the group of Asian rhinos and usually live in northern Pakistan, Indian state of Assam, Nepal, Bhutan, and Bangladesh. The Indian rhinoceros lives only in the northern Indian state of Assam and some parts of neighbouring Nepal.

The Indian rhino is easily distinguished from the African rhinoceros. One way to identify them is to look at the horns of rhinos, which have one horn on their head and two horns on their African rhinos (white and black). In addition, it can also be distinguished from the ** of the rhinoceros, the ** of the Indian rhinoceros has deep creases clearly visible, as if wearing armor, while the ** of the African rhinoceros is relatively smooth and has no creases.

All rhinos are herbivores, and Indian rhinos usually feed on grasses, fruits, leaves, and crops, with tall elephant grass being their favorite. Indian rhinos usually come out in the morning or late afternoon to avoid the warmer periods of the day. They can usually weigh about 2,000 kilograms and have a lifespan of about 40 years.

Identifying rhino horn belongs to the art of dragon slaying and is useless Now all rhino horns in the world have been banned Any trade in rhino horn is illegal Some rhino horns used in legal Chinese medicine are artificial rhino horns prepared with keratin The "scientific" identification method is, of course, to be accurate.

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The first point: longitudinal texture: rhino horn has a unique longitudinal texture like hemp flakes, which cannot be produced by imitations.

The second point: surface furrows: no matter how fine the rhino horn is polished, there will be small thin furrows on the surface, and this kind of furrow is not possessed by other horns.

The third point: the color is deep and has a distinct brownish-red hue.

However, most of the rhino horns currently circulating in the Chinese market are African buffalo horns, which are recognized by the state as a substitute.

How to distinguish the authenticity of rhinoceros horn 1. Look at the shape. The first is the shape of the horns: rhino horns are all grown on the nose, that is, in the middle of the head, and the shape is close to round or oval; The horns are bifurcated to both sides of the brain, because the cow's brain is relatively flat, so the horns are flat.

2. Look at the features. The growth characteristics of rhinoceros horn have the characteristics of "front ditch and back post". Rhino horn goes to the direction of the tip of the horn, there is a concave groove, that is, the "front groove", and the rhinoceros horn goes to the direction of the nose, there is a protruding post, that is, the "back post".

Because of this post, the edge of the rhinoceros horn cup-shaped utensils creates the feeling that the rhinoceros horn is flat. 3. Look at the color. The color of rhino horn is not monolithic, and it is black near the longitudinal center, which is an important feature to distinguish rhino horn from other horns.

Extended information: Rhino horn maintenance method 1, a dry environment will cause rhino horn to crack. But rubbing any oil will affect the medicinal value of rhino horn.

It is best to rub it with your hand, and after a long time, it will naturally play the role of wiping oil. If you have to rub oil, rub it with natural walnut oil or animal oil. 2. Do not touch any chemical raw materials and daily chemical products, which will cause irreparable damage to rhinoceros horn.

3. To ensure a certain humidity, but do not soak in water, especially hot water, will make the medicinal properties of rhinoceros horn analyzed. 4. Don't bump, it's a cliché, but it doesn't hurt. 5. Do not get contaminated with dust, it is best to display it in a glass cover.

Also clean the surface regularly.

Here's how to identify rhino horn from fake:

It is not difficult to identify rhino horns, but because rhino horns are very rare, there are not many opportunities for ordinary people to get their hands on them, so many collectors and antique dealers have to guess and speculate. The surface texture of rhino horn is very similar to the texture of bamboo, so it is called bamboo silk pattern. Qing sedan shed but rhino horn section has bamboo does not have a hair sac-like texture, its oblique profile feels similar to goosebumps, so its lines can also be called hair lines.

This pattern is difficult to forge, and neither the imitation nor the synthetic horn has this feature. So be sure to touch it, and if you don't let it touch, you can take a look. After all, it's not just a little bit worse, and you must also look at the characteristics of rhinoceros horns.

Other methods of identification

1. Real rhinoceros horns will have obvious caviar patterns, and they must be all over the body.

2. Real rhinoceros horn will have obvious bamboo silk patterns, and it is also available all over the body.

3. The real rhinoceros horn should have a sense of furrows throughout the body, if you don't have this, it's hard to say, it may be a new work or a high imitation.

4. The weight of real rhinoceros horn is very light, about one cubic centimeter and one gram. Rhino horn cups are mostly tens of grams, and the heavy ones are only more than 100 grams, and there are no very heavy ones.

5. In terms of smell, real rhinoceros horn usually has no smell, but it will have a faint fragrance after grinding, and there is no fishy smell. If you smell it, it is mostly an imitation.

