The main pests and diseases of peanuts, how should we solve them?

Leaf spot disease is characterized by brown lesions on the leaves and gray mold in later stages. When the lesion is severe, it enlarges and forms into one. The prevention and control method is to spray with methyl tobuzine wettable powder or chlorothalonil wettable powder, spraying twice a month.

Bacterial wilt is caused by bacteria and occurs most severely during the flowering period, when the flowers fall off, the vascular bundles change color, the leaves at the top of the stem wilt, and then the other leaves die, but do not turn yellow. The main cause of the disease is that the growing environment is too hot and humid, which leads to the growth of bacteria.

<> In order to prevent the occurrence of bacterial wilting disease, it is necessary to first select varieties with good resistance, and then soak the seeds with high-lipid membrane solution; If the disease is already on, it should be sprayed with streptomycin, and foliar fertilizer can also be sprayed to help inhibit bacteria. A common pest of peanuts. Common pests of peanuts include aphids, grubs, ground tigers, etc.

Agricultural prevention and control. Reasonable crop rotation: The first crop of peanuts is corn, millet and other grasses, so avoid repeated planting.

Deep leaf ploughing in autumn: Deep defoliation in autumn can turn pests to the ground, leaving them exposed to death or pecked by birds, reducing the source of insects.

What are the common pests and diseases of peanuts? These prevention and control methods are recommended that you collect. Pharmaceutical prevention and control.

Seed coating: Seed coating agent is used before sowing, which can also effectively prevent rodent infestation. Soil Treatment:

Before sowing, 3% carbofuran kilograms or 3% kilograms of phosphorus mixed granules were evenly distributed in the field and turned into the soil shallowly*; Or sprinkle carbofuran and phosphorus mixed granules in the sowing furrow, after sowing; Pesticides can also be mixed into organic fertilizer as base fertilizer. Larval control: In late June and late July, at the peak hatching period and juvenile stage of dung beetles, 35-45 kg of phosphine granules per hectare are added with fine*250-300 kg sprinkled in the rooting area of flowering stage, shallow hoeing*.

Roots can also be irrigated with 50% phoxanthion or 90% trichlorfon 1000 times.

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Select disease-resistant varieties, and carry out pesticide soaking, strengthen field cultivation management, apply foot fertilizer, reasonable dense planting, improve the disease resistance of plants, reduce the occurrence of pests and diseases, after the occurrence of diseases, the use of 50% carbendazim wettable powder 1500 times liquid spray control.

The quality of seeds should be selected in advance, the seeds should be mixed with chemicals for disinfection, the soil should be improved, the temperature and humidity should be suitable for planting, weeding in time, spraying poisons to prevent diseases and pests, and reasonable fertilization and top dressing.

For the early stage of stem rot, do a good job of seed elimination, use 50% carbendazim according to the seed amount of 0 3 for pesticide seed dressing, and spray the whole field with 75 chlorothalonil 600 times or 25 fenning 500 times liquid in the early stage of peanut rust.

Aphids, aphids mainly invade the stem and leaf part of the peanut, suck the juice of the peanut leaves, and reproduce rapidly, and if not treated in time, it will harm the growth of the peanut. Early detection, early control, the use of dimethoate spray, can effectively kill aphids.

Grubs. The grub is an attack on the underground fruit of peanuts, it not only eats the shell and fruit of peanuts, but also bites off the roots of peanuts, so that the plant dies, and serious flower diseases will also harm a large area of peanuts, causing death and reducing yield. The measures that should be taken are first of all to put a lot of effort into the soil before sowing, evenly sprinkle carbofuran or phosphorus, and cooperate with tillage and turn into the soil, which can be effectively controlled.

After planting, it can be buried near the roots of peanuts with phosphine mixed with fine soil to achieve effective control effects.

Stem rot. Peanuts with stem rot will show that the cotyledons turn black and gradually lose moisture, resulting in dry rot. If left untreated in the late stages, the black-brown affected area will decay, from leaf to stem, until the plant dies on the ground.

One way to control peanut stem rot is to select Hengqinhong peanut seeds with good resistance or no pathogens before planting. And the same crop cannot be planted more than once on the same plot. Another method is to choose drug spraying after the onset of the disease, spraying carbendazim 2-3 times with 800 times solution, which can effectively prevent stem rot from continuing to worsen every about a week.

Root rot. Peanuts can occur throughout their growth and development. The onset of the disease is manifested as the yellowing process of the leaves from the bottom up, and the leaves gradually fall off in the later stage, and the root system decays to death.

Carbendazim was used to dress seeds before planting, field management was done, and carbendazim (50%) was sprayed with 1000 times after planting to prevent and control disease.

