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In the process of growing vegetables, it is inevitable to suffer from some pests and diseases, and the use of pesticides is also unavoidable. Whether the control of underground pests will have a residual impact on vegetables can be prevented from the following aspects:
1. Try to use low-toxicity pesticide products.
Some of the drugs used to control underground pests are very toxic, some are moderately toxic, some are low-toxicity, and some are usually used with high-efficiency, low-toxicity pollution-free products that will not have any effect, such as phosphine.
Granules, avermectin.
granules, etc. But those products that are highly toxic and high residue, such as carbofuran.
Phosphine, chlorpyrifos.
Organophosphorus products such as granules can have an impact on vegetables with excessive pesticide residues. At present, the use of these products in vegetables is basically prohibited or restricted. But in any case, it can have a residual effect in vegetable production.
2. Spray in strict accordance with the dosage specified in the pesticide label.
In order to avoid excessive pesticide residues, spraying should be carried out in strict accordance with the dosage specified on the pesticide label. In the process of using pesticides, it is necessary to alternate the use of pesticides, mix them reasonably, and avoid long-term use of the same pesticide products, which has poor control effects. Reasonable rotation and stubble retention of vegetables can also be implemented.
At the same time, to avoid harvesting crops at safe intervals, it is best to stay as long as possible away from the time of the last spraying.
3. Chemical control.
Nicotine. Pesticides must be used to control underground pests. Since this pesticide is not only low in toxicity but also has good systemic properties, it can be used in vegetables and other crops. In recent years, the app has become more and more recognized by farmers. For example, thiamethoxam is commonly used.
Thiaxoxam, imidacloprid.
All are nicotine insecticides and have a wide range of uses.
Fourth, the prevention of vegetable diseases and pests.
When using farmhouse fertilizer, it should be fully fermented to kill the eggs of pests and reduce the occurrence of pests; Use low-toxicity and high-efficiency pesticides, biological pesticides to reduce pesticide residues; Underground pests can be controlled with agricultural measures, winter eggs can be eliminated by autumn irrigation, and pests can be submerged by irrigation.
5. General analysis of pesticide residues.
1.Avermectin: Abamectin technology products are easy to decompose when exposed to light. Different manufacturers will add different additives to make them last longer. Usually half-life.
It takes about 5 days, and the final decomposition is usually 15 days.
2.Chlorpyrifos: As an alternative to the high pesticide 3911, the market for chlorpyrifos was once very hot. Chlorpyrifos has a half-life of two months and is susceptible to precipitation and irrigation, leaching in the soil.
3.Phosphine: sensitive to light and easy to decompose, but the residual period in the soil is long, generally about two months.
Use drugs rationally, do not use drugs during the safe period, and do not use drugs before harvest. Improve the efficacy of the drug and prohibit excessive pesticide residues.
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1.If a low-pesticide toxicity drug is used, it will be recycled by the vegetables and will not have a residual effect. 2.
In the case of avermectins, it has the property of being easy to decompose when seen by light, and it will have a residual effect on vegetables. 3.If it is a nicotinoid insecticide.
Because the residue of this type of agent vegetables is particularly low.
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In the production process of vegetables, if pesticides are used, they will have a certain impact on health to a greater or lesser extent. Therefore, it is necessary to breed good varieties and reduce the use of pesticides.
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Yes, there will be a lot of pesticides on the surface, so they will remain on the surface of the vegetables, which will also lead to a decrease in the yield of vegetables and a decrease in quality.
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There will be an impact, when using drugs to control underground pests, we should try to choose a relatively low toxicity, which can reduce the impact on vegetables.
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Yes. Because these things have a certain toxicity, vegetables will also absorb these things, so the vegetables produced in this way have some harm.
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Yes, because these things are inevitably toxic, vegetables will also receive these equipment, and the vegetables produced as promised have some harm.
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Whether the drugs used to control underground pests will cause residues to the vegetables produced are analyzed from the following five levels: 1Use low-toxicity pesticide products as much as possible; 2.