6. The container can be observed from the mouth, and the statue and ornament can be observed from the bottom of the chassis shape of the material, and the Asian rhino horn is watermelon seed or turtle back shape. African rhino horns are round or rectangular, but they are not absolutely perfect. Because after boiling the rhino horn, it can be artificially wrenched into various shapes such as flower mouths, but there are still traces of it.

It is not advisable for everyone to ** new rhino horn, because there is no killing without buying and selling. In addition, there are really very few rhinos in the world, and I don't want our grandchildren to know and see rhinos only on TV and books in the future. Now there are a lot of old rhinoceros horns on the market, when collecting some old rhino horns, you have to pay attention to not being medicated, here are some simple identification knowledge for you:

Some people say: grid pattern, caviar pattern, gutter, and ground hill are the unique characteristics of rhinoceros horn. But pay attention to the essentials of mastering:

1. The rhino horn has a roe pattern, but the horn does not; 2. Although the rhino horn can be peeled off layer by layer, there is no circle of horn layer; 3. Under normal circumstances, rhino horn has a smell, but bull horn does not. Cross-sectional view of horn rhino horn is the most precious horn material. The tip of the rhino horn is the best, most tender and precious part of the rhino horn.

Since ancient times, rhino horn has not only been treasured as a rare spiritual object to ward off evil spirits, but also is believed to have the medicinal use of detoxification and antipyretic (for example, the "Compendium of Materia Medica" contains: only rhino life is better as medicine). Rhinoceros is divided into Asian rhinoceros and African rhinoceros, because of the rhinoceros horn attribute cold, in ancient times when medical conditions were not very developed, it was a good medicine for fever.

In addition, it can be sculpted as a plaything and become a symbol of the status of the powerful because of its rarity, and a large number of hunting and horning are taken, and the Asian rhinoceros became extinct in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties. The rhinoceros and new rhinoceros horn carvings that we can still see today are all from north-central Africa. 1. Identification of rhino horn The identification of rhino horn is not difficult, but because rhino horn is very rare, there are not many opportunities for ordinary people to get started, so many collectors and antique dealers have to guess and guess.

Please see that the surface texture of rhino horn is very similar to the texture of bamboo, so it is called "bamboo silk pattern"; However, the rhino horn section has a texture like a hair sac that bamboo does not have, and its oblique section feels similar to goosebumps, so its lines can also be called "hair lines". This pattern is difficult to forge, and neither the imitation nor the synthetic horn has this feature. Caviar pattern caviar pattern (can only be said to be the caviar pattern of rhino horn) (one of the characteristics) Caviar pattern of rhinoceros horn (but the hoof also has this pattern) Asian rhino horn caviar pattern (there should be a small dot in the pattern) and donkey hoof material is very similar, pay attention to identify the genuine product This kind of white spot in the middle should be used

Turn on the light to see, then smooth the caviar pattern, and then turn on the light. And so on and so forth. It's the real thing.

Look at the pattern of the rhinoceros horn, regardless of the size of the rhinoceros horn, the texture of the rhinoceros horn will not change, look at the cross-section of the rhinoceros horn, the texture on the cross-section is like frog roe, fish roe, so it is called: "caviar pattern". The color of rhino horn is not single, and it is always black near the longitudinal center, which is an important feature to distinguish rhino horn from other horns.

Second, look at the straight face of the rhinoceros horn, the straight face of the grain is like a split Nan bamboo pattern, which is called: "bamboo pattern". Two kinds of lines exist at the same time, basically it can be identified as a real rhinoceros horn, modern imitations are difficult to imitate two kinds of lines at the same time, but it is not difficult to imitate one of the lines at all.

Therefore, when we collect rhinoceros horn handles, we must see clearly whether there are two kinds of textures, if not, it must be imitations, chemical synthetics. As shown below:

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Hello, glad to answer for you. Rhino horn is a very precious buffalo horn raw material, it has many uses, it can be said that it is all treasures, can be used as Chinese medicinal materials, ornaments, from ancient times to the present are all favored by everyone a kind of animal products, with the total number of rhinoceros has decreased, rhinoceros horn has slowly become a scarce object.

The characteristics of rhinoceros horn: first, there is a caviar pattern on the cross-section; second, there are bamboo silk patterns on the side; The third is that it generally smells good. As for the buffalo horn, some also have bamboo silk patterns, but there is no hollow tubular caviar pattern; On the solid core section of the buffalo horn, there is generally a ring of keratin.

