Hyperthyroidism What are the effects of removing the thyroid gland

What is the efficacy of radioactive iodine-131** hyperthyroidism?

The efficacy of radioactive 131 iodine** hyperthyroidectomy is similar to that of subtotal thyroidectomy and superior to antithyroid drugs**, with an effective rate of more than 90% (up to 95% in experienced physicians**). Generally, it is more effective than nodular hyperthyroidism for diffuse hyperthyroidism; Patients with mild goiter enlargement** have a greater chance of hyperthyroidism, mild cases of hyperthyroidism, and patients with a shorter course of disease** have a higher rate**. Most patients began to have curative effects after 3 weeks after radioactive 131 iodine**, and then the symptoms of hyperthyroidism gradually decreased, the thyroid gland gradually shrank, and the symptoms of hyperthyroidism could disappear completely after 3 months to 6 months.

After radioactive iodine-131**, along with hyperthyroidism**, some of its complications of hyperthyroidism such as proptosis, hyperthyroid heart disease, hyperthyroid myopathy, periodic paralysis, etc. can also be alleviated or **. If the thyroid gland shrinks but symptoms of hyperthyroidism persist, low-dose antithyroid drugs** may be considered to control symptoms of hyperthyroidism and promote improvement. If the condition does not improve after 2 months of using 131 iodine, the thyroid gland does not shrink or continues to enlarge, and the clinical symptoms are still obvious, it means that ** has failed, and the second dose of radioactive 131 iodine** can also be tried.

Cheng Muhua, Department of Nuclear Medicine, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University.

Countdown to 35d ......My husband and I caught a cold on the same day, which was really uncomfortable! And then today I have to brave the rain to go to the prenatal checkup, there is a problem with hyperthyroidism? As a result, I had to go to the central hospital for a follow-up, but I had to wait for the results to see if I had to take medicine the day after tomorrow.

I still have to control my weight this month, so I have to eat whole grains, but the problem is that I am still anemic! What should I do?

Nowadays, many people, because of some diseases, have removed a part of the human body, such as the metamorphosis body, etc., some do not matter, some have a great impact, today we will talk about the impact of thyroidectomy.

1.First: Generally speaking, surgery is a destructive **, too much excision, easy to form hypothyroidism: resection is not clean, easy **. Postoperative hyperthyroidism** or concurrent hypothyroidism cannot be avoided, with postoperative hyperthyroidism** occurring in 10% to 40% and hypothyroidism occurring in 5% to 60%.

2.Second: patients with severe exophthalmos, it will be aggravated after surgery**.

Surgery** is easy to damage peripheral nerves and cause various sequelae, such as tetany, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, hoarseness, dysphagia, permanent iodine deficiency, frequent headaches, and neck surgery also leaves traumatic scars that affect the appearance of the eye.

3.Third: There are many other sequelae of this operation, such as destroying the parathyroid glands, lifelong calcium supplementation, and touching the recurrent laryngeal nerve, you can no longer gobble up, and you have to pay attention to eating and drinking.

Precautions. Although there are many effects and sequelae, the key is to maintain a good attitude for recovery, and if there is any abnormality, go to the relevant professional medical institution for diagnosis and seek medical treatment as soon as possible.

(1) Infection: The thyroid gland is removed, and there is a risk of local incision infection. Moreover, if the local wound hemostasis is not complete, when the wound is oozing a large amount of blood, there may be a more serious local hematoma, which compresses the trachea and causes asphyxia.

2) Hoarseness: The thyroid tissue itself is outside the larynx, separated from the cartilage in the larynx, unless it is a small number of thyroid cancers with a high degree of malignancy, and in general, thyroid disease rarely occurs and destroys the structure of the larynx. However, the nerves that innervate the muscles in the larynx (superior laryngeal nerve and recurrent laryngeal nerve) are tightly attached to the thyroid gland and enter the larynx.

The superior laryngeal nerve is responsible for the tightness and relaxation of the vocal cords, and the recurrent laryngeal nerve is responsible for the abduction and adduction of the vocal cords.

3) Hypothyroidism: If the thyroid gland is completely removed, the thyroid hormone in the body is insufficient, and if it is not supplemented, there will be severe symptoms of hypothyroidism, mainly manifested as low immunity, drowsiness, weakness, loss of appetite, slow heartbeat, arrhythmia, and even fainting in severe cases. That is, Rui, Xia, Dry, Grass, Mouth, Take, Liquid is the medicine of thyroiditis, goiter nodules, summer dry herbs are cold, and have the effect of clearing the liver and purging fire, brightening the eyes, and dispersing knots and reducing swelling.

