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According to whether it can be moved, it is divided into fixed bridge, open bridge and pontoon bridge.
According to the structure, there are arch bridges, suspension bridges, cable-stayed bridges, and simply supported beam bridges.
Specific features: 1) Open bridge: refers to the bridge whose superstructure can be opened and closed by vertical rotation, horizontal rotation, and lifting for navigational needs.
2) Pontoon: a bridge that floats on the water with a boat or pontoon instead of a pier. The military pontoon bridge assembled by the army with standard equipment is called the boat bridge.
3) Arch bridge: It is a bridge with the arch as the main load-bearing member of the superstructure in the vertical plane. If a surface is formed in the powder layer inside the container that can withstand the pressure of the powder above without transmitting this pressure to the bottom, this surface is called an arch bridge.
The arch bridge is a curved surface that is raised upwards, and its maximum principal stress acts along the surface of the arch bridge, and the minimum principal stress along the vertical direction of the arch bridge is zero.
4) Suspension bridge, also known as suspension bridge, is composed of suspension cables, bridge towers, booms, anchor ingots, stiffening beams and bridge deck systems. The spanning capacity of the suspension bridge is the largest of the various bridge systems. According to the stiffness of the stiffening beam, the suspension bridge can be divided into two types: flexible and rigid.
5) Cable-stayed bridge: also known as diagonally tensioned bridge, is a kind of bridge that pulls the main beam directly on the bridge tower with many cables, and is a structural system that is composed of a compressed tower, a tensile cable and a bending beam. The cable-stayed bridge is composed of pylons, main beams, and cable-stayed cables.
6) Simply supported girder bridge: a girder bridge with both ends supported on a movable support and a hinged support as the main load-bearing structure. It belongs to a statically definite structure. According to the different materials used, it is divided into concrete bridge, reinforced concrete bridge, wooden bridge, stone bridge and brick bridge.
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Top 10 Famous Bridges in China.
Lugou Bridge is located 10 kilometers southwest of Guang'anmen Gate in Beijing. Built in 1189, it is a double-arched stone bridge about 265 meters long and has 241 pillars, each of which is carved with a lion.
Guangji Bridge is located outside the east gate of Chaozhou, Guangdong, is a comprehensive bridge of transportation and commercial use in ancient China, and is also the world's first switch-movable large stone bridge, which has the saying of "one mile long bridge and one mile city".
Wuting Bridge is located in the Slender West Lake in Yangzhou. The bridge base is 12 bluestone piers of different sizes; The body of the bridge is arch and rolled, united by 3 different roll holes, a total of 15 holes, the holes are connected, and the corridors between the pavilions are connected.
Anping Bridge is located in Anhai Town, Jinjiang, Fujian. The bridge deck is paved with 7 large stone slabs, and there is a hexagonal five-layer brick Song Tower at the head of the bridge, which is the largest girder-type stone bridge in ancient China, and has the reputation of "no bridge in the world is long this bridge".
Zhaozhou Bridge Located on the river in Zhao County, Hebei Province, Zhaozhou Bridge is a single-hole stone arch bridge with a deck width of 10 meters and 42 imitation plates on both sides carved with dragon beast-like reliefs.
Cross Bridge is located in the Jin Temple in Taiyuan City, Shanxi Province. The bridge is cross-shaped. The whole bridge is supported by 34 iron and blue octagonal stones, and the top of the column is connected with cypress bucket arches and longitudinal and cross beams, and the cross bridge deck is paved on it.
Fengyu Bridge is located on the Linxi River in Chengyang Village, Sanjiang County, Guangxi. It is a stone pier wood surface tile roof structure. There are 5 tower-shaped pavilions built on the bridge, which can shelter from wind and rain. The whole bridge does not need an iron nail, and it is delicate and strong.
The chain bridge is located on the Dadu River in Luding County, Sichuan. It is 136 meters long and 3 meters wide, and is tied to the cliffs on both sides of the bank by 13 iron chains with thick bowl mouths. Nine of the chains are lined side by side with wooden planks, which are the bridge deck, and the other two are on both sides of the bridge deck, which are handrails.
Each chain weighs about 2 tons.
