Ask for help from the Three North Shelterbelt Ecological Project

2.53 million hectares of shelterbelts have been built in the Sanbei region, and 57% of the farmland has been reforested, so that 21.3 million hectares of farmland have been effectively protected. According to the research and analysis, the average annual increase in grain production is about 11.07 million tons. Taking Jilin Province, a major grain-producing province in the country, as an example, the grain output of Jilin Province has been stable at the level of 200-22.5 billion kilograms for many years due to the strong guarantee of the existing 510,000 hectares of farmland shelterbelts.

In order to steadily promote the renewal, improvement and improvement of farmland shelterbelts in the Three North areas, the State Forestry Administration has carried out pilot work and obtained good experience. In September 2005, the Three North Bureau was held in Changchun"On-site meeting on the construction of farmland shelterbelt system in the Sanbei region"to learn and promote these experiences. In order to implement the spirit of the Changchun Conference, the "Decision on Further Strengthening the Construction of Farmland Shelterbelt System in the Three-North Region" and the "Management Measures for the Renovation and Transformation of Farmland Shelterbelt Construction in the Three-North Region" are being formulated, which are carried out in accordance with policies and laws to ensure the sustainable development of farmland shelterbelts.

The plan is to make the farmland shelterbelts in the Sanbei region 10,000 hectares of overmature forests, 220,000 hectares of residual forests, and 2.3 million hectares of farmland shelterbelts to be built, and strive to basically realize the forest network of farmland in the Sanbei region in 10 years in accordance with the principle of overall construction of new construction, renewal, and transformation. Nearly 100,000 hectares of mature and over-mature forests need to be regenerated every year; It will take five years to transform all the residual forests, and more than 40,000 hectares will be transformed every year; 200,000 hectares are newly built every year.

China's "Three Norths" shelterbelt system construction project, known as China's "Green Great Wall", is the world's four major biological projects

The "Three-North" shelterbelt project refers to the large-scale artificial forestry ecological project constructed in the Three Norths region of China (Northwest, North China and Northeast China). In order to improve the ecological environment, China decided to list this project as an important project of national economic construction in 1979. The planning period of the project is 73 years, and it will be carried out in eight phases, and the construction of the sixth phase has been started.

The construction scope of the project includes 725 counties (banners and districts) in 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) in the Sanbei region, with a total area of 10,000 square kilometers, accounting for 45% of China's total land area, and enjoys the reputation of "Green Great Wall" at home and abroad.

The significance of the construction project of the "Three Norths" shelterbelt system

The ecological disasters caused by drought, sandstorms, and soil erosion have seriously restricted the economic and social development of the Three Norths region, kept the people of all ethnic groups in a state of poverty and backwardness for a long time, and posed a severe challenge to the survival and development of the Chinese nation. The construction of the Three-North Project not only plays a decisive role in improving the ecological environment of the Three-North region, but also plays a decisive role in improving the ecological environment of the whole country.

The construction of the Three-North Project is a strategic need for realizing national unity, consolidating national defense, and realizing the common prosperity of all nationalities. The Sanbei region is a multi-ethnic area in China, inhabited by 22 ethnic groups, including Han, Hui, Mongolian, Manchu, Uygur, Kazakh, Oroqen and Tajik, with a total population of 100 million.

The above content refers to the Encyclopedia - "Three Norths" Shelterbelt Project.

Much more. In accordance with the master plan,The construction scope of the Three-North Project is 4,480 kilometers long from east to west and 560-1,460 kilometers wide from north to south along Tianjin, Fenhe, Wei River, lower reaches of Tao River, Burhan Buda Mountain and Karakoram Mountain in the south.

Its geographical location is between 73°29 129°50 east longitude and 33°30 50°14 north latitude. It includes 559 counties (banners, cities and districts) in 13 provinces (autonomous regions and municipalities directly under the central government) of Shaanxi, Gansu, Ningxia, Qinghai, Xinjiang, Shanxi, Hebei, Beijing, Tianjin, Inner Mongolia, Liaoning, Jilin and Heilongjiang. The total area of project construction is 10,000 square kilometers, accounting for the total land area of the country.

