Can I eat during the pediatric diarrhea test, and what tests are needed for children with diarrhea?

It should be possible, and the pediatric diarrhea test can sometimes be checked from the following aspects and **:

Heavy stool, foamy stool, coarse stool, food debris or undigested food are mostly caused by eating too much or having too much sugar in the food. For this kind of toddler, it is necessary to control the amount of food or reduce the sugar content in the food, and feed the toddler some rice soup, lotus root paste and other easily digestible foods can return to normal.

2.Breastfeeding toddlers found that the stool was foamy, egg-like, and acidic, mostly due to the high amount of milk and the high sugar content in the milk. In this case, it is not necessary to stop weaning, but to shorten the feeding time or extend the interval between feedings, and to feed an appropriate amount of tea water or lukewarm water in the intervals.

Put less sugar in the milk and gradually return to normal.

3.The stool is yellow-brown and watery or mixed with undigested milk petals, and accompanied by the pungent smell of rotten eggs, indicating that there is a disorder in the digestion and absorption of protein food, and the amount of protein in the complementary food should be reduced for such infants and young children. Breastfed toddlers can drink plenty of water before feeding to reduce the protein concentration in the milk.

When using cow's milk, you can add an appropriate amount of water and rice soup to the milk, and the concentration can be adjusted according to the age of the month.

4.The amount of stool is mostly pasty, the appearance is oily, and there are more milk flaps and fat droplets, and the odor is large, indicating fat indigestion. If you are breastfeeding, the mother should eat less fatty foods. Artificial feeding can be done with water and rice soup to dilute milk or use low-fat milk.

Diarrhea should also be given to the child to eat, a little salty, add salt, eat apples, there is an astringent effect, Smecta is fine, don't worry too much.

Laboratory tests.

1. Routine stool examination.

Stool microscopy should be examined for pus, leukocytes, red blood cells, and phagocytes, as well as ova, parasites, fungal spores, and hyphae. Sometimes it takes several repetitions to make sense and help in the diagnosis of diarrhoeal disease** and the etiology.

2. Stool culture is of great significance for determining the pathogen of diarrhea. The positive rate of 1 stool culture is low, and it needs to be done several times, and the positive detection rate can be increased by immediately culturing fresh specimens.

3. Fecal latex agglutination test.

It has diagnostic value for some viral enteritis, such as rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, etc. It has good sensitivity and specificity. May help with Campylobacter jejuni enteritis.

4. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay.

It is highly sensitive and specific for rotavirus. Useful in the diagnosis of rotavirus enteritis and other viral enteritis.

5. Polyacryloyl gel (PAGE) electrophoresis test.

This method can detect rotavirus subsets and different electrophoresis types, which is helpful for rotavirus classification and research.

6. Fecal reducing sugar examination.

When disaccharides are maldigested and absorbed, fecal reducing sugars are positive and the pH is <. Reducing sugar tests can be colorimetric using modified Ban's reagent or clinitest test strips. Secondary disaccharidase deficiency is much more common than primary deficiency, with sucrose-isomaltase deficiency being the most common in primary patients.

7. Stool electron microscopy.

Diagnostic for some viral enteritis. Such as rotavirus enteritis, norovirus enteritis, etc.

8. Blood white blood cell count and differential.

In viral enteritis, the total number of white blood cells is generally not elevated. The total number of white blood cells in bacterial enteritis may or may not be increased, and more than half of the children have an elevated rod nucleus, which is greater than 10%, which is helpful for the diagnosis of bacterial infection.

9. Blood culture.

It is diagnostic of bacterial enteritis such as bacillary dysentery, Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and positive blood cultures are helpful.

10。Blood biochemical examination should be timely checked for children with severe diarrhea, blood pH, carbon dioxide binding capacity, bicarbonate, blood sodium, blood potassium, blood chloride, carbon dioxide binding capacity, and blood osmolality, which are of great significance for diagnosis and **.

11。For other patients with persistent and chronic diarrhea, lactose, sucrose, or glucose tolerance test, expiratory hydrogen test (a quantitative non-invasive method for measuring carbohydrate malabsorption, which can be used if available), and fiberoptic colonoscopy may also be done if necessary.

What are the items to check for diarrhea in infants and young children?

1.Routine stool examination Microscopic examination of stool, noting the presence of pus, white blood cells, red blood cells, and phagocytic cells, should also pay attention to the presence of eggs, parasites, fungal spores, and hyphae, sometimes it takes several repetitions to make sense, which is helpful in the diagnosis of diarrheal disease and the etiology.

2.Stool culture is important to determine the cause of diarrhea, and the positive rate of one stool culture is low, so it needs to be done several times, and the positive detection rate can be increased by immediate culture of fresh specimens.