Strictly carry out spraying in accordance with the dosage required by pesticide labeling; 3.prevention and control of organic chemical drugs; 4.prevention of vegetable diseases; 5.
Pesticide residues approximately dissected.
In the process of planting vegetables, it is inevitable to suffer from some diseases, and the application of pesticides can not be prevented, for the prevention and control of underground pests will not cause residual harm to vegetables, can be prevented from the following levels:
1.Use low-toxicity pesticide products as much as possible;
Drugs for the prevention and control of underground pests, some are toxic, some are moderately toxic, some are low toxic, and some high-efficiency and low-toxicity non-polluting commodities that are used normally are not easy to be affected, such as phosphine tablets. avermectin tablets, etc. However, violating the regulations makes these hazardous chemicals.
High-residue commodities like Carbofuran. Phorate. Methyl parathion commodities such as chlorpyrifos tablets will cause excessive harm to pesticide residues in vegetables, and the use of such commodities in vegetables is almost prohibited or limited at this stage.
However, in any case, it will cause residual hazards in the production of vegetables.
2.Strictly carry out spraying in accordance with the dosage required by pesticide labeling;
In order to better prevent pesticide residues from exceeding the standard, it is necessary to strictly carry out spraying in accordance with the dosage required by pesticide labeling, and ensure that the pesticides are taken alternately and effectively mixed in the whole process of using pesticides. Mixed use to prevent the use of the same pesticide commodity for a long time, and the actual effect on the prevention and control is not good. Effective rotation of vegetables can also be promoted.
Stubble. At the same time, in order to prevent the harvest of crops during the safety observation period, it is best to ensure that the spacing is as long as possible, and the final spraying time is as long as possible.
3.prevention and control of organic chemical drugs;
Controlling underground pests is definitely a matter of using nicotine insecticides. Because this kind of drug is not only low in toxicity, but also has good systemic properties, it can be applied to vegetables and other crops. In recent years, the application has been more and more recognized by the villagers.
For example, thiamethoxam is often used. Clothianidin. Actamiprid is a very widely used nicotine insecticide!
4.prevention of vegetable diseases;
When applying organic fertilizer, it is necessary to kill the eggs of pests and reduce the production of pests and diseases by completely producing alcohol; Use pesticides as much as possible to choose low-toxicity and high-efficiency insecticides, and microbial pesticides to reduce pesticide residues; Underground pests can be controlled by agricultural and animal husbandry countermeasures, overwintering larvae can be solved by irrigation in autumn and winter, and irrigation is used to eliminate insect pests.
5.Pesticide residues approximately dissected.
Abamectin: Averrmectin propyramide is easy to dissolve in light, and different manufacturers will add different modifiers to make it last longer. Generally, the half-life of the drug is around 5 days, and the final dissolution is generally 15 days.
Phosphine: It is sensitive to light and easily soluble, but it has a long residual period in the soil environment, generally around 2 months.
Safe medication, it is strictly forbidden to take medicine within the safety period, and it is strictly forbidden to take medicine before picking. Improve the medicinal power, and strictly prohibit pesticide residues exceeding the standard.
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It will have a bad impact on the vegetables produced, because these drugs to control underground pests will affect the ecological environment of the underground, so they will also have an impact on vegetables.
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Yes, because such drugs are not up to standard at all, they cannot achieve the effect of insecticide at all, and it is likely to lead to a reduction in the yield of agricultural products.
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Yes. Because these things are poisonous, vegetables may absorb these toxic things, making the quality of the vegetables deteriorate.
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Yes, these drugs will cause great harm to plants, and will also affect the growth of plants, which may cause pesticide damage.
