What is the basic method and process of fertilizing potted flowers

Generally speaking, there are three commonly used fertilization methods for raising flowers at home:

Base fertilizer: In the process of raising seedlings and repotting, the pre-decomposed fertilizer is mixed into the soil according to a certain proportion to provide long-term growth needs. Fertilizers generally use organic fertilizers made by themselves, such as rotted cake fertilizer, bone meal, fried melon seeds, etc., and the effect is very good.

It is important to note that the roots of the flowers do not come into direct contact with the fertilizer, otherwise it is easy to burn the plant to death due to hypertrophy.

Top dressing: During the growth of flowers, due to the limited potting soil, the basal fertilizer loses its strength after a long time and can no longer provide sufficient nutrients for the plant. At this time, it is necessary to selectively supplement various fertilizers according to the needs of flowers during different growth periods.

Chemical fertilizers can be used as well as organic fertilizers. When using chemical fertilizers, avoid the branches and stems of the plant and sprinkle them in the potting soilOr dilute the fertilizer and water it. Chemical fertilizers are simple to use and have a quick effect, but long-term use will make the potting soil compact, and the soil has poor air permeability.

The self-made organic fertilizer has more nutrients, long fertilizer effect, and can also improve the soil, so it is recommended that you use more organic fertilizer and use less chemical fertilizer as much as possible. Homemade organic fertilizer can be diluted with water and watered, or it can be buried shallow around the plant, again avoiding the rhizomes.

Foliar fertilization: This method can save plants due to negligent management and malnutrition. Convenient, fast, cost-effective. The method is to dilute the fertilizer to a certain proportion and spray it directly on the leaf surface of the plant with a sprayer, relying on the leaves to absorb it.

Under normal circumstances, when watering, add a few drops of nutrient solution, this medicine is fine, add it every half a month, and I can grow better and more vigorous.

The demand for fertilizer is also different in different seasons, with less fertilization in winter and more fertilization in spring and autumn. Everything depends on the variety and growth of the bonsai.

Potted flowers are generally fertilized by adding a small amount of fertilizer when the flowers lack fertilizer, burying them in the soil, and then watering.

1. Flowering plants. Flowering plants mainly include moon flowers, magnolia flowers, peony flowers, cockscombs, crape myrtle flowers, etc., for these flowering plants, the most important thing is to raise good branches and leaves, so nutrition must keep up, otherwise it is easy to appear yellow leaves, rotten branches and other phenomena. In the usual fertilization process, it is recommended to mainly use compound fertilizer with a balance of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium, and before flowering, it is recommended to mainly apply phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, which is conducive to promoting flowering.

2. Foliage plants. Foliage plants mainly include monstera, pansy, cherry grass, plum, phoenix bamboo, etc., foliage plants usually grow luxuriantly, so this kind of flower plants still have a relatively high demand for fertilizer. In addition, the root system of foliage plants is relatively developed, and it is best to fertilize every month during the growth period, and change the pot once a year.

When changing pots, pay attention to adding well-rotted organic fertilizer as base fertilizer, and the usual fertilization can be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, which can make its purple leaves grow more vigorously. Fertilization methods for different flowers.

3. Bonsai plants. Bonsai plants mainly include aloe vera, spider plant, pothos, fortune tree, pomegranate, etc., bonsai plants do not have such high nutrient requirements, but it is best not to use fast-acting fertilizers. Usually the most suitable fertilizer is slow-release fertilizer, such as common bone meal, rotted cake fertilizer, etc.

4. Bulbs, succulent root plants bulbs, succulent root plants mainly include cyclamen, tulips, dahlias, cacti, stone lotus, etc., bulbs, succulent root plants usually rhizomes are relatively strong, but their root system is very few, the absorption capacity of fertility is not excellent, so can not be fertilized too much, otherwise it is very easy to cause damage to the root system, generally in the growth period of the use of nitrogen-containing phosphorus and potassium balance fertilizer.

