What are the three hearts and four virtues in Buddhism?

Reveal the original "three from four virtues" and solve the misunderstandings of thousands of years.

The three minds are "the mind of the past, the mind of the present, and the mind of the future", and the reason why sentient beings suffer is that they are too attached to the thoughts of the past, the anxieties of today, and the worries of the future.

The four phases are "me, people, sentient beings, and long-lived beings", that is, ordinary people understand the life of the world and the universe with dualistic opposites, so there are advantages and shortcomings.

1. About me:

Charming and possessed treasures, learning, and family names, and despised all people, and their names and names. This is the deep-seated ego, which is what psychology calls self-awareness.

2. About human appearance:

It is to look at others with a discriminating mind, thinking that he is a good person, a very capable person, or a villain, an unsociable person, and so on. If it is really a bodhisattva, the mind will see the original nirvana of all sentient beings, see the Buddha nature of sentient beings, and see the appearance of the Dharma realm.

3. Appearance of all beings:

It is to transcend the self and human appearances, and no longer distinguish them, but to divide all beings into two categories, one is Buddhas and Bodhisattvas, and the other is sentient beings. Sentient beings have not yet attained enlightenment, while bodhisattvas and Buddhas are enlightened. If we look at it this way, we see delusion and enlightenment as two different things, that is, we have not seen the Buddha-nature of all beings as equals with all Buddhas, and we have not realized the emptiness of all dharmas.

4. The appearance of the longevity:

It refers to the fact that there is a life root, which is much more subtle than the self, the human face, and the sentient beings, and there is no distinction between you, me and him, but there is a sense of continuity of existence and life, eternal longevity, eternal life, and immortality as the Taoist Neidan talks about.

"Three subordination" refers to a woman who is unmarried and follows her father, marries to her husband, and her husband dies to her son; The "four virtues" refer to women's virtues, women's words, women's appearance, and women's skills.

1. Three slaves. "From" has multiple meanings – to obey, to follow, to obey, to follow, and so on. Women who are required to abide by the three morals cannot be self-exclusive and autonomous (objectifying women), but must act in accordance with the father's orders, husband's will, and son's will, so as to be filial to women, virtuous wives, and good mothers.

2. Four virtues. Originally, it was the training and cultivation of the four necessary cultivation of court women, virtue (virtue), speech (speech), appearance (appearance), and skill (gong), including the four educational contents of traditional "women's science", so Confucianism called "four teachings", also known as "four elements".

Originating from the education of court women, it belonged to the "yin ceremony" (the etiquette that women observed) and the "yin office" (the duties of women), and soon extended to the cultivation of women in the upper class families.

Three from the four virtues of evaluation:

In feudal society, three obedience and four virtues have a very important binding force for women, and it is an important criterion for men to choose women. However, it restricts women's intolerance behavior, and the status of men and women should be treated equally, and the feudal idea of male superiority and inferiority of women in feudal society is abandoned.

The three obedience and four virtues are the feudal etiquette that oppresses and binds women, and is based on the needs of the patriarchal family, the maintenance of patriarchal authority, the husband's authority, and the interests of the family"Men are inferior to women"The principle excessively requires women to strictly abide by the constraints of feudal etiquette and religion in their thoughts and morals, speech and demeanor, and their appearance and attitude.

Men and women should be based on equal treatment, so that they can live in harmony in family life, and society should develop and progress, abandon the old etiquette and religion, and absorb good moral character and cultivation.

The above content reference: Encyclopedia - Three from Four Virtues.

三自四德 [ sān cóng sì dé ].

Explanation]: One of the moral standards that feudal etiquette binds women.

From the manuscript banquet]: "Etiquette, Mourning Clothes, Zixia Biography": "Women have the righteousness of three obedience, and there is no special way.

Therefore, if you do not marry your father, you will marry your husband, and your husband will die from your son. "Zhou Li, Heavenly Official": "The nine concubines are in charge of the law of women's learning, and the nine teachings are royal:."

Women's morality, women's words, women's appearance, women's skills. ”

Example]: I never go out of the boudoir, and I am ashamed to answer how to peep at the man, then I am a young idle habit, and I must chase other chickens when I marry a chicken.

The third fold of Yuan Anonymous's "Fighting Wits Across the River".

Syntax]: associative; as the subject and object; Derogatory.

synonyms: 100 according to 100 obedience, three outlines and five constants, adversity and obedience, courtesy, righteousness and shame.

Antonyms: independent, perverse, rebellious.

Example. 1.With the changes of the times, women have been accompanied by faith to get rid of the concept of Sanlu Jinglun from the four virtues.

2.Three obedience and four virtues are the spiritual shackles imposed on women by feudal society.

3.Requiring modern women to abide by the three obediences and four virtues will inevitably attract anachronistic ridicule.

4.This person doesn't have any actual skills, and he just eats with three from four virtues.

5.Only by completely getting rid of the feudal etiquette and religion such as the three obediences and four virtues can women be emancipated.

Three from: never gentle, never considerate, never reasonable. Side:

Say you can't "get", you can't fight, you can't scold, you can't provoke "get"! Although there are many jokes in this statement, it is not difficult to see that the "three obedience and four virtues" in this new era are full of rejection and ridicule of women's lack of morality.

There is an ancient saying that "a woman is virtuous if she is not talented". It doesn't matter if a woman is not talented, the most important thing is to have good virtue. It is a woman's duty to cultivate oneself and educate others with virtue.

That's why there will be "three from four virtues". Three slaves: "Unmarried from the father, married from the husband, and the husband from the son; Side:

Women's morality, women's words, women's appearance, women's skills. ”

In ancient times, there were three from the four virtues of the content of the detailed explanationUnmarried obedience to the father: It means that one should obey the filial father before marrying;

Marriage and servant: It means that after getting married, you must assist your husband;

Husband's death: It means that after the death of the husband, he should raise and teach his son.

Women's morality: women's morality;

Women's words: Women's words should be polite, not rumors. That is, don't gossip in modern society;

Women's appearance: A woman's demeanor is what kind of performance she has on any occasion. It can also be used in the kitchen, out of the hall to understand;

Women's work: Women's carmine makeup, which is now makeup. Women are the ones who please themselves.