Wuyin Bridge is located on the Shendao of Emperor Xiaoling of Shunzhi in Dongling, Hebei. The bridge deck is equipped with 126 calcite railings on both sides, which can make a wonderful sound when struck.
Yudai Bridge is located in the Summer Palace in Beijing. It is built of white stone, the arch ring is egg-pointed, and the bridge deck is bidirectional and curved. The bridge is carved with white marble, and the two sides are beautifully carved with white railings and pillars. It is known as the "fairy island on the sea".
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Find a well-known bridge on the Internet, don't be too cumbersome. Draw it according to **, and then encyclopedia of this bridge, just copy it. For example: Zhaozhou Bridge, West Lake Broken Bridge.
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It was written by Shen Congwen to his wife Zhang Zhaohe. This sentence comes from the letter "Shen Congwen to Zhang Zhaohe" in "Xiangxing Essays", which is Mr. Shen Congwen's answer to his wife Zhang Zhaohe's question about when he loved her, the original text is as follows:
I have crossed bridges in many places.
Seen many times in the clouds.
Drank many kinds of alcohol.
But he has only loved one person who is at the best age.
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This sentence is a love letter written by Shen Congwen to his wife Zhang Zhaohe. From "Xiangxing Essays". The original sentence reads, "I have walked over bridges in many places, seen clouds many times, drank many kinds of wine, but I have loved only one man of the right age." ”
The Xiangxing Book is a collection of letters and is the mother of the Xiangxing Essays. In 1934, because his mother was critically ill, Shen Congwen hurried back to Xiangxi. Before leaving, he agreed with his wife Zhang Zhaohe to write a letter to her every day to report what he saw and heard along the way.
This set of books is the product of the fulfillment of this agreement. "Xiangxing Essays" was written on the basis of the material accumulated in these letters.
From "Xiangxing Shujian" to "Xiangxing Essays", it provides us with an excellent example from material to creation. The texts that record their thoughts about each other are a true portrayal of the author's character and emotions.
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It was written by Shen Congwen to his wife Zhang Zhaohe. This sentence comes from "Xiangxing Essays": "I have walked on bridges in many places, seen clouds many times, and drank many kinds of wine, but I have only loved a person who is at the best age."
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Mr. Shen Congwen wrote to his wife Zhang Zhaohe.
I have walked on bridges in many places, seen clouds many times, drunk many kinds of wine, and yet I have loved only one man of the best age.
Shen Congwen.
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Descriptive ideas: take the content of the text as the theme, combine your own feelings, and describe it truthfully
The image of the old man in his heart is a glorious image of an old Communist Party member, in the face of the rushing flood, he sent the villagers to the bridge of life across death with his prestige and calm, high-spirited, and decisive command.
He gave up the hope of life to others to rent the mausoleum, left the danger of death to himself, and built an immortal bridge with his own flesh and blood, which was a "bridge" for our party's outstanding Communist Party members represented by the old party secretary to keep close contact with the masses.
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Writing ideas: When writing an expository essay, you must first find the things you describe, and the illustrative things of this topic are bridges, and you can start writing from the form of the bridge when writing.
There are many countless bridges in our lives. In the early days, people cut wood to make single-plank bridges, and then, people learned to make bridges out of stones, and it is said that some people used glutinous rice to make bridges, and with the development of science and technology, people learned to build bridges with cement and steel ......These countless bridges have brought convenience, speed and prosperity to our lives.
There are many bridges in the city of Wuhan, where I live. Let's talk about the bridge on the Yangtze River first, the first bridge built on the Yangtze River was the Wuhan Yangtze River Bridge, which was generally built in the Soviet Union and half made in China. The Great Leader *** once wrote:
A bridge flies north and south, and the moat becomes a thoroughfare. "The completion of the Yangtze River Bridge has made the dream of the first person come true. The bridge is very strong, and I heard from the teacher that countless ships have hit it since it was built, and it has been unscathed, which is really remarkable.
In addition, this bridge can be connected to both cars and trains, and it is a road and rail bridge, which brings convenience to people's lives. In the past, people could only cross the river by boat, which took at least 40 minutes, but now people can cross the bridge directly by car, which is much more convenient. Later, people built the Second Yangtze River Bridge, the Third Yangtze River Bridge, the Fourth Yangtze River Bridge, the Parrot Island Yangtze River Bridge, and the Erqi Yangtze River Bridge.