Supplies the soil with the nutrients that plants need. The general principle of fertilizing flowers is to be reasonable in the type, material, time and method of fertilizer according to the biological characteristics of different species and the stage of growth and development.

The application of basal fertilizer, open-field flowers are carried out together with the land preparation before planting, and potted flowers are carried out when potting; The application of top dressing is generally based on the principle of applying more thin fertilizer. During the period of flower seedlings, it is advisable to apply top dressing with more potassium; During the growth period, it is advisable to apply top dressing with more nitrogen; During flowering and fruiting, it is advisable to apply top dressing with more phosphorus.

It is advisable to choose a sunny day for top dressing, and it is better to use the soil when it is drier. Whether flowers need to be fertilized or not can be judged by leaf color. Where the leaves are thick and green, thick and shrunken, it is over-fertilized and should be stopped; Those with yellow leaf color and thin quality are deficient in fertilizer, and fertilizer should be supplemented.

Fertilization time. In the warm spring season, most of the flowers will enter the growth period, at this time, the demand is more, proper fertilization can promote their growth, but the amount of fertilizer should not be too large.

About every 10 days or so, apply nitrogen fertilizer to it, and apply it two or three times in a row, which can promote the growth of flowers and make them grow stronger.

After the plants bloom, they should also be properly fertilized with some nitrogen fertilizer, so that they can prepare for the next year's flowering, and at the same time, it can also replenish the nutrients they consume due to flowering.

Potted strawberries are not as good as greenhouse strawberries, and the most important thing we ignore in the daily maintenance process of the family is fertilization. When planting in the pot, add organic fertilizer at the bottom, and apply organic nutrient solution once a week after the successful potting of slow seedlings, and the concentration in summer is thinner than before. When fertilizing, do not water the flowers, it is easy to rot the buds, and you can water slowly along the soil surface.

When fertilizing potted flowers, the edge of the pot should be applied, and the fertilizer should not be directly in contact with the flower seedlings, because it is easy to damage the flower seedlings.

The application of potted flower compound fertilizer needs to rely on the various growth period of flowers to determine the concentration.

At the seedling stage, 1000 times more specifically, it is 100 liters of water and 100 grams of fertilizer, once every 5 to 7 days.

Later, with the gradual increase of 800 to 600 times the concentration during the growth period, it is enough to do it conservatively once every 3 to 5 days.

Fertilization should be applied according to the following principles:

First, if it is organic fertilizer, it must be used after it has been decomposed.

Second, it is not suitable to apply thick fertilizer, and it must be applied diligently with thin fertilizer.

Third, it is necessary to fertilize in a timely manner, and we need to fertilize according to different seasons and temperatures according to the growth and development stage of plants.

If it is a plant that has just been cutting, just repotted, or just divided, it is not suitable to fertilize immediately, if the concentration of fertilizer used is too large, we should immediately soak in water and rinse to dilute the concentration of fertilizer.

If the yellowing of the foliage is caused by the alkalinity of the soil, we can regularly use 1% ferrous sulfate to adjust the acidity and alkalinity of the soil.

(1) Fertilization according to different flowers and trees and different growth periods. For example, chrysanthemums should gradually increase the amount and concentration of fertilizer in the process of forming flower buds. Gardenias, rhododendrons, camellias, jasmine and other acid-loving soil flowers and trees, can not be applied ammonia, sodium nitrate and other alkaline fertilizers.

Bulbous flowers and flowers that need to be re-cut every year should be fertilized with phosphorus and potassium. Overwintering fertilizer should be applied half a month before frost to improve the cold resistance of plants; Before germination in early spring, germination fertilizer should be applied to make the bud buds hypertrophied and germinate quickly; When the spring shoots are about to ripen, they should apply fertility to promote the differentiation of flower buds and the full of pregnant buds; Apply thin nutrient fertilizer after flowering to restore the tree's potential to promote flowering or fruiting. In the full flowering period and the early stage of fruit set, fertilizer and water should be controlled, otherwise it is easy to drop flowers and fruits.