3.Stool latex agglutination test has diagnostic value for some viral enteritis, such as rotavirus, enteric adenovirus, etc., has good sensitivity and specificity, and is helpful for the diagnosis of Campylobacter jejuni enteritis.

4.Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) is highly sensitive, specific, and useful in the diagnosis of rotavirus enteritis and other viral enteritis.

5.Polyacryloyl gel (PAGE) electrophoresis test This method can detect rotavirus subsets and different electrophoresis types, which is helpful for rotavirus classification and research.

6.Fecal Reducing Sugar Test When disaccharide digestion and malabsorption occur, fecal reducing sugars are positive and pH is valued.

7.Stool electron microscopy has diagnostic value for some viral enteritis, such as rotavirus enteritis, norovirus enteritis, etc.

8.Blood white blood cell count and differential The total number of white blood cells in viral enteritis is generally not increased, but the total number of white blood cells in bacterial enteritis may or may not be increased, and more than half of children have an elevated rod nucleus, which is greater than 10%, which is helpful in the diagnosis of bacterial infection.

9.Blood cultures are diagnostic of bacillary dysentery, bacterial enteritis such as Escherichia coli and Salmonella, and positive blood cultures are helpful.

10.Blood biochemical examination For children with severe diarrhea, blood pH, carbon dioxide binding capacity, bicarbonate, blood sodium, blood potassium, blood chloride, and blood osmolality should be checked in time, which are of great significance for diagnosis and **.

11.Others For patients with protracted and chronic diarrhea, lactose, sucrose, or glucose tolerance test, expiratory hydrogen test (a quantitative non-invasive method for measuring carbohydrate malabsorption, which can be used if available), and fiber colonoscopy may also be done if necessary.

Sudden, severe diarrhea, significantly more frequent than usual, accompanied by vomiting, etc., is recommended for pediatrician visits. In severe cases, signs of dehydration, such as slow rebound on compressions**, may occur, and medical attention needs to be seen as soon as possible. Depending on the child's symptoms, the doctor may arrange tests such as stool routine and fecal occult blood.

During your appointment, your doctor is likely to ask questions such as:

Since when? How long has it been and has it worsened?

What is the color and texture of the stool? Is it a thin watery egg pattern and a thin paste? Is there mucus, blood or pus mixed in?

Do you have an increase in the frequency of bowel movements? How many times a day?

What is the mental response, whether abdominal pain, bloating and vomiting, and severity?

Can abdominal pain and bloating be relieved? What are the conditions that can be mitigated?

Do you have a fever or other symptoms?

Is the amount of urine you urinating decreasing? Do you have irritability, drowsiness or even coma?

Are there any self-medications? What medications were used and for how long? Are there any relief from the medication?

Laboratory tests.

Stool routine and fecal occult blood test: used to determine whether diarrhea is caused by invasive bacteria, and may be positive for red blood cells and white blood cells. Positive occult blood can be seen in food protein allergies, peptic ulcers and other diseases.

Pathogen and immunologic testing: can identify the type of pathogen and help diagnose and distinguish infectious diseases, such as rotavirus testing.

Routine blood tests: can determine whether there is anemia, and the blood picture of diarrheal disease caused by viral infection is often unchanged.

Blood electrolyte test: to determine whether there is a water-electrolyte and acid-base balance disorder.

Others: such as intestinal flora analysis, stool acidity, reducing sugars and bacterial culture, etc.

Imaging tests.

Color ultrasound, plain abdominal radiograph: According to the needs of the condition, if the pain continues to worsen and cannot be relieved, there is obvious metastatic right lower quadrant pain and other emergencies such as appendicitis and intestinal obstruction, the doctor may perform an examination such as color ultrasound and abdominal plain radiograph.

Pathological examination. Small bowel mucosal biopsy: may be required for prolonged, chronic diarrhea to understand the pathophysiology of chronic diarrhea.

If the child has diarrhea, he should go to the hospital to do blood routine, urine routine, and stool routine for the child, and the three basic examinations are to be done. Because diarrhea has infectious diarrhea, there is non-infectious diarrhea.

Diarrhea is what people call diarrhea, and it is necessary to go through a routine examination to see if there are white blood cells and red blood cells in the stool to determine whether it is infectious diarrhea or non-infectious diarrhea.

Because children with diarrhea are prone to dehydration, if there are ketones in the urine test, it means that the child is dehydrated, and the dehydration should be corrected in time. Another one, the blood routine is also to understand whether there is a bacterial infection, and the stool routine is mutually corroborative, so the three routine recommendations are all done.

If you have frequent abdominal pain, remember to have a parasitic test to see if it is caused by a parasitic infection.