What are the main insect pests of spring seedlings? What is the spring seedling pest control technol

After entering the spring, with the warming of the temperature and the increase of rain, some temperature-sensitive seedlings begin to germinate and begin to breed pests and diseases, and the spring management of seedlings is particularly important. So what are the main pests of spring seedlings? Next, I will introduce to you the spring seedling pest control technology.

Pest control technology for spring seedlings

1.Aphids

It is very common on seedlings in this area, and its hosts mainly include large-leaved boxwood, red leaf plum, peach, begonia, firethorn, violet, moon, oleander, etc. Not only does it cause leaf shriveling and poor growth, but it also makes it easy for seedlings to get sick. When the temperature is suitable, aphids multiply rapidly and the range of occurrence expands rapidly.

Measures: Damage should be dealt with at the first sight, especially on plots that were severely damaged in the previous year. 800 sprays with 40 percent toxosporine or 2,500 sprays with 25 percent cypermethrin.

2.Powdery mildew

Powdery mildew is a major disease on seedlings, and there are many susceptible tree species, including violets, peaches, moon flowers, narrow-leaved tengongs, large-leaved boxwood, etc. As the temperature rises, the amount of rainfall increases, and it will happen one after another.

Measures: When the new shoots grow to a certain extent, they can be sprayed with 600 times the solution.

For seedlings that have already occurred, it is necessary to seize the initial stage of the disease, and use 15% powder rust rather than wetting powder 1,500 times the solution. If the condition is severe, spray again every two weeks or so.

3.Mealworms

The seedlings of star poplar and peach-necked poplar in our area mainly occur in the host trunk with larvae for overwintering, especially poplar, willow, elm, sapling, luan, peach, plum and other tree species, once the ground around the trunk appears fresh insect droppings, indicating that the overwintering larvae have begun to feed, once the ground around the trunk appears fresh manure.

Procedure: It should be killed by using a wire hook or plugging the hole with a thirty-fold solution of poison wire or dichlorvos.

4.Leaf mites and crown mites

In late March, leaf mites will begin to be active on some seedlings.

Measures: Spray 15% of the dipyridoxin emulsifier. Crested mites affecting rhododendrons, firethorn, peaches, plums, safflowers, and cherry blossoms are expected to emerge from late April.

Chemical control, the use of avermectin 2500 times or 2.5 percent of the 3,000 times of the extravaghanin, spraying with the back of the leaf as the focus.

Aphids, wild borers, boxwood moths, scale insects, grubs, these are relatively common, and they must be treated in time and sprayed with pesticides on time.

There are many, such as aphids, spider mites, scale insects, blight, powdery mildew, etc., to spray pesticides, pay attention to the composition of pesticides, pay attention to the efficacy.

The management of spring seedlings mainly pays attention to the prevention of diseases, fertilizers, moisture and frost. Common diseases of spring seedlings include cataplexy, blight, root rot and so on. In spring, it is necessary to avoid over-thickening the top dressing, and try to use dilute and well-rotted fertilizer to water the seedlings.

In early spring, it is necessary to keep warm before frost and cold snaps according to the cooling situation.

When managing seedlings in spring, attention should be paid to temperature and water sources. Therefore, measures should be taken to protect the seedlings from cold and frost. Then pay attention to watering to prevent spring drought.

Fertilization, watering, pruning, light, temperature, different plants have different nutrient needs, and must be managed scientifically.

(1) Plant quarantine.

Eliminate the invasion of insect sources.

2) Artificial measures for prevention and control.

Hunting and killing Pests with swarms and fake death using manpower or simple equipment. For example, knocking on a tree branch in the evening shakes off the beetle, and the overwintering cyst cocoon is manually removed. Hook and kill the heavenly bull, etc.

Booby-trap Use the tendency of pests to set up lights, poisonous bait, etc. to trap and kill insects. Such as black light moths, yellow plate moths, sweet and sour moths, etc.

Blocking Artificial barriers are set up to prevent the migration and spread of larvae or adults who are not good at flying.

High-temperature insecticide Kill pests in seeds, fruits, and wood by soaking seeds in hot water, high-temperature exposure, and infrared radiation.

3) Biological control.

Use biological or metabolic substances to control pests. Ecological safety, the effect is good, but the control effect is slow. The main methods are: insect control, bird insect control, fungus insect treatment, etc., as well as genetic control, hormone control, sterility technology, etc.

4) Chemical control.

It can be controlled by spraying with pesticides.

Grubs, ground tigers, crickets, etc. Focus on prevention. The garden control method is to rationally use the technical measures of garden cultivation and management, purposefully change some ecological environment, avoid or reduce the occurrence of diseases and insects, and achieve the purpose of protecting the normal growth of plants.

Choosing seeds and seedlings that are free of pests and diseases is an important measure. In addition to considering the conditions of water sources and soil, the establishment of parks and nurseries should also pay attention to the situation of pests and diseases, and the investigation of underground pests should be carried out before planning and design. Deep soil modification or removal of dead seedlings in winter can kill a large number of pests and diseases that overwinter in the soil and parasitize on dead trees.

Combined with winter pruning and spring bud peeling, it can not only directly eliminate the overwintering pests and diseases on the branches, but also destroy the ecological conditions of the pests and diseases, so as to inhibit the harm of pests and diseases. Reasonable fertilization can not only promote the rapid growth of seedlings, but also enhance the ability of seedlings to resist diseases and pests.