How to evaluate rhino horns: Rhinoceros horns are not too difficult to evaluate, but because rhino horns are so rare, there are few opportunities for the average person to get started, so many collectors and antique dealers have to guess and guess. It can be seen that the surface texture of rhino horn is very similar to the texture of moso bamboo, so it is called "bamboo silk pattern"; However, the cross-section of the rhino horn has a texture effect like a hair follicle that bamboo does not have, and its oblique model feels similar to goosebumps, so its lines can also be called "hair lines".

This texture is difficult to imitate, and the high imitation and generation of buffalo horns do not have this characteristic.

There are also the following ways to identify rhino horns:

1. Texture: The longitudinal section of any rhino horn has parallel "silk lines", Asian rhino horns have thick "bamboo silk patterns", African bamboo silk lines are fine, and any rhino horns.

The cross-section has a "millet pattern". The longitudinal sections of the buffalo horn have intertwined "twisted lines" and no parallel "skein" lines.

2. Color: Sumatra rhino horn and Javan rhino horn products are honey-colored or colored, the color is pure, the transparency is high, the upper part of the Indian rhino horn is dark, the lower part is bright and the upper part is wide-angled.

Grayish-black, grayish-yellow in the lower part. The color of rhino horn is not monolithic, and it is always black near the longitudinal center, which is an important feature to distinguish rhino horn from other horns.

3. Temperature: Rhino horn is cool and warm, buffalo horn is cool and cold, and there is no cold feeling in resin synthesis.

4. Smell: Asian rhino horn is fragrant, there is a kind of traditional Chinese medicine taste, and buffalo horn has a sulfur smell when dry grinding.

5. Carving: rhino horn carving knife work is delicate and smooth, the details are serious, the ground is smooth and the horn carving knife is rough or stiff and rigid, and the details are sloppy and common.

Burrs, knife marks, knife wounds, uneven ground. There is no knife work in the resin molding, and there are no traces of carving.

In 1993, China issued a ban on the use of rhino horn, although there are no wild rhinoceros in our territory now, and China's last rhinoceros was in 1922

Extinct due to human hunting), so no rhinoceros species is listed as a national protected animal, but as a member of the International Convention on Endangered Species of Wild Fauna and Flora.

As one of the countries, my country has always supported a ban on the trade of any rhino products.

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The Forest Public Security Forensic Appraisal Center of the State Forestry Administration and the Wildlife Criminal Physical Evidence Identification Center of the State Forestry Administration published the "How to Identify Real and Fake Rhino Horns", which clarified that there are a total of 4 identification methods for rhinoceros horn products, and all those who do not meet these 4 conditions are fake rhinoceros horns

1 The horn is short and thick and the chassis is large, and the horn shell is filled with material evenly distributed in the pores of the hair.

2 Under a high-powered microscope, a "fish egg pattern" texture appears in the cross-section, which is a rhinoceros horn (unique feature).

3 Blanching with hot water will smell a special fragrance.

4 The outer skin of the horns is wrinkled and dull. The internal tissue is translucent, with elongated fibrous filamentous lines longitudinally.

Real rhino horn and texture.

False rhino horn with resin filling inside the horn.

The picture above is the identification of real and fake rhino horns published by the Forest Public Security Forensic Appraisal Center of the State Forestry Administration and the Wildlife Criminal Physical Evidence Identification Center of the State Forestry Administration. The following piece is a comparison of the organizational structure of true and false rhino horns made by Northeast Forestry University, which has a great guiding role in identifying the authenticity of rhino horns.

a.Sumatran rhino horn bIndian rhino horn cAfrican white rhino horn DAfrican black rhino horn.

e.Buffalo horn fYak horn g"Rhino horn" beaded hDonkey hoof box.

**a, b, c, d show the microstructure of the four rhino horns, from which it can be seen that their common characteristics are: rhino horn fibers are embedded in the fibrous interstitium with no fixed shape, the cross-sectional edge and medullary center are clearly visible, and the fiber cross-section is in an irregular shape such as round, triangular or marginal. In other words, they all have concentric circles and medullary cavities in common, which are the most typical characteristics of rhino horns.

However, the microstructure of domestic hooves and horns is fundamentally different from the structural characteristics of rhinoceros horns. The cross-sections of buffalo horn and yak horn all present a straight or wavy laminar structure, and there is no longitudinally arranged fiber. The cross-sectional characteristics of the "rhinoceros horn" beads and the donkey's hooves are similar, and they are scattered with holes of slightly different sizes and shapes, and there is no cortex similar to rhinoceros horn fibers around the holes (Figs. e, f, g, h). The structural characteristics of the "rhinoceros horn" beads are the same as those of domestic animal hooves, which can confirm that the so-called commercially available "rhinoceros horn" beads are actually imitations of domestic animal hooves.