Why is Tulou s defense so good? 5

Men and women get along, and people who truly love you will definitely not feel that what you do is what you should do. You have to know that those men who can't do without you will not just treat you as a wife in their mouths, but in their hearts they will treat you as a nanny.

Because his structure is a bit of that kind of geography, so his kind of defense is relatively strong.

The construction of tulou, including southern Fujian tulou and a part of the Hakka tulou, the total number of about 3,000. It usually refers to the unique use of unprocessed raw soil in southwest Fujian, ramming the load-bearing raw soil walls to form a large building that integrates group living and defense.

According to historical records, a magnitude of seven ** made the wall of Yongding Huanji Tower crack by 20 centimeters, but it can recombine on its own. This shows the tenacity of Tulou.

Fujian tulou all have perfect defense functions. Its outer walls are one to two meters thick, the first and second floors do not open windows, and the only solid gate is closed, and the tulou becomes an impregnable fortress. In order to prevent fire, the door is equipped with a water and sand leakage device, and residents in the building can escape from the underground tunnel in case of emergency.

Nowadays, Tulou is no longer a fortress, but those complete and exquisite defense facilities still surprise people.

There are three typical Hakka tulou, namely Wufeng Building, Square Building, and Yuanzhai. On the whole, the Wufeng Tower, centered on the Santangwu, contains a clear sense of primordial and inferiority, and it is certain that it is a continuation of the ancient courtyard-style layout in the middle reaches of the Yellow River, the birthplace of Han culture.

The layout of the square building is similar to that of the Wufeng Tower, but its thick earthen walls are extended from the upper hall to the whole periphery, and it is very obvious that the defensive character is greatly strengthened. On the one hand, in the circular building, the three halls have been hidden, and the priority of respect and inferiority has been seriously weakened; On the other hand, the fortress is the fortress, and its defensive function rises to the top and becomes an extremely effective paramilitary project.

The common feature of tulou is that it takes a long construction period, which generally takes two or three years to complete, and the larger ones even accumulate decades and generations of hard work. 300,500 cubic metres of timber to be used. Because the earth wall is thick and narrow, solid and firm, the "three prevention" (windproof, waterproof, shockproof) performance is good, and some can also be fireproof (the three-ring earth wall is the three fire-sealing walls), especially its extraordinary earthquake resistance is impressive, almost all the earth buildings have been tested by different degrees, and they are safe and sound.

Such as built in 1693 A.D. Yongding Hukeng Town's "ring pole building", 300 years experienced several times, 1918 lunar calendar fourth day of the sixth day of the earthquake, only in the upper right of its main entrance between the 3rd floor to the 4th floor crack a 50 cm wide crack, due to the round building wall structure under the thick meter, slightly inward when extending upward, in the shape of a ladder, centripetal force is strong. After more than 70 years, it has miraculously been naturally healed, and now only a crack is one or two centimeters wide. Yongding "seniority" of the deepest "Fuxin Building", in 2012 people in order to avoid the inconvenience of people from entering and exiting from a gate, another small door was opened, and the stonemasons were invited to work hard to dig with steel chisel and pry for several days before opening, and the tenacity of this three-way earth wall can be seen from this.

From ancient times to before liberation, the tulou is a strong fort for the Hakka people to defend themselves, the tulou is rammed with earth and stone, without reinforced concrete, but firm as stone. The gate of the tulou is made of 10 centimeters of miscellaneous wood, nailed with iron plates, and some of the doors are equipped with fireproof water tanks. Circular tulou.

The first and second floors do not open windows, and there are double-layer outer windows, which are not only used for ventilation and light, but also convenient for sniping the invading enemy. There is an observation deck on the top floor of the tulou to keep an eye on the enemy's situation. In addition to prevention, the tulou also has the functions of fire prevention, earthquake prevention, animal prevention and ventilation and lighting.

Moreover, it is warm in winter and cool in summer, which is a unique building.

Because there won't be a cut of corners like the builders now.

One of the most important features is the thick walls of Hakka tulou, an extreme expression of the introversion of traditional Chinese housing. Taking the common four-storey tulou as an example, the ground floor and the second floor do not have external windows, the third floor has a narrow slit, the fourth floor has large windows, and sometimes the fourth floor is equipped with a balcony. The weak point of the earthen wall is the entrance, and the reinforcement measure is to wrap iron sheets on the thick hardwood door, and use a horizontal bar behind the door to fix it, and a fireproof water tank is placed on the door.

It's all for defensive reasons. The border area of Fujian, Guangdong and Jiangxi provinces was a barren land in the early days, but as late as the early 20s, there are still many primeval forests, insects and snakes infested, and there are many wild animals. For a long time in history, not only was it "the emperor was far away", but even the capitals of Fuzhou, Guangzhou, and Nanchang were helpless because of the extreme relationship and the dangerous road.

In addition to the Hakka people who are often attacked by the natives with strong folk customs, there are also constant fights between families with different surnames. The harsh living environment forced the Hakka people to attach great importance to defense, and they built their houses into a fortified city that was easy to attack, and the tribes lived together. In the era of primary firearms such as wells, granaries, and livestock pens in the tulou, the tulou enabled the Hakka people to obtain sufficient security.

Among the Hakka people, there are many stories that the enemy has been unable to attack for a long time, and "the building is safe and sound".

It's not just tulou. There are also carved floors and semi-enclosed houses, all of which are easy to defend and difficult to attack. There is a lot of space inside, there are wells, granaries, and you can feed cattle and sheep and do all kinds of work.