Rumor has it that the Three-North Shelterbelt blocked the wind, causing more smog days in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei; Since the trees in the Three-North Shelterbelt have been cut down, the number of sand and dust days has increased, and it is always the shelterbelt that "bears the blame".

Xu Xiangde, academician of the Chinese Academy of Meteorological Sciences, said that the main role of the shelterbelt is to fix the sandy land, maintain water and soil, slow down wind erosion, and reduce sand blowing. If the influence area of cold air and strong winds is more than 1,500 meters vertically, it is impossible for shelterbelts twenty or thirty meters high to block cold air or cold waves.

The Three-North Shelterbelt is effective in controlling sand and dust, but the effect is limited. Peng Yingdeng stressed that this is because there are still too few forest belts formed by the Three-North Shelterbelt Project.

According to the "Research on the Regulatory Function and Technology of Forest Equivalent Particulate Matter", a major scientific research project of the national forestry public welfare industry completed by 100 researchers for four years, the average annual total dust retention of all plants in the six districts of Beijing Haidian and other cities is 9,789 tons, of which 105 tons of dust are recorded; Forest vegetation can add 15 days of "blue sky" to Beijing's air quality level 2 per year.

Peng Yingdeng said that the Three-North Shelterbelt has a similar effect. At present, the "new sand sources" are agricultural wasteland and cultivated land in Northwest China, semi-arid and semi-humid areas in the Hetao area, etc. It is necessary to carry out tree planting and greening and vegetation coverage in these places as soon as possible, and expand the scope of the three-north shelter forest.

I believe that many people are familiar with the "Three-North Shelterbelt", the Northeast region will be attacked by sandstorms a few decades ago, and the disappearance of sandstorms in recent years is closely related to the Three-North Shelterbelt. However, in some areas of the Three-North Shelterbelt, the shelterbelt is gradually disappearing. In particular, forest belts in rural areas are disappearing in large numbers.

What are the causes of shelterbelt degradation?

First, shelterbelts have been converted into cultivated land

In some rural areas, shelterbelts have been diverted to cultivated land, and people have simply forgotten the misfortune caused by sandstorms, mistakenly believing that there are more shelterbelts and less shelterbelts. In this way, shelterbelts are gradually reduced.

This is also the biggest reason for the disappearance of shelterbelts. In the face of this reason, the local area of the Three-North Shelterbelt should take some effective measures, such as increasing the publicity of the role of shelterbelts, preventing farmers from misappropriating shelterbelts, and if necessary, establishing a series of laws to control the people who misappropriated shelterbelts.

Second, the threat of rodent pests and insect pests to shelterbelts

In some remote areas, shelterbelts are not managed properly, resulting in some shelterbelts being harmed by rats and pests, resulting in the gradual disappearance of shelterbelts in the area.

In the face of the loss of shelterbelts due to rodent and insect infestations, the local area should take measures such as insecticide and rodent extermination, so that the shelterbelts in the local area can thrive, so that the three-north shelterbelts can be restored.

Third, the geographical conditions are poor, and the selection of trees is improper

The Three-North Shelterbelt is located on the edge of the desert and next door, and its geographical conditions are poor, which is not suitable for the growth of the main trees planted in the Three-North Shelterbelt. So much so that shelterbelts can easily disappear.

According to the local geographical conditions, analyze which plants are suitable for planting.

Fourth, the groundwater level is declining

In some areas, groundwater is extracted in large quantities in order to plant trees blindly, which has led to a drop in groundwater levels, which has led to the disappearance of shelterbelts. In view of this situation, the local area should arrange planting reasonably.