4) Endocrine: A small number of female patients may have changes in menstrual cycle and menstrual blood volume.

The thyroid gland is an important endocrine gland in the human body, and its role is to secrete thyroid hormones. Thyroid hormones affect not only the body's metabolic processes, but also the development of the nervous system. Therefore, thyroidectomy will cause a decrease or deficiency of thyroid hormone secretion, resulting in hypothyroidism.

Hypothyroidism will affect the functions of multiple systems throughout the body, including the following: 1. Hypometabolic symptoms, patients will have myxedema, cold intolerance, hypohidrosis, fatigue, weakness, weight gain, memory loss, unresponsiveness and other hypometabolic symptoms. 2. Cardiac symptoms such as slow heart rate and pericardial effusion may occur.

3. Muscle weakness and increased muscle enzyme profile may occur, leading to hypothyroidism. 4. Thyroid hormone can affect cholesterol metabolism, and thyroidectomy can cause hypercholesterolemia and aggravate the occurrence and development of atherosclerosis. 5. After thyroidectomy, patients can develop myxedema coma under infection and other inducements.

6. If thyroidectomy is performed in infancy, it will lead to cretinism, that is, it will affect both growth and development, as well as intellectual development.

Thyroidectomy is prone to a series of complications or sequelae in the first place, specifically:

1. Choking on drinking water, which is mainly caused by damage to the superior laryngeal nerve;

2. It can cause hoarseness, which is mainly caused by recurrent laryngeal nerve damage;

3. There will be a series of hypocalcium-like manifestations such as cramps in the hands and feet, numbness in the hands and feet, and even numbness around the mouth, which are mainly caused by parathyroid gland damage;

4. After thyroid surgery, you may need to take medicine for life, the thyroid gland is a very important endocrine organ in the human body, mainly secreting thyroid hormones. After surgical removal, the person's endocrine will be metabolically disordered, lacking this hormone, and need long-term lifelong thyroid hormone supplementation.

I've had thyroid nodules for a few years, and the surgery only took an hour!

Thyroid nodules were detected for the first time during a physical examination in 16 years. At that time, the ultrasound doctor said that your nodule is too big and calcified, which is not very good, go for a follow-up. This news, like a thunderbolt from the blue, fell on the head of a little girl who had just graduated.

I immediately made an appointment for B-ultrasound from a local tertiary hospital. After the surgeon looked at it, he said that although your nodule is large and calcified, it is still considered benign. It can be observed or surgical.

I found several doctors in the local area, and they all insisted on their own opinions, some recommended observation, and some recommended surgery. In the summer vacation, Director Zhu Jiang, who made an appointment with Hangzhou Sir Run Run Shaw Hospital, did a B-ultrasound, and Director Zhu said that he could observe, and if there was a change, he could be punctured to confirm benign and then perform radiofrequency ablation. Director Zhu's words are like giving me a reassuring pill, okay, then observe.

years, every year according to the doctor's instructions of regular observation, the data seems to have been slowly increasing, but it may also be an error of the instrument. It wasn't until June 19 that I did B ultrasound and found that it had grown to 3cm, and I was a little panicked that what was this, and it could get bigger all the time. So at the beginning of July this year, I asked Director Zhu to do a B-ultrasound.

Director Zhu said, it doesn't matter, since it has become bigger, we will melt it away. He also comforted me and said, "Little girl, don't be afraid, now the technology is very advanced, and there are many new gadgets." Radiofrequency ablation is not only aesthetically pleasing, but it does not affect thyroid function.

Director Zhu is really gentle, and I am very relieved to be told by her.

Although I have also heard that there will be adhesions on the inside after radiofrequency ablation, which will make it more difficult to perform a second operation. However, there is no better option. A benign nodule is not worth it.

If you choose to continue to observe and wait for two years to continue to enlarge, it is estimated that you will not even be able to do radiofrequency ablation, and there will be a risk of compression of the organs. After thinking about it for a while, I made up my mind to do radiofrequency ablation. So Director Zhu immediately arranged for me to do a puncture.

Pierced on July 16. It is standard practice to puncture a nodule with three stitches. If you don't wear it, you may add a needle.

Of course, there is no problem that I can't wear a nodule of my size, and the puncture will inject anesthetic, local anesthesia, and it is within the tolerable range. Director Zhu's piercing was ruthless, accurate and fast. After one hour of observation after the puncture, you can go home.