My house has a half-fence, and there are pear trees planted in the large fence. The six patio alleys are passed, there are three main gates, four side gates, and the side doors are all small alleys that only allow two people to walk together, extending about ten meters, easy to defend and difficult to attack. It's complicated anyway...

Really convinced the ancestors.

The main reason lies in the structure of the tulou.

Tulou generally has only one gate, and the so-called one husband should be closed and ten thousand people cannot be opened.

In addition, the walls of the tulou are extremely thick, and the outer ground floor is made of large stones. In ancient times, it was difficult to break.

Many tulou buildings also have fireproof designs, making it impossible to carry out ancient fire attacks.

So just guard the gate and you can guard the whole building.

There are many blast holes in the tulou, which are small, but they exist.

And his shape is round, and the inside is also twisted and turned, and the enemy is in the light and in the dark, of course!

Fujian Tulou is a large-scale rammed earth residential building in southwest Fujian in China, with a tall volume, usually three to four floors, and a height of up to 123 meters. Fujian tulou has the particularity of collective settlement, reflecting the strong family ethics of the Hakka people.

The characteristics of Fujian tulou: unique shape, large scale, seismic function, and ingenious structural layout.

1. The shape is unique.

Fujian tulou is a collective building built with a wall made of earth, which is circular, semicircular, square, quadrangular, pentagonal, chair-shaped, dustpan-shaped, etc., each with its own characteristics.

2. Large-scale.

Fujian Tulou belongs to the collective building, its biggest feature is that its shape is large, no matter from a distance or to the front, the Tulou is shocked by its huge monolithic building, its volume is large, it can be called the most dwelling.

3. It has anti-seismic function.

The walls of Fujian tulou are thick at the bottom and thin at the top, and some of the thick places are up to meters. When ramming, first dig a deep and large wall trench at the wall foundation, tamp it in, bury a large stone as the base, and then build the wall foundation with stones and mortar. The walls are then rammed with plywood panels.

The raw material of the earthen wall is mainly local clay laterite, mixed with an appropriate amount of small stones and lime, which is repeatedly pounded and mixed well. Some key parts should also be mixed with an appropriate amount of glutinous rice and brown sugar to increase its stickiness. When ramming, fir branches or bamboo pieces should be buried in the middle of the earthen wall as "wall bones" to increase its tensile force.

4. The structural layout is ingenious.

The round building is the most characteristic building in the local tulou group, generally it starts from a circle center, according to different radii, layer by layer outward, like the water waves in the lake, ring each other, very spectacular. Its most central place is the family ancestral courtyard, and the ancestral hall and corridor are in turn outward, and the outermost ring is inhabited. The whole tulou room is the same size, about 10 square meters in size, using a common staircase, and there are almost no secrets for each family.

The cultural connotation of Fujian tulou.

1. Family cohesion.

The construction of tulou is generally the largest building in the family and the solid wall foundation of the stable existence and function. In the tulou where the same clan lives, on the first floor is the grandson of a duke. Number of buildings.

10. Among the hundreds of people, there are many generations in the same house, with a common ancestor, and the highest elder has absolute authority.

2. Taoist philosophical thought.

In the construction of Hakka tulou, the application of Taoist philosophy can be described as wonderful, not only the tulou is completely based on its essence as a guide for building construction, but also other types of tulou construction also use Taoist ideas for site selection.

3. Strong cultural character.

The Hakka people attach great importance to culture and education, and a special atmosphere has long been formed in China's mountainous villages. The tradition of respecting teachers and valuing education has led to the establishment of special schools in many tulou buildings or ancestral halls and ancestral halls that double as schools for the children of the building and the surrounding areas to learn culture.

In fact, all Yongding Tulou has a defensive function, if you must choose the most prominent, it should be the five real buildings.

The defense capability of the five real buildings.

"Wushi Building" is located in Guzhu Village, Guzhu Township, built in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasties, is Zheng Chenggong's friendly army, the former residence of Su Fenglin, the general of the anti-Qing Dynasty and the restoration of the Ming Dynasty. This building is four floors high, and it has the most military color in Yongding Tulou.

There are corridors more than a meter wide between the exterior and interior walls. This corridor extends in all directions, twists and turns, like a trench. In order to strengthen the defense, each window on the ground floor is 10 centimeters wide and about 30 centimeters long, and the window on the second floor is only twenty or thirty centimeters wide.

The long, narrow window can be used as a gun hole. The door panel of the gate is thick and the door frame is made of stone strips. There are top-down water discharge facilities on the door, which can rely on the thick earthen wall and convenient ring corridor to carry out mobile and flexible defense battles with fire prevention.

Fujian Yongding Tulou is unique in the world.

Second, the fabulous residential architecture is wonderful, it has a long history, unique style, grand scale, exquisite structure, complete functions, rich connotation is famous all over the world, unique in Chinese traditional residential architecture, known as a bright pearl of oriental civilization.

The unique architectural structure is in harmony with nature, and the powerful fortifications make it difficult for bandits to start.

I don't think so, I'm on the side of Nanjing Tulou

There are many reasons for the construction of tulou, including convenience of life, ethnic groups, anti-bandits, etc., the most important reason is to prevent bandits. Tulou has round and square shapes. The small ones only live in 2-3 households, and the large ones can live in a few.

10. Hundreds of households. Many counties and villages in Fujian have tulou or tulou groups, which were destroyed by the four old ones in the Cultural Revolution, and some of them were