1. Root rot: Before sowing, use fludioxonil to dress peanut seeds, and spray benconazole after the onset of disease. 2. Stem rot:

Diphenyl preconiconazole was used for seed dressing during sowing, and carbendazim was sprayed after the onset of the disease. 3. Bacterial wilt: peanuts are planted in rotation and stubble, and agricultural streptomycin is sprayed after disease.

4. White silk disease: spray thiophanate-methyl once a week.

1. Root rot

Peanut is prone to root rot at the seedling stage, resulting in root rot and seedling death, when preventing root rot, it is necessary to use carbendazim and fludioxonil agents to dress peanut seeds before sowing to improve disease resistance.

2. Stem rot:

Peanut in the seedling stage of continuous rainy weather or heavy stubble plots, will suffer from stem rot, resulting in water-stained spots on the stem, and continue to expand, resulting in seedling wilting and death, to prevent stem rot, to use difenoconazole seed dressing before sowing, the initial slow period of the disease can be sprayed to peanut seedlings carbendazim.

3. Bacterial wilt

After peanut seedlings are infected with bacterial wilt, milky white pus will appear at the rhizome, resulting in wilting of leaves, and the prevention and control of bacterial wilt requires the peanut rotation stubble planting, and reasonable provision of water and fertilizer, and after the disease, it is necessary to spray agricultural streptomycin, leaf dry azole and other agents to the field for sterilization.

4. White silk disease

The appearance of white silk on the rhizome of peanut seedlings indicates that the plant suffers from white silk disease, resulting in the inability to transport water and nutrients normally, resulting in yellow and dry leaves of the seedlings.

Common diseases of peanuts mainly include stem rot, root rot, leaf spot, rust and so on. The following are the control methods for common peanut pests and diseases:

1. Stem rot.

Symptoms: The cotyledons at the seedling stage are black-brown, dry rot, and then extend to the base of the stem along the petiole to become yellow-brown water-soaked lesions, and finally become black-brown rot, and later onset, first at the base of the stem or the main side branches, water-soaked lesions, yellow-brown and then black-brown, and the aboveground part wilts and dies.

Prevention and control methods: stem rot is mainly based on seed fungus, continuous cropping is serious, early sowing is serious, so reasonable crop rotation should be implemented, seeds should be fully dried before storage, and seeds should be dried and selected before sowing, without mildew and poor quality seeds, do a good job of seed disinfection, and use 50 carbendazim according to the seed amount 0 3 for pesticide seed dressing.

2. Root rot.

Symptoms: The base of the stem is water-soaked, yellow-brown, the plant is short, the leaves are dry from the bottom up, the main lateral roots turn brown and rot, and only the brown and shriveled taproots are left in the later stage.

Control methods: reasonable crop rotation, strict seed selection, dry seeds, 50 carbendazim seed dressing with a seed amount of 0 3, and 50 carbendazim 1000 times liquid whole field spray in the early stage of the disease.

3. Leaf spot disease (mainly including brown spot and black spot).

Symptoms: Brown spot lesions are round, dark brown, large, with yellow halos on the outer edge of the lesions, and gray mold in the later stage; The lesions are round, black-brown, and there are no yellow halos around the lesions, and the lesions are smaller than those of the brown spots.

Control methods: reasonable crop rotation; selection of disease-resistant varieties; The high temperature and rainy month is the key period for the prevention and control of leaf spot disease, and 50 carbendazim 800 times liquid or 75 chlorothalonil wettable powder 600 times liquid or 70 mancozeb 800 times can be sprayed every 15 days, a total of 2 3 times.

4. Peanut rust.

Symptoms: The bottom leaf begins to occur first, the leaf produces yellow blisters, small shape, with a very narrow yellow halo around it, the epidermis is cracked and rust-colored powder is scattered, and in severe cases, the leaves are yellow, dry and fall off.

Prevention and control methods: In the early stage of the disease, 75 chlorothalonil 600 times liquid or 25 fenning 500 times liquid whole field spray.

Chinese peanut virus.

There are different types of diseases such as light mottling, yellow mosaic leaves, common mosaic leaves, and bud wilt.

Peanut light mottle virus disease, caused by peanut streak virus, susceptible plants first appear green spots on the top young leaves, and then develop into light green and green light mottled and mottled, along the leaf veins have intermittent green streaks and oak leaves flowers and leaves and other symptoms. The early susceptible plants are slightly dwarfed, and the dwarf is not obvious in the later stage. The epidemic of mild mottle disease in the field has the characteristics of early onset, rapid diffusion, early formation of peak, and high epidemic frequency.