Understanding of surgery, introduction to surgery

The most striking feature of surgery is that it is mainly surgical. Its scope has been shaped and constantly changed throughout the history of medical development. While ancient surgery was limited to superficial diseases and trauma, modern surgery includes injuries, infections, tumors, deformities, and other diseases that are mainly surgical**.

The operating departments are all surgery. Hey, the surgery department generally treats surgical patients more, such as enema, preoperative skin preparation and other common things, and internal medicine has more operations such as blood pressure measurement and blood sugar.

In snake bites, the head of the venomous snake is generally triangular, and the bottom of the fangs has venom glands that secrete venom. At the bite of a venomous snake, there are 2 to 4 tooth marks, clotting spots, or the wound is bleeding continuously. The ** at the bite site will soon appear red, swollen, purple, and necrosis.

Sensitivity to colds, nausea, vomiting, or shortness of breath all over the body.

Breast cancer often occurs in breastfeeding women, with primiparous women being the most common, usually within three to four weeks after giving birth. It is mainly due to bacterial infection or accumulation of milk. In the early stage, redness, swelling, pain, and severe swelling and pain will be aggravated, and there will be cold, fever and other systemic symptoms, and an abscess will be formed in a short period of time.

Acute appendicitis, which is often affected by people around us, commonly known as "appendicitis", is a common acute abdomen. Pain is often sudden in the epigastric or periumbilicus that then metastasizes to the right lower quadrant and is present with fixed tenderness and localized muscle tension or rebound tenderness. It is accompanied by fever, nausea, vomiting and other symptoms.

Acute cholecystitis, which is often caused by bacterial infections and gallstones, is more common in adults. The main symptom is usually persistent pain in the right upper quadrant, which can radiate to the back of the right shoulder after paroxysmal exacerbation, and is sometimes accompanied by fever and cold intolerance. There is marked tenderness in the upper right quadrant, and sometimes the enlarged gallbladder can be palpated.

Stone disease, gallstones are mainly manifested as biliary colic, and patients often feel sudden and unbearable pain in the right upper abdomen. Urinary tract stones, also called stone showers, are stones in the kidneys, ureters, or bladder. The main symptom is a dull ache in the lower back, with paroxysmal cramps at the time of the attack.

Kidney stones, hematuria after pain, worsening after exercise or exertion. Bladder stones, if the urethral tube is blocked, there will be a phenomenon of not being able to urinate, this condition is very serious.

Chronic osteomyelitis is caused by purulent bacteria such as tonsillitis that invade the bones through the bloodstream and destroy the bones. The onset is very acute, cold intolerance, and high fever. The affected area is severely painful, inconvenient to move, and tender to the touch.

Later, local redness, swelling, heat and pain. The abscess is punctured and drains pus. At this time, systemic symptoms gradually resolve and chronic osteomyelitis becomes present.

Surgery is an important part of medical science, and its scope has been formed throughout the historical development of medicine, and it is constantly changing. In ancient times, the scope of surgery was limited to a few superficial diseases and injuries; However, with the development of medical science, the diseases of various systems and organs of the human body have gained a clearer understanding of the first and pathological aspects, coupled with the continuous improvement of diagnostic methods and surgical techniques, the scope of modern surgery has included many internal diseases.

Surgery is a science that studies the occurrence, development of surgical diseases and their clinical manifestations, diagnosis, prevention and treatment, and is a professional department with surgical resection and repair as the main means of treatment. With the application of microsurgical techniques, surgery has been greatly developed. The principle of specialization in the Department of Surgery in each hospital is similar to that of internal medicine, and usually corresponds to that of internal medicine.

Surgical diseases fall into five broad categories: trauma, infection, tumors, deformities, and functional impairment.

The surgeon is selected from "Xuetao**", written by Jiang Yingke. Jiang Yingke was a literary scholar in the Ming Dynasty, and his essay writing was extremely profound. "Xuetao**", "Tan Cong", "Tan Yan", "Wen Ji", "Harmonious History" five kinds, legendary and witty, easy to come, unique lyrical spirit, and interesting; At the end of the late Ming Dynasty, crises lurked, and the feelings of worrying about the country and the people were also written in the Ming Dynasty.