How to make a leaf vein specimen, what is the method of making a leaf vein specimen?

Prepare items. Washing alkali.

Leaves: Glossy leaves such as magnolia and gardenia produce the best results.

A metal pot or pan.

Tweezers. Spatula or pliers.

A small paint brush or a soft toothbrush.

Latex gloves. Water.

Bleach (optional).

The smooth leaves of magnolias.

Stir and bring to a boil.

Put the leaves, washing alkali and enough water together in the pot to cover the leaves completely. Bring the mixture in the pot to a boil and simmer over low heat for 90 minutes to 2 hours, adding water if necessary so that the leaves do not dry out. Be careful of the smoke coming out of the pot.

Remove the blades. After about 2 h, carefully remove the blades from the water with pliers or spatula. From this step, be sure to wear gloves.

Brush lightly. Grip the stems of the leaves with tweezers and gently brush off the fleshy parts of the leaves with a soft paint brush or toothbrush; Flip the blade and brush the fleshy part of the blade repeatedly on the other side.

Rinse and color.

The leaves are colored by soaking them in water filled with food color.

Rinse the leaves by gently immersing them in water, or for 20 minutes if making a white vein specimen; If you are making a colored leaf vein specimen, then soak the leaves in water filled with food color.

Dry. Place the vein specimen on a paper towel, cover it with a paper towel, and lay it flat to dry.

To make leaf vein specimens, we must select leaves with thick leaf quality, moderate size, flat leaf surface and rich leaf veins (such as osmanthus leaves, Bodhi leaves), and wash them with water for later use. Then the water is heated, when the water is about to boil, put the leaves into the water, and at the same time turn the temperature of the water down, the length of heating time should be determined according to the leaves, you can take a ** out after two or three minutes to observe, until the leaves become brown or the mesophyll has fallen off. At this time, the heating should be stopped, the leaves should be removed, and the leaves should be washed in clean water.

Finally, put the leaves on a plate, add a layer of water, so that the brush and the horizontal plane are about 45 degrees angle, start from the back, brush the back and then brush the front, gently brush the mesophyll along the leaf veins, and pay attention to the regular brush in one direction when brushing. After brushing it clean, put it on absorbent paper or straw paper to dry.

Prepare materials: leaves, edible alkali, toothbrush.

The method of making leaf bookmarks is shown in the following figure:

1. Prepare some leaves.

2. Prepare a packet of edible alkali.

3. Put the leaves in the pot.

4. Pour the edible alkali into the pot.

5. Add water to the pot for grilling.

6. Turn off the heat and remove the leaves from the pot after they change color.

7. Take out the leaves from the pot and brush the leaves repeatedly with a soft brush, with light pressure.

8. After brushing out the veins of the leaves, it can be dried.

9. After drying, the leaf bookmark is completed.

How to make a leaf vein specimen is as follows:

Tools Ingredients: leaves, cooking pot, water, baking soda or sodium bicarbonate, glass baking sheet, spatula, other mixing utensils, small brushes.

1. Choose thick leaves with clear veins, and when making leaf vein specimens, you need to remove most of the mesophyll, leaving only the reticulated vein skeleton. A leaf that is hard and not easy to bend is good.

2. Pour a liter of water into the pot. If you only have a few small leaves, then you can use a smaller pot. If this is the case, reduce the amount of ingredients accordingly, or use half of the ingredients listed below.

3. Wear gloves. The mixture you're making can hurt your hands, so wear rubber gloves before handling the ingredients.

4. Add a little baking soda or sodium carbonate. These chemicals are usually available at grocery stores or pharmacies. Regardless of the substance used, a two-scoop (about 30 grams) amount is sufficient.

You can turn the temperature to the lowest and let them simmer slowly; Or you can boil the mixture first and then turn down the temperature. Try not to let the mixture boil.

6. Let the leaves simmer slowly until the flesh is boiled, during which time you can stir occasionally. The simmering time depends on the thickness of the leaves, which can take a whole day or can take as little as a few hours.