There are so many bridges, which bring convenience to people's travel. People from other provinces and cities saw that we had so many bridges here, and they all came to Wuhan to invest, making Wuhan more prosperous.
In addition to the bridges on the Yangtze River, there are many overpasses in Wuhan. These overpasses really extend in all directions, and people can pass in the four directions of southeast, northwest and unimpeded. I heard from one of my classmates that the overpass near their house was as tall as a ten-story building.
I was very surprised: such a high overpass, wouldn't it allow tens of thousands of people to stand on it at the same time or pass hundreds of cars at the same time, then the congestion in Wuhan could be greatly alleviated.
The most beloved is the light rail bridge. Now, many students and office workers are rushing to do light rail travel, why is that? First, it is more punctual; second, it will not cause traffic jams, and the speed is relatively fast; Third, the light rail is environmentally friendly and less polluting to the environment; Fourth, the light rail bridge is flat and does not sway from side to side, and people are very stable on it.
The light rail bridge has this'Pros, how can one not like it?
So many bridges have brought convenience to people's travel and added a charming color to our Wuhan. As a Wuhan native, I love the city of Wuhan, and I love the bridge of Wuhan even more.
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Zhaozhou Bridge. It is the world's oldest existing single-hole open-shoulder stone arch bridge with the largest span and the most complete preservation, with unique construction technology, and the first "open-shoulder arch" structural form in the history of bridges in the world, which has high scientific research value;
The carving knife technique is vigorous and powerful, the artistic style is novel and bold, showing the vigorous, strict and handsome stone carving style of the Sui Dynasty, and the bridge body decoration is finely carved, and has high artistic value. Zhaozhou Bridge occupies an important position in the history of bridge building in China and has a profound impact on bridge construction for future generations around the world.
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The Linyi River Bridge is located in Linyi City, Shandong Province, across the Yi River, and was completed in August 1964. The total length is 1719 meters, the bridge width is meters, and the superstructure is a reinforced concrete continuous plate girder with 5 holes and 1 group, and the span combination of each group is 8 + 3 10 + 8 meters. In 1983, a new bridge was built downstream of the bridge, and the two bridges were separated by 15 meters.
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During the summer vacation, my family and I went to the Yangtze River Bridge in Nanjing. The Nanjing Yangtze River Bridge is so long that I can't see the end, and I am out of breath when I run! The bridge is divided into two levels, the upper one is a wide road, and pedestrians and vehicles shuttle on the bridge, coming and going. And the next floor is the railway
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A contrasting writing technique is used.
Compare the performance of the old man and the villagers during the flash flood, and feel the majesty and calmness of the old man. Experience the richness of the metaphor "He is like a mountain". Experiencing the old man's fearlessness in the face of danger, the old man is the backbone of the villagers during the flash flood and plays an important role in stabilizing the mood of the villagers.
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The bridge is "beautiful" for two reasons:
One is two
2.Explain the meaning of the punctuated words in the passage in context.
Color: 3What did the two brothers do to show that they were no longer in harmony and friendship? Please briefly summarize.
4.There is a sentence in the text that names the carpenter who is going to build a bridge, and this sentence is "5What do you mean by the underlined sentence ("I'm sorry, I'd love to stay, but there's still a lot of bridge for me to build.
What does it mean? Please briefly summarize the image characteristics of the carpenter in conjunction with the full text.
One. The surface of the bridge is beautifully done.
Two. The bridge plays the role of reconnecting the two brothers, and the role he plays is beautiful, beautiful.
It's amazing, the elder brother wants to demonstrate to the younger brother, saying that he is not easy to mess with.
The younger brother dug a curve between the two estates, and the elder brother also planned to ask the carpenter to build a two-meter-high fence to show that he would never see his brother again.
My work will satisfy you.
The bridge here is not a bridge in the true sense of the word, but a "bridge of the heart" that symbolizes communication and understanding between people. This shows that the carpenter wants to help more people and promote more people to resolve conflicts and communicate with each other. It can be seen that the carpenter is a wise, kind, and helpful person.
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