Director Zhu also said that you can eat some deep-sea plant selenium, saying that deep-sea plant selenium can promote the thyroid gland to secrete thyroid hormone, which indirectly plays a role in the regulation of the thyroid gland.

Patients are advised to listen to their doctor's advice.

(1) Thyroid adenoma enucleation: It is suitable for isolated thyroid adenoma, which is the removal of adenoma without including thyroid tissue.

2) Partial lobectomy of the thyroid gland: It is mostly used for benign tumors in one side lobe of the thyroid gland. For example, thyroid adenomas can be removed along with the tumor and part of the glandular tissue of the ipsilateral lobe.

3) Total lobectomy of one thyroid gland: It is often used when multiple thyroid adenomas are confined to one lateral lobe.

4) Majority thyroidectomy (also known as subtotal thyroidectomy): It is mostly used for ** hyperthyroidism, including nodular hyperthyroidism, multiple thyroid adenoma, and simple goiter, in order to relieve compressive symptoms such as breathing and swallowing. Patients with severe exophthalmos, subtotal thyroidectomy may aggravate the degree of exophthalmos, and should be done with caution.

Patients with hyperthyroidism older than six months of pregnancy should wait until after delivery to undergo a majority thyroidectomy.

5) Total thyroidectomy: If multiple thyroid adenomas are confirmed by pathological examination of frozen sections, and have been widely involved in both lobes and isthmus, total thyroidectomy should be used, and if the isthmus is normal, it should be retained.

6) Thyroidectomy: Ipsilateral cervical lymphadenodectomy or total thyroidectomy is performed at the same time as the removal of one lobe of the thyroid gland (including the isthmus), and the cervical lymph node resection on both sides is performed at one time or in stages, but the internal jugular vein and recurrent laryngeal nerve on one side should be preserved, which is suitable for patients with a high degree of malignancy of thyroid cancer. If lymph node cancer in the neck is found to originate from the thyroid gland, thyroidectomy should be performed even if thyroid symptoms and lesions are not obvious.

The thyroid gland is the largest endocrine gland in the human body, and its main function is to synthesize thyroid hormones and regulate the body's metabolism. With thyroidectomy, endocrine is greatly affected, and some endocrine-related symptoms follow.

Surgical removal of the thyroid gland has the following main effects:

1. Surgery is a kind of destructive **, too much excision, easy to form hypothyroidism: resection is not clean, easy to **. Postoperative hyperthyroidism** or concurrent hypothyroidism cannot be avoided, with a postoperative hyperthyroid** rate of 10% and a 40% incidence of hypothyroidism of 5% to 60%.

2. Patients with severe exophthalmos will be aggravated after surgery.

3. Surgery is easy to damage peripheral nerves and cause various sequelae, such as tetany, recurrent laryngeal nerve paralysis, hoarseness, dysphagia, permanent iodine deficiency, frequent headaches, neck surgery also leaves traumatic scars that affect the appearance of the appearance, and a very small number of patients may also lead to hyperthyroid crisis and life-threatening.

After thyroidectomy, symptoms of hypothyroidism are predisposed, and patients often present with symptoms such as slow heart rate, unresponsiveness, weight gain, lack of sweating, and decreased eating. In severe cases, myxedema may also occur. After thyroidectomy, thyroxine levels should be closely observed, and exogenous thyroxine should be supplemented if hypothyroidism is detected.

After thyroidectomy, it is necessary to supplement thyroxine artificially to meet the normal physiological needs of the human body, to check thyroid function regularly, and determine the dose of supplementation according to the results of laboratory tests, thyroid hormone is an important hormone in the human body, which has a wide range of effects on the human body, and it is necessary to supplement in time to maintain physiological balance.

After resection, thyroxine tablets must be taken orally, and T3 and T4 must be checked regularly(Jiagong).If t3 t4 has been stable, it's fine.

There is a certain need to know the postoperative pathology, according to the results to see if other postoperative needs **no, I wish you soon**.

It is recommended to go to a large hospital for further examination, and according to the size of the tumor, thyroid liver function, and symptoms, it is necessary to decide whether to operate or not, and if it is partially or completely removed, oral eunailol should be taken, and then the dosage of medication should be decided according to thyroid function.

Medications are needed to keep the body in need.

Just replace it with Eunail for life, and it doesn't make a difference if you keep TSH normal.