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In the process of planting vegetables, it is inevitable to suffer from the impact of some pests and diseases, and the use of pesticides can not be avoided
1. Try to use low-toxicity pesticide products.
The drugs for the prevention and control of underground pests, some are highly toxic, some are moderately toxic, and some are low toxicity, and some high-efficiency and low-toxicity pollution-free products will not be affected by normal use, such as phosphine granules, avermectin granules, etc. However, those highly toxic and high-residue products such as carbofuran, phosphine, chlorpyrifos granules and other organophosphorus products will cause excessive pesticide residues in vegetables, and such products are basically prohibited or restricted in vegetables. Either way, it can have a residual effect in vegetable production.
2. Spray in strict accordance with the dosage specified in the pesticide label.
In order to avoid excessive pesticide residues, spraying should be carried out in strict accordance with the dosage specified in the pesticide label, and in the process of using pesticides, it is necessary to rotate alternate drugs, mix and mix reasonably, and avoid long-term use of the same pesticide product, and the prevention and control effect is not good. It is also possible to implement reasonable rotation and stubble of vegetables. At the same time, it is important to avoid harvesting crops at safe intervals, preferably as long as possible from the last spray.
3. Prevention and control of chemical agents.
Nicotinoid insecticides are definitely used to control underground pests. Because this kind of agent not only has low toxicity, but also has good systemic properties, it can be used on crops such as vegetables. In recent years, the application has been more and more recognized by farmers.
For example, our commonly used thiamethoxam, clothianidin, imidacloprid and so on are widely used nicotinic insecticides!
4. Prevent vegetable diseases and pests.
When using farmhouse fertilizer, it should be fully fermented to kill the eggs of pests and diseases and reduce the occurrence of insect pests; Use pesticides as much as possible to use low-toxicity and high-efficiency insecticides, and biological pesticides to reduce pesticide residues; Underground pests can be controlled by agricultural measures, autumn irrigation to eliminate the eggs of the mole insects, irrigation to eliminate the pests.
5. Approximate analysis of pesticide residues.
Abamectin: Abamectin is easy to decompose due to light, and different manufacturers will add different additives to make it last longer. Usually the half-life is about 5 days, and the final decomposition is generally 15 days.
Chlorpyrifos: As an alternative to the highly pesticide 3911, the market for chlorpyrifos was once very hot. The half-life of chlorpyrifos is two months, and it is easily affected by precipitation and irrigation, and it leachates greatly in the soil.
Phosphine: sensitive to light and easy to decompose, but the residual period in the soil is long, generally about two months.
Rational use of drugs, prohibition of medication during the safety period, and prohibition of medication before harvesting. Improve the efficacy of the drug and prohibit the excessive pesticide residues.
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It may damage the roots of vegetables, affect the growth of vegetables, lead to serious pesticide damage, may cause vegetables to have no way to grow, and may lead to the death of vegetables.
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It will affect the value of vegetables, affect the nutritional degree of vegetables, and will also lead to the presence of pesticides on vegetables, and will also cause some harm, and may also lead to a decrease in the yield of vegetables.
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It may cause pesticide damage, which may affect the quality of vegetables, and may also lead to a decrease in the nutritional value of vegetables. It can cause deformities in vegetables. There will also be pesticide residues.
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It will affect the yield of vegetables, there are chemical drugs in vegetables, and there will be pesticide residues, which is not conducive to the sale of vegetables and will affect the economic profits of vegetables.
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Vegetables with a special smell can be chosen to be planted, which will reduce pests, such as leeks, garlic, onions, lettuce, celery, and many more. You can also use insect nets to keep pests out of the shed, or you can use insecticidal lamps to trap them.
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There is no way, because the vitality of pests is very tenacious, and they will not be completely eliminated without pesticides.
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Use black lights or frequency vibration insecticidal lamps for booby-trapping, and place a black light or frequency vibration insecticidal lamp at intervals in the field to trap pests at night. It can effectively control many phototaxis pests such as Lepidoptera.
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There is no way to remove the pests on the vegetables without pesticides, so we must use pesticides when there are pests.
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Avoid and trap insects in the vent of the shed set up butter board trapping, the method is to use waste fiberboard, planted into 1 meter long strip, painted yellow with paint, and then coated with a layer of sticky oil, placed between the rows can be the same height as the plant, when the whitefly sticks to the board surface, need to be recoated with sticky oil in time.
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In vegetable planting, pesticides are widely used in vegetable production and play a very important role in the high efficiency of vegetable farmers. However, it is not uncommon for pesticide damage to occur, which also causes some unnecessary losses to vegetable farmers. Therefore, it is a problem that cannot be ignored in the safe use of pesticides to grasp the types and symptoms of vegetable pesticide damage and take preventive measures in time.
Chronic pesticide damage: The symptoms do not appear immediately after the application of this pesticide damage, and there is a certain potential, which hinders the growth of vegetables and makes the flavor of fruits worse. This phytotoxicity is often difficult to diagnose and can be easily confused with other physiological diseases.
In diagnosis, we can use methods to understand the occurrence, species, quantity, area and plant control of pests and diseases. Acute pesticide damage: the pesticide damage has the characteristics of rapid occurrence and obvious symptoms, which can generally appear within a few hours to a few days after application, and is generally manifested as leaf spots, perforations, anxiety, curling, deformity, withering, yellowing, yellowing or albinism.
Root wounds are characterized by short and thick roots, sparse hairs, yellowing or thickening of the root bark, brittleness, rotting, etc. Seed damage is manifested by failure to germinate or slow germination. The damage of plants is manifested as falling flowers and buds, deformed small fruits, spots, brown fruits, rusty fruits, fruit drops, etc.
Most of this damage is caused by excessive use of pesticides or improper treatment of seeds with pesticides. Residual pesticide damage: This pesticide damage is characterized by the fact that there is no pesticide damage to the current crop after the application of the pesticide, but the pesticide residue in the soil will cause pesticide damage to the crops that are more sensitive to the next crop.
For example, after using simazine herbicide in corn fields, it often causes pesticide damage to the next crop such as rape and beans. This pesticide damage is difficult to diagnose and can be easily confused with fertilizer damage. Understanding the planting management of previous crops, the use of pesticides, soil testing, and other measures can be used for diagnosis and prevent losses caused by misdiagnosis.
If the foliar surface and plants are injured by spraying the solution, in the case that the liquid has not been completely penetrated or absorbed in the early stage, you can quickly spray the foliage with a large amount of water, rinse 3-4 times repeatedly, wash away the liquid medicine on the surface of the plant as much as possible, cooperate with the cultivated loose soil, promote the development of the root system, and quickly restore the normal growth of the plant. After the occurrence of pesticide damage, it should be watered and topdressed urea and other fast-acting fertilizers in time. In addition, 1-2% urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate solution should be sprayed on the leaves to promote plant growth and improve its resistance to plant toxicity.
Depending on the phytotoxic nature of pesticides, neutralization is carried out with drugs of opposite nature. For example, quicklime water can be sprayed if copper sulfate is sprayed too much, gibberellin can be sprayed to relieve paclobutrazol sprayed, and leaf baomian can also be sprayed with foliar spray.
You can mix seeds with pesticides to sow seeds, and you can ask the agricultural material store when you buy them to know what pesticides are used.
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1. 400 to 500 grams of 50% phosphine emulsion per mu, 3% phosphine particles to 2 kg, mixed in 50 kg of fine soil or sand, applied into the furrow during autumn ploughing or before sowing, raking or sowing soil, can effectively prevent and control the occurrence of underground pests. 2. In the peak period of adults, on crops or trees where pests are concentrated. Spray 100 times of 50% octan-sulfur emulsion, or 1000 times of 90% crystal trichlorfon, or 300 times of deltamethrin (trimethrin) emulsifiable concentrate, or 3000 times of 20% fenmethrin emulsifiable concentrate.
The more common pests are mole crickets, grubs, ground tigers and needleworms. Some pesticides can be used in the land, some pesticides can also be used, and the soil can also be disinfected and sterilized, so that some pests can be prevented from appearing in the soil.