Fifth, improper management

For a long time, there has been a lack of management of shelterbelts, especially in some remote areas, where what should be planted is not planted, what should be tended is not tended, and what should be pruned is not pruned, resulting in improper management of shelterbelts.

In view of this situation, it is necessary to increase human and financial resources to manage the existing three-north shelterbelts and repair the degraded forests in a timely manner.

First of all, it is necessary to plant trees, but also to protect the environment, and not to litter, must do a good job of garbage classification, and the state should also strengthen the importance of management.

Our generation should protect the ecological environment more and plant more trees. Don't cut down anymore. The state should also make some incentives for this.

The project period is 10 years, and the forest cover rate of the province will increase by one percent.

The reporter learned from the national three-north shelterbelt station director meeting held in Harbin on the 14th that the five-phase project of the three-north shelterbelt was officially launched in Heilongjiang Province this year, and the project planning period is 10 years. Strive to increase the forest coverage rate of the province by the end of the fifth phase of the project, ** percentage points.

The Three-North Project is the first key forestry ecological project implemented in the country and in our province, and undertakes the mission of changing the ecological environment, reducing natural disasters, improving the production conditions of agriculture and animal husbandry, and improving the people's living standards. During the "Eleventh Five-Year Plan" period, a total of 10,000 hectares of afforestation has been completed in the three-north shelterbelt and sandy area treatment project, and the construction scope has been extended to 12 cities and 70 counties (cities, districts, townships (towns), with a total area of 32.83 million hectares and a total benefit of up to 100 million yuan. In particular, it has successively launched key projects such as the "Longgantai" ecologically fragile area control project, the "urban forest defense project" in Qiqihar City, the comprehensive demonstration zone project for sand prevention and control in Daqing City, and the "Northwest Wind Mouth" sand control project, and completed the sand prevention and control project afforestation of 10,000 hectares, the treatment of desertified land of 10,000 hectares, and the area of forest land in the sand area reaching 10,000 hectares.

The forest coverage rate in the western part of our province has increased from less than 10 at the end of the Tenth Five-Year Plan to the present, and the prototype of a regional desertification prevention and control system has been basically formed.

According to the Master Plan for the Construction of the Three-North Shelterbelt System, the five-phase project is planned for 2011 and 2020, with a period of 10 years. The construction is divided into five types of areas, namely, the Horqin Sandy Land Comprehensive Management Area, the Songnen Plain Farmland Shelterbelt Area, the Sanjiang Plain Farmland Shelterbelt Area, the Northern Changbai Mountain Shelterbelt Area, and the Xiaoxinganling Soil and Water Conservation Forest Area. According to the overall plan for the construction of the three-north shelterbelt system in Heilongjiang Province, during the construction of the five-phase project, on the basis of protecting and consolidating the existing construction achievements of the three-north, the following goals will be achieved at the end of the five-phase project through afforestation, mountain closure (sand) afforestation, restoration of degraded forests and tending of young and middle-aged forests

The forest coverage rate of the province has increased to, ** percentage points; The province's three-north five-phase project plans to have 300,000 hectares of artificial afforestation, so that the forest coverage rate of the Songnen Plain area will increase to more than 15%; The forest coverage rate in the Sanjiang Plain has increased to more than 10%; The province plans to close 500,000 hectares of mountains (sand and beaches) for afforestation, and improve the quality of forests in the province by sealing off sparse forest land, non-standing tree forest land and shrub forest land, supplemented by artificial promotion management transformation measures; The desertified land in the project area has been comprehensively controlled, more than 85% of the soil erosion area has been effectively controlled, and more than 90% of the farmland in the project area has been reforested. In the Songnen Plain, the greening of the plain has been fully realized; The shelterbelt system of the Jiejiang River has been basically formed, and the land loss has been initially controlled. Through the development of commercial forest bases, the implementation of compound management, the promotion of ecological and economic tree species, the development of sand industry, the establishment of characteristic industrial clusters, and the acceleration of the rapid development of benefit-oriented forestry. （