How does the defeat in the Yellow Sea relate to the beginning of China s modernization? 5

The defeat of the Battle of the Yellow Sea was the prelude to the destruction of the Beiyang Fleet Area, which meant that the beginning of modernization, that is, the Westernization Movement, was about to go bankrupt.

<> "Why did China fail in the Battle of the Yellow Sea?"

The first is improper command.

Originally, the scheduled battle formation was a double column, but when approaching the enemy ships, it became a scattered goose-shaped horizontal formation, and there are two reasons for this, one is that the wrong signal flag was hung, and the other is that some ** failed to arrive at the predetermined position in time.

Soon after the start of the war, the bridge of the flagship Dingyuan, which had been in disrepair for a long time, was collapsed by the recoil of the ship's guns, and the naval admiral (commander of the Beiyang Fleet) Ding Ruchang fell from the bridge and was wounded, unable to continue to command the battle, and he did not designate a ** commander in advance, this fatal omission made the Chinese fleet lose its unified command at the beginning, and then the signal flag was also destroyed, the contact between the flagship and the fleet was interrupted, and each ship could only fight separately and fell into chaos.

Second, some generals were greedy for life and afraid of death, so they fled from the battle.

In the fierce battle, the two ships of Zhiyuan and Jingyuan were unfortunately sunk by the enemy, and the three ships of Jiyuan, Guangjia, and Yangwei were terrified and fled in a hurry, and Jiyuan could shamefully hang up the white flag, which not only weakened the combat effectiveness, but also seriously disturbed the morale of the army, and three of the four torpedo boats were intimidated by the enemy's might and kept hiding in the distance and did not dare to participate in the battle, and did not play any role.

Third, there is a shortage of shells and poor quality.

The battle lasted only five hours, but unbelievably there was not enough shells, and all the main artillery shells in Dingyuan and Zhenyuan were used up, and the quality of the shells was also problematic.

Half a month before the Battle of the Yellow Sea, Hurd said in a report to Britain**: "The current problem is munitions, the Beiyang Fleet has medicine and no ammunition, and there are ammunition without ammunition, and Hannagan (the British adviser to the Beiyang Fleet) has been ordered to rush ammunition, and he wants to be able to scrape together enough shells for several hours to prepare for a naval battle, and he has not been able to get it so far, and the worst thing is that he may never have any hope of getting it." ”

Fourth, the level of military technology is low.

A torpedo boat of the Beiyang Fleet fired a torpedo at a distance of 40 meters from the enemy ship Saikyo Maru, but it failed to hit (the torpedo crossed one meter from the bottom of the ship), causing the enemy ship to escape and infiltrate, and the Japanese Navy Minister, Kayama Shiki, was supervising the battle on this ship, and lost an excellent opportunity to destroy the enemy.

1. Improper command. Originally, the planned formation was a double column, but when it approached the enemy ships, it became a scattered goose-shaped horizontal formation. There are two theories about the reason for this, one is that the wrong signal flag was hung, and the other is that some of the ** failed to reach the predetermined position in time, and the bridge of the flagship Dingyuan, which had been in disrepair for a long time, was shaken down by the recoil of the ship's artillery, and the admiral (commander of the Beiyang Fleet) Ding Ruchang fell from the bridge and was injured, and could not continue to command the battle.

Second, the generals were greedy for life and afraid of death, and fled from the battle. In the fierce battle, the two ships of Zhiyuan and Jingyuan were unfortunately sunk by the enemy, and the three ships of Jiyuan, Guangjia and Yangwei were terrified and fled in a hurry, and Jiyuan could also shamefully hang the white flag.

Third, the level of military technology is low. A torpedo boat of the Beiyang Fleet fired a torpedo at a distance of 40 meters from the enemy ship Saikyo Maru, but it failed to hit (the torpedo crossed one meter from the bottom of the ship), causing the enemy ship to escape.

<> Battle of the Yellow Sea"It can be said to be one of the turning points of the Sino-Japanese War. This battle was an important encounter between the Japanese Navy and the Qing Dynasty's Beiyang Naval Division in the Sino-Japanese War.

The Battle of the Yellow Sea took place on September 17, 1894, in the waters of the Yellow Hunger Sea, led by Matsushima Kosumi, and the Beiyang Naval Division led by Li Hongzhang. Both sides sent their main fleets in the naval battle, and the battle lasted for several hours, and finally the Japanese navy was victorious, and the Qing Dynasty's Beiyang Naval Division suffered heavy losses, including the flagship "Dingyuan" and many other capital ships.

The victory in the Battle of the Yellow Sea was an important turning point for the Japanese Navy. It enabled the Japanese Navy to gain a favorable strategic advantage in the First Sino-Japanese War and laid the foundation for Japan's victory in the First Sino-Japanese War. For the Qing Dynasty's Beiyang Naval Division, the defeat of the Yellow Sea Naval Battle was a major blow, which seriously weakened the strength of the Qing Dynasty's Beiyang Naval Division, and also marked an important turning point in China's modern history.