Dead branches and fallen leaves and weeds in parks and nurseries are all places where pests and diseases lurk. Pruning dead branches, sweeping away fallen leaves, and removing weeds can all eliminate a large number of overwintering pests and diseases.

Biological control method is based on the interspecific struggle that exists in nature, and makes full use of certain organisms or biological metabolites to prevent and control pests and diseases. Biological control can change the composition of biological populations and inhibit the occurrence and development of pests and diseases. Biological control methods have many advantages, such as being safe for humans and animals, no pollution, no rampant pests and diseases, and the formation of resistance, and can often work.

The biological control method is relatively economical, can be bred under simple conditions, and generally does not require a lot of manpower and material resources when applied, which is conducive to popularization and application. Biological control methods are more limited by natural conditions. Artificial culture is still difficult to master the technology, the relationship between biological species is complex, sometimes the effect is not ideal, in recent ten years due to the irrational application of chemical pesticides, there are some problems, biological control law has been a new development.

However, it must be fully realized that the biological control method cannot only replace other prevention and control methods, but also has its certain limitations, and must be organically coordinated with other prevention and control methods to carry out comprehensive prevention and control in order to give full play to its due effect.

The use of biological pest control can be roughly divided into three aspects: insect control, fungus insect control, and the use of beneficial birds

The main methods for the prevention and control of cataplexy and blight are as follows:

1) Soak seeds with 50% carbendazim wettable powder mixed with 500 times of water for 1 hour;

2) The substrate used for seedling cultivation is sprayed with 500 times of Xinzi flower and tree fungicide;

3) The sowing amount should not be too large; When sowing, the bottom water should be watered appropriately, not excessive, but also to ensure that there is no need to water after sowing and before vomiting; Avoid the occurrence of high temperature and high humidity in the seedling site; If the disease is found, the diseased seedlings and their surrounding seedlings should be removed in time;

4) At the beginning of the disease, spray Chunyu No. 1 + Jihe (30% allicin), and at the same time, root watering or 15% 450 times of Oxamine water agent once every 5-7 days, 2-3 times.

1. Trunk healing.

Dry branches and seedling injuries 121 caused by greening seedling diseases, insects, frost, sunburn, pruning, hail disasters and other reasons are often the invasion of diseases and insects. It is an effective way to prevent the invasion of diseases and insects by promoting the healing of wound 121 and restoring the tree as soon as possible.

Remove dead dry branches. to the stems and branches of the seedlings that have died. It is to be sawn flat or cut from near the wound. For lightly injured branches and branches that have been drawn, cut off at a place where the line between life and death is clear, and the incision should be smooth and coated with a protective agent or wax to facilitate wound healing.

Scrape off the rotting bark. Use a quick knife to scrape the bark of the diseased part in time, apply 75 alcohol or 1 to 3 potassium permanganate solution for disinfection, and then apply wax or protective agent to promote wound healing.

For the branches that are blown or broken by strong winds, the half-split branch wounds 121 with mild lacerations can be lifted or propped up after disinfection treatment. Tie it tightly with rope or wire to make the wound fit seamlessly, and it can be untied after half a year of healing and recovery.

Second, the trunk gluing method.

For some pests with the migration habits of upper and lower trees, such as spring inchworm and poplar poison moth that harm poplar, willow, elm, locust, birch, maple and other green seedlings, pine caterpillar that damages pine trees, cinnabar leaf mites and other pests that harm locust trees, tree trees, jujube trees and other trees. Use sticky shellac to stick it to death. The product has strong adhesion, long efficacy, non-toxic, non-polluting and low cost.

It has a wide range of application prospects.

How to use: First, you can apply gluctic glut directly to the trunk: second, use a tape 1,5 cm to 2 cm wide to wrap it around the smooth part of the trunk.

Then apply shellac evenly on top. Do not stick to the weeds when applying, so as to prevent the weeds from bridging and leaving the body, so that the pests can escape from the viscose.

The two most important diseases of garden plants: seedling cataplexy and blight!

The pathogenic bacteria of cataplexy are mainly Pythium melons and fruits; The causative bacterium of blight is Rhizoctonia blight. The main conditions for the onset of these two diseases are:

1. The soil maintains high temperature for a long time.

2. The temperature is not conducive to lositism, that is, plants suitable for growing at higher temperatures encounter low temperatures; Plants that germinate and grow at lower temperatures encounter high temperatures.

3. The soil has too much nitrogen fertilizer, and the seedlings grow slowly and thinly.

4. Stubble with high bacterial load.

Their methods of prevention and control are:

1. Avoid continuous cropping, especially in the severely ill plots, and the soil should be fully turned over and disinfected before sowing. The agent can be carbendazim, tobuzin, etc. Apply according to instructions.

2. The diseased plants that have occurred blight should be uprooted and burned in time to prevent the sclerotia from falling into the soil, and sprinkle medicine or lime on the diseased holes, sometimes the sclerotia can be mixed in the seeds, and the seeds can be treated with 10% saline.

3. Improve growth conditions, cultivate strong seedlings, and improve disease resistance. Apply more decomposed fertilizer, control irrigation, do not overheat the soil, sow seeds in a timely manner, and do not make it affected by low temperature.

4. In the early stage of the disease, use pesticides to prevent and control the epidemic of diseases, generally spray 2-3 times, with an interval of about 10 days, apply to the rhizome and the ground, and the agent can choose 50% carbendazim warm powder or 50% tobuzin warm powder and seedling ling.

**"Garden Learning Network.