7. Use a brush to remove the remaining leaf pulp. The stewed leaves should be a thin layer (i.e. a thin layer of leaf pulp on the leaves). Gently and patiently remove this layer of leaf pulp, leaving only a few vein grids or a layer of transparent flakes (depending on the type of leaf).

Then rinse with a trickle.

8. Dry the leaves. You can place them on paper towels and let them air dry naturally; They can also be dried using an embossing machine.

The precautions for making specimens are as follows:

1. Select appropriate samples: Select representative and complete samples to ensure that the specimens can accurately reflect the morphology and characteristics of the object under study. At the same time, it is necessary to ensure that the samples are legal and comply with relevant laws and regulations.

2. Time and method of sample collection: choose the appropriate time and collection method to avoid damage and deterioration of the sample. Depending on the object of study and the purpose of collection, it is possible to choose to collect living specimens, dead specimens, or specimens that have already been processed.

3. Use appropriate tools and methods: According to the nature and requirements of the specimen, select appropriate tools and methods for production. For example, use appropriate fixation, staining, and encapsulation methods using tools such as appropriate knives, tweezers, and microscopes.

4. Pay attention to the preservation and storage of specimens: after the production is completed, the specimens should be preserved and stored in time to maintain the integrity of their morphology and characteristics. Depending on the specimen, you can choose methods such as drying, freezing, and liquid preservation.

Summary. A total of 8 steps are required to make leaf vein specimens, which are: 1. Select leaves with thick leaf quality, moderate size, flat leaf surface and rich leaf veins, and wash them with water for later use.

2. Weigh 35gnaOH and 25GN2CO3 into a beaker, add 1L of water to miscibility, dissolve it, and make a solution. 3. Put the solution in the electric furnace to heat, immerse the blades in the solution when it is near boiling, lower the temperature of the electric furnace at this time, and stir while heating; The length of heating time should be determined according to the leaves, and you can take one out after two or three minutes to observe until the leaves turn brown (or the mesophyll has fallen off). 4. Stop heating, take out the leaves with tweezers, and rinse them in a small plastic bucket filled with water.

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Dear Hello It is a pleasure to serve you Make a leaf vein specimen with 8 steps.

Hello There are a total of 8 steps required to make leaf vein specimens, which are: 1. Select leaves with thick leaf quality, large dismantling imitation moderate, flat leaf surface, and rich leaf veins, and wash them with water for later use. 2. Weigh 35gnaOH and 25GN2CO3 into a beaker, add 1L of water to miscibility, dissolve it, and make a solution.

3. Put the solution in the electric furnace to heat, immerse the leaves in the solution when it is boiling in the near dissipation, and lower the temperature of the electric furnace at this time, and stir while heating; The length of heating time should be determined according to the leaves, but the bridge fiber can be taken out after two or three minutes to observe, until the leaves turn brown (or the mesophyll has fallen off). 4. Stop heating, take out the leaves with tweezers, and rinse them in a small plastic bucket filled with water.

5. Put the leaves in a plastic plate, add a layer of water, tilt the toothbrush (about 45 degrees angle with the horizontal plane), gently brush the flesh along the leaf veins, and pay attention to brushing when brushing: only brush in one direction (absolutely not brush back and forth), so as not to damage the leaf veins. When brushing, start from the back, brush the back and then brush the front, and the edge of the main leaf vein can be knocked out.

Brush and dry on absorbent paper (or straw paper). 6. Use 20% hydrogen peroxide (or bleaching powder) to bleach the veins of the white leaves. 7. You can use red potion, purple potion, magenta and dyes to dye the hail veins of the leaf skin, or you can draw on the veins.

8. After drying, it can be glued with paper and glued for preservation.

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How to make leaf veins:

1. Natural fermentation method to make leaf veins.

1) Fermentation: Take plant leaves and soak them in tap water or pond water, put them in a warm place indoors, do not change the water, but can properly replenish the water lost by evaporation, and let them ferment naturally. Soon, the water stinks, there are white membranous floats on the surface of the water, and bubbles occur between the leaf epidermis and the leaves.

