What are the advantages and disadvantages of biopesticides and chemical pesticides?

Compared with chemical pesticides, biopesticides have many essential differences in terms of active ingredients**, industrial production methods, insecticidal and disease prevention mechanisms, and product modes of action. Biopesticides are more suitable for expanding the application of integrated pest management strategies in the future. In summary, biopesticides mainly have the following advantages.

One of the advantages of biopesticides is that they are highly selective, and they have been successfully developed for human and animal safety and are widely used in the market. They only have an effect on pests and diseases. They generally affect humans, animals, and a variety of beneficial organisms including natural predators of animals, insects, bees, pollinators, fish, shrimp, and other aquatic organisms.

It is safe and has relatively little impact on non-target organisms. The effect of biological pesticides in the prevention and control of pests is mainly to use the insecticide, disease prevention and growth promotion functions of some special microorganisms or their metabolites. Its active active ingredients are completely present and present in the natural ecosystem.

Its biggest feature is that it is easily decomposed by sunlight, plants, or various soil microorganisms. It is a natural way of circulating substances that originate from nature and return to nature. Therefore, they can be considered safe and non-polluting to the natural ecological environment.

Some kinds of biological pesticides, entomopathogenic fungi, insect viruses, insect microsporidia, entomopathogenic nematodes, etc., have the ability to spread horizontally or vertically through eggs in pest populations, and can colonize and spread in the wild under certain conditions and develop epidemic ability. It can not only play a role in the prevention and control of contemporary pests in the current year, but also inhibit the population of offspring or pests in the next year to a certain extent, and the after-effect is obvious. <>

At present, the production and processing of domestic biopesticides generally mainly use natural renewable resources, such as corn, soybean cake, fish meal, and wheat bran.

or certain plant bodies and other agricultural and sideline products. The raw materials ** are very extensive, and the cost of production.

Relatively low. Therefore, the production of biopesticides is generally not related to the use of non-renewable resources.

For example, oil, coal, natural gas, etc. compete for raw materials to produce chemical synthesis products. <>

The advantage of biological pesticides is that the pollution is relatively small, more targeted, will not produce pesticide harm, and the pressure on the environment is very small, the disadvantage is that the scope of use is relatively narrow, the cost will be relatively high, and it is interfered by external factors. The advantage of chemical pesticides is that the effect will be more prominent, the cost will be very low, the medicinal properties are very strong, and the economic benefits are also very high.

It can be widely used, it can also be used for pests and diseases, and it can be used to kill insects, the chemical composition is relatively heavy, it can effectively target pests and diseases, and both are used to kill bacteria, and it will affect crops.

First of all, it can achieve the effect of insecticide, sterilization and weeding, but it is easy to harm crops, may also lead to crop yields, pollute land, and pollute water resources.

Advantages: The most prominent point is its safety, strong selectivity to pests and diseases, safety to humans and animals, the environment, natural enemies, etc. Some biopesticides are living organisms, which can reproduce on their own after use, greatly extending the effective period and building a new environment of ecological balance.

For example, after the release of aphid wasps or predatory mites in the vegetable greenhouse, the mites can be removed by relying on their continuous reproduction.

Pests such as whiteflies are kept within a safe range and do not break out. In addition, biological pesticides are widely used, have great potential for improvement, and are not easy to produce resistance.

The advantages of many aspects have made biopesticides a hot spot in recent years. The key to our use of biopesticides is to give full play to their advantages and apply them rationally in order to achieve better results. 2. Disadvantages Although biological pesticides have many advantages that are difficult for chemical pesticides to have, compared with chemical pesticides, biological pesticide products also have many inherent weaknesses, such as slow onset, susceptibility to temperature and humidity and other conditions, and complex action components.

In the current situation that vegetable farmers are accustomed to using chemical pesticides, these defects of biological pesticides are magnified, but vegetable farmers will not use good things, which affects the promotion and application of biological pesticides. This requires us to increase publicity in terms of use methods and guide vegetable farmers to make adjustments, so as to amplify the advantages of biological pesticides, make up for the shortcomings, and give full play to the role of biological pesticides.

The advantage of pesticides is that they can quickly remove some miscellaneous insects or pests in the field, but the disadvantage is that they cannot be degraded after use, and may contain residues for a long time.

The benefit of pesticides is that they allow crops to grow normally. If you don't grasp the amount well, it is easy to be damaged by proliferation drugs, and the soil is compacted, which is not conducive to crop growth.

It can poison both insects and people.

The rational and scientific use of pesticides can improve the control effect, let me tell you now

The correct and scientific use of pesticides can improve the control effect, delay the development of pest resistance, expand the scope of use, and also expand the scope of use, and at the same time can save manpower and dosage, reduce costs, improve efficacy, reduce toxicity, and enhance the safety of humans and animals. Its biggest advantage is that it does not pollute the environment, which is incomparable to non-biological control pests and diseases such as pesticides. Proper use of pesticides can minimize the harm of pesticides to themselves; It can reduce the spread of pesticides and avoid killing the surrounding crops; It can reduce the degradation rate of the pesticide itself; It can effectively control pests and diseases and improve crop yields.

Different pesticide use machinery has its own special use and performance, in the application of pesticides, spraying, spraying, granulation, poisoning to consider the performance of the equipment and equipment used, the efficacy characteristics are good, can make the agent evenly distributed.

On the surface of crops or pests, to achieve scientific and efficient control effects.

Before using insecticides, it is necessary to understand the control objects, master the appropriate pesticide varieties, and consult the books and manuals of plant protection departments around the country to prevent the abuse of pesticides and achieve the ideal effect of symptomatic application.

With the rapid development of science and technology, there are more and more types of biopesticides, involving animals, plants, microorganisms and other types and biologically related substances with pesticide functions, such as plant-derived substances and genetically modified organisms.

Disease-resistant crops, biomimetic synthesis or modified synthetic compounds of natural products, antagonistic organisms and information of artificially bred pests.

Practical experience has proved that pesticides are harmful to the prevention and reduction of pests, and it is of core practical significance to ensure the increase of agricultural and forestry production. But on the other hand, if the application of pesticides is not scientific, it will also cause adverse reactions, such as insects, silkworms and pest busters, crops, air pollution, pesticide residues in crops and harmful resistance.

Wait. Therefore, in the application of pesticides, it is very important to apply pesticides scientifically, give full play to the efficacy of pesticides, and reduce adverse effects.

In summary, biopesticides are mainly selective and safe for humans and animals; It has little impact on the ecological environment; can induce pest epidemics; It can take advantage of the production and processing of agricultural and sideline products.

Biological pesticides are a class of pesticide products with bactericidal or insecticidal effects. Biological pesticides are generally divided into plant-derived pesticides, biochemical pesticides and microbial pesticides. Now, let's take a look at what characteristics each of them has.

1. Plant-derived pesticides

Plant-derived pesticides are directly extracted from plants, and its pesticide components can be degraded in nature, will not be concentrated and enriched, and there are no pesticide residues, so it will not endanger human health.

Its composition is very complex, not one or two, contains a variety of insecticidal, or bactericidal active ingredients, the mechanism of action is different from that of general chemical pesticides, for some highly resistant pests, more often have a miraculous effect of killing.

Because of its unique mechanism, it is more difficult for pests and diseases to develop resistance to it. Plant-derived pesticides work quickly, some within seconds, but they have a short duration of action. It has a direct effect on pests and diseases, and beneficial insects and beneficial bacteria will also inhibit the occurrence of pests and diseases.

2. Biochemical pesticides

Biochemical pesticide pollution is the largest in the three types of pesticides, it is beneficial bacteria and harmful bacteria to eat, whether it is beneficial or harmful, long-term use of biochemical pesticides, the ground is rarely seen beneficial insects, pests and beneficial insects are gone.

It's ingredient list.

First, the mechanism is single, whether it is harmful bacteria or pests, it is easy to produce antibodies to it, but its persistence is very short.

3. Microbial pesticides

Microbial pesticides are the least polluting, but they are very demanding on the environment, and temperature and humidity can determine the effectiveness of their use. Microbial pesticides need a reproduction process, when killing pests, continue to reproduce, the population continues to expand, his spores will also infect the same kind of pests and harmful bacteria, slow onset, but long duration of effect, there is an after-effect.

It is a live fungal bacteria, and it is difficult for pests and diseases to produce resistance to it, but the validity period of microbial pesticides is particularly short, and the stability of quality is relatively poor, and then the range of pests it can deal with is very narrow, a drug against a pest and disease.

The characteristics are that there is no great harm to crops, there will not be too many pesticide residues, will not cause harm to the human body, will not harm the soil, the insecticidal effect is very good, and the effect of disease prevention is also very good.

First of all, such pesticides are more selective, and there is no special harm to people, and then they can also protect the ecological environment, and they are relatively safe, and the compatibility is also relatively good, and they will not produce particularly serious drug resistance.

The characteristic is that the effect is relatively good, but it is necessary to pay attention to the way of storage and the place of storage, which has a certain volatility, so it needs to be sealed and preserved.

It is particularly safe, will not pollute the environment, and the effect is very obvious, with particularly strong medicinal properties, and will not affect other crops.

With the rapid development of the pesticide industry, the shortcomings of chemical pesticides are becoming more and more prominent. Compared with chemical pesticides, biopesticides have obvious advantages in some aspects and are sought after by people. What are the disadvantages of biopesticides?

Biopesticides are generally only effective against one pest and not against others. The temperature and humidity requirements are high, and the suitable temperature of microbial pesticides is 15-30. It is sensitive to ultraviolet light and has a lethal killing effect on microbial pesticides.

It is a slow effect, pests and diseases will not take effect immediately after use, and the application time should be 2-3 days earlier than that of chemical pesticides.

Chemical pesticides mostly use chemical synthetics and harmful chemical additives to treat pesticides, while microbial pesticides use biological pesticides. In the process of microbial pesticide treatment, pathogenic bacteria are in an inhibited state, while microbial pesticides are in an active state, which has a great impact on the control effect of biological pesticides. In order to avoid the toxicity, residue and pesticide pollution and safety of microbial pesticides, we should try to choose safe, efficient, low-toxicity, low-residue, and non-secondary pollution of agricultural microbial preparations.

In the process of preparation processing, it should be carried out in strict accordance with the standard requirements, and fungicides, disinfectants and driers should be added at the same time to avoid pesticide damage and improve the efficacy of the preparation as much as possible. Microbial pesticides can be used for a variety of crops, mainly crop diseases and weeds, generally for the damage effect of good, safe crops, can be used to control more than one year of heavy stubble or geographical location of heavy crops, this kind of pesticides are characterized by a variety of organisms are non-toxic and harmless, and have a strong effective period, but due to the use of a large dose, not suitable for the use of obvious symptoms of pests and diseases.

Therefore, when using microbial pesticides to control pests and diseases, the following issues should be noted: The dosage should be reduced as much as possible, and too much dosage is easy to produce too fast or toxic effect; Too much dosage is easy to cause drug damage; If the dosage is too small, it will reduce the efficacy of the drug. The dosage of pesticides and crop types should be strictly controlled, and appropriate pesticide application equipment should be used; When applying pesticides, the number and time of application should be reduced as much as possible to avoid pesticide damage.

It will be affected by external factors, it will also affect the efficacy, the cost will be relatively high, this pesticide is unstable, and it will be very difficult to use.

The active ingredients of pesticides are very complex, very difficult to control, and not very stable, the shelf life is relatively short, the impact on crops is relatively large, and the effect of control is relatively slow.

In summary, biopesticides mainly have the following advantages:

1) Strong selectivity and safety for humans and animals. At present, the biopesticide products that have been successfully developed and widely used in the market are only effective for pests and diseases, and are generally safe for humans, animals and various beneficial organisms (including natural enemies of animals, insects, bees, pollinators, fish, shrimp and other aquatic organisms), and the impact on non-target organisms is relatively small.

2) Low impact on the ecological environment. The role of biological pesticides in controlling pests is mainly to use the insecticide, disease prevention and growth promotion functions of some special microorganisms or metabolites of microorganisms. Its active ingredients are completely present in the natural ecosystem, and its biggest feature is that it is easily decomposed by sunlight, plants or various soil microorganisms, which is a way of material circulation that comes from nature and returns to nature.

Therefore, they can be considered safe and pollution-free to the natural ecological environment.

3) It can induce pest epidemics. Some biological pesticide varieties (entomopathogenic fungi, insect viruses, insect microsporidia, entomopathogenic nematodes, etc.) have the ability to level the water in the pest population or spread vertically through the eggs, and have the ability to colonize, spread and develop epidemics under certain conditions in the wild. It can not only play a controlling role in the current and contemporary pests, but also play a certain inhibitory role in the pest populations of future generations or the following year, which has an obvious after-effect.

4) Agricultural and sideline products can be used for production and processing. At present, the domestic production and processing of biological pesticides generally mainly use natural renewable resources (such as corn, soybean cake, fish meal, wheat bran or some plant bodies of agricultural and sideline products), and the raw materials are very extensive, and the production cost is relatively low.

5) Pests are not easy to develop resistant socks. Biopesticides generally have more active ingredients and more sites of action on pests, so pests are not easy to develop resistance, or have a long time to develop resistance. However, compared with chemical pesticides, biopesticide products also have many inherent weaknesses, which can be summarized as follows:

The effect of prevention and control is generally slow;

The active active ingredient is complex;

The scope of pest control is narrow;

susceptible to constraints and disturbances from environmental factors;

The product has a short shelf life and poor quality stability.