Rapid growth at the seedling stage, more nitrogen and potassium fertilizers are applied. Before flowering and budding, apply more phosphorus fertilizer.

2) Loosen the soil before fertilization, and pay attention not to let the fertilizer water fall on the leaves and buds. Human manure, superphosphate, ammonium carbonate and other acidic fertilizers cannot be mixed with alkaline fertilizers such as plant ash and ammonia. Alkaline potting soil should be acidic fertilizer, and acidic potting soil should be alkaline fertilizer.

Fertilizer should not be single, nitrogen fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer can be applied in combination to improve fertilizer efficiency; The combination of inorganic fertilizer and organic fertilizer can prolong the fertilizer effect, prevent potting soil compaction, and improve aeration, water seepage, water retention, fertilizer retention and other properties.

3) When fertilizing the balcony, pay attention to environmental hygiene, and at the same time be careful not to stain the clothes drying on the balcony downstairs.

Fertilization of potted flowers should be done in a timely and appropriate amount according to the habits of different flowers and the needs of different growth and development stages, temperature, light and seasonal changes, as well as the original fertility and texture of the potting soil.

1) It is very important to apply basal fertilizer, and the basal fertilizer is sufficient, and the top dressing can be reduced. The organic fertilizer made after full fermentation is suitable for the base fertilizer of potted plants. The usage is to mix one to three percent of the fertilizer in the culture soil, keep it moist, make the fertilizer and the soil fully integrated, and use it after 2 to 3 months in the winter or high temperature season.

According to different ingredients, they can be used for potting, potting or repotting of different flowers. Hoofhorns and poultry feathers are used as base fertilizers, which can be placed directly on the bottom of the pot when the flowers are potted. Soybean cake and other oil meal fertilizer and bone meal are used as base fertilizer in the same way as manure, and the dosage is 3% 5% when mixed into the culture soil.

When the flowers and trees are not repotted, they can also open a circular ditch along the edge of the pot when the flowers and trees are dormant, apply some fermented organic fertilizer, and then cover with new culture soil, which can also replace the application of base fertilizer. Inorganic fertilizers such as phosphate fertilizer can use superphosphate and phosphate rock powder, nitrogen fertilizer can use ammonium sulfate urea, potassium fertilizer can use potassium sulfate and potassium chloride, and two weeks ago mixed into the culture soil as base fertilizer.

2) Top dressing In the growing season of flowers and trees, apply thin liquid fertilizer to make up for the lack of base fertilizer. All fermented urine, soybean cake water, fish intestine water, rice washing water and other 1 part of the original solution, with 10 20 times water, or with urea or potassium dihydrogen phosphate aqueous solution, apply 1 2 times a week, once every half month after the beginning of autumn. Top dressing should be mastered:

Apply more nitrogen and potassium fertilizers during the vegetative growth period, apply more phosphorus fertilizers during the flower bud formation period, loosen the soil the day before fertilization, and water the next morning after fertilization; Apply after the beginning of spring, not after the autumn equinox; It can be applied before the rain and on sunny days, but not after the rain; It is applied when the climate is dry, and not in the rainy season; When the potting soil is dry, when the potting soil is wet, the climate is suitable for vigorous growth, and the climate is hot and the growth is stagnant, and it is not applied when the new planting, growth and dormancy are not applied; Thin fertilizer is applied frequently, and thick fertilizer is not applied; Fat-loving chrysanthemums and jasmine, from light to thick, can be applied more, and pines and cypresses such as barren-resistant five-needle pine should be applied more than light; Apply before and after flowering, and do not apply during the full flowering period; It can be applied in the morning and evening, but not at noon; Strong seedlings can be applied more, and weak seedlings should be applied less; Do not be hungry, do not be full; Not rotten, not diluted, not applied.

3) Extra-root topdressing is sprayed on the top and bottom of the leaf with chemical fertilizer solution to make up for the lack of root fertilization. Due to the increased fertilizer absorption, the plant grows robustly, the branches are leafy, the flowers are colorful, and the disease resistance is also enhanced, but it cannot replace soil fertilization. Only inorganic fertilizers such as urea, ammonium sulfate, potassium chloride, superphosphate, and potassium dihydrogen phosphate that are easily soluble in water can be used in the morning and evening in the weather with low temperature and high humidity.

The temperature is high, it is easy to dry and cannot be absorbed. The depth is appropriate, too light and low fertilizer efficiency, too thick and difficult to absorb.

1. Types and times of fertilization. Foliage flowers and trees only need to apply 1-2 times of nitrogen-based fertilizer (every half month) during the spring and autumn growth periods.

once). Flowers and trees with ornamental flowers and fruits should be fertilized with nitrogen fertilizer 1-2 times at the stage of growing branches and leaves. From flower bud differentiation to flowering, it is advisable to apply phosphate-based fertilizer.

Yueji, jasmine, Milan and other flowers several times a year should be applied several times as appropriate to apply phosphate-based fertilizers (nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer concentrations should be mastered). Camellias, rhododendrons, etc. only bloom once a year, and do not fertilize during the flowering period to avoid early blooming of the flowers.

2. Fertilization concentration. Different flowers have different adaptations to fertilizer concentrations. Flowers with strong growth ability, such as jasmine, yueji, and pomegranate, can be stronger; Orchids, camellias, etc. are weak in fertilizer absorption, in order to prevent fertilizer damage, the method of thin fertilizer can be applied frequently, that is, 3 parts of fertilizer and 7 parts of water; Fertilization of large potted flowers and trees can be thicker; Small potted flowers can be lighter.

3. Fertilization method. Loosen the soil first and then fertilize, bury the granular fertilizer in the potting soil to avoid contact with the root system, or melt the granules and water them with water, and water them again in the morning after fertilization, which is conducive to the absorption of the root system of flowers and trees.

4. Symptoms of flower fertilizer deficiency. When the flower is short of fertilizer, the leaves are yellow from the bottom to the top (except for the aging of the base leaves), and the edge of the leaves hangs down (the leaves are also yellow when the pesticide concentration is too large, but the edge of the leaves is rolled up), and the rotten chicken manure and soybean cake can be diluted with 10 times of water and applied.

5. Symptoms of water deficiency of flowers and trees. Some flowers and trees will also turn yellow when there is a lack of water, such as camellia, rhododendron, etc., you can use 1% ferrous sulfate 2-3 times, or spray the leaf surface with 130-170 liters of vinegar and water, spray once every 10 days, spray 3-4 times in a row, and make the leaves turn from yellow to green.

6. Stop fertilizing during the dormant period. In winter, if indoor flowers and trees enter a dormant state, fertilization should be stopped (except for early spring flowering), and fertilization should also be stopped when Junzi orchid and Begonia enter dormancy in summer. In addition, freshly transplanted flowers and trees cannot be fertilized for the time being, and fertilizer can be applied after new roots have grown.

Special attention should be paid to the fact that the fertilizer that has not been rotted can not be applied, and the base fertilizer should be buried in the potting soil when the potted flowers are repotted to avoid contact with the root system.

7. Homemade fertilizer. Residents raise flowers, fertilizer source can be prepared by themselves, the disease-free vegetable leaves, melon peels, fish bones, eggshells, fish offal, moldy soybeans or rice water and other wastes are placed in a small tank, add a certain amount of water, seal and tie tightly with plastic film (rice water can be poured into the cola bottle), and use the fermented juice mixed with water after full fermentation, there may be some smell after application, and ventilation should be done. In order to adapt to the family flower raising, the flower market is equipped with a variety of series of chemical fertilizers, such as flower-promoting fertilizer, leaf fertilizer, all-element flake fertilizer (or granular), liquid organic fertilizer, etc., odorless and easy to use, flower lovers can choose the application on demand.