At this time, the mesophyll tissue has been dispersed, which is the best period for fermentation (the temperature is high, the leaves are tender, the time is short, and the temperature is low, the leaves are old, leathery, and the cuticle is thick, and the time is long).

2) Brushing: Brush both sides of the leaves with a soft brush until all the mesophyll tissue is washed off.

3) Bleaching: Bleach the leaf veins in a dilution of hydrogen peroxide of 1 6 for a few hours to a day and night. Then rinse with clean water.

4) Dyeing: Dyeing the leaf veins in 1 Aqueous solution of Tsaffina for 10 minutes. It is then rinsed with clean water to remove floating color from the leaf surface. Place the leaf veins in 0 5 dilute hydrochloric acid, rinse for about 1 minute, and then rinse with water.

2. Enzymatic hydrolysis method.

Place the leaves in a beaker containing pectinase solution to decompose the protopectin between the cell walls and discrete the mesophyll cells from each other, and then rinse the leaves with running water or brush them. Get the full vein.

3. Chemical corrosion method.

First of all, select leaves with thick and clear veins and tough texture (such as osmanthus leaves), add 500 ml of water to 50 grams of washing powder, put them in a beaker or other containers, and then put them on the fire to boil, and use glass rods or chopsticks to rotate and stir to make the leaves evenly heated and fully in contact with the boiling liquid, and can also avoid the leaf veins from breaking. Boil for about 15 minutes (depending on the age and texture of the leaves), remove the leaves and soak them in water and rinse. Lay the leaf flat in the palm of your left hand and gently brush it repeatedly with a toothbrush, carefully brushing off the soft part of the leaf until the veins are clear.

4. Alkaline hydrolysis method.

Pick a number of leaves with clear veins and tough leaves, such as mulberry leaves and osmanthus leaves.

Weigh 2 5 grams of sodium carbonate and grams of sodium hydroxide (or 3 grams) in a beaker, pour 100 ml of water, put on the fire and boil. Put in the leaves and let them all soak in the solution. Continue to heat for 6 8 minutes, gently stirring with a glass rod from time to time to separate the leaves and heat evenly.

The leaves are corroded by chemicals, and the soft parts are easily removed and the veins are left. Remove the boiled leaves with tweezers and place in a glass with water. Take the bleached leaves from clean water, lay them flat in a petri dish, carefully wipe off the soft parts of the leaves with a soft brush in running water to reveal clear leaf veins, and then stick them on a glass sheet to cool dry.

While the veins are still dry, apply watercolor paint with a brush (it can also be dipped in colored ink). After cooling, place in a book and flatten. Then tie a colorful ribbon to the petiole to make a beautiful bookmark.

1. Heavy object pressing method.

Pressing the leaves with a weight is the easiest way to preserve fallen leaves, but the leaf specimens made this way will not be kept for too long. When choosing leaves, choose relatively flat and thinner leaves, and the leaves themselves have a low moisture content. Then, fold it with newspaper"Sandwiches"The leaves are clamped into the newspaper.

Then choose some of the heaviest books to press onto. Be careful to have enough weight to prevent the leaves from curling. Then put it in a dry place, check whether the leaves are dry and not rotten after about 1 week, and if everything is normal, wait about 2 weeks for the beautiful leaves to be pressed.

2. Wax paper preservation method.

Preserving leaves with wax paper is a way for many children to collect beautiful leaves. Choose thin leaves that are low in moisture and do not curl. Sandwich the leaves between two sheets of wax paper and place them on one rag and the other old rag on top.

Use the iron to gently run back and forth on the upper rag for a few minutes. It's best not to push too hard at first, otherwise the leaves will move out of place. Then use the weight of the iron itself to press on the upper rag for about 4 to 5 seconds.

3. Microwave oven drying method.

Drying in the microwave is one of the easiest and most effective ways to preserve almost everything. Choose fresh and soft leaves, not dry fallen leaves. Each leaf is sandwiched between 2 paper towels, then sprayed evenly with water mist on the paper towel, and then placed in the microwave for up to 30 seconds at a time, then the microwave oven is turned on to check the leaves.

Repeat several times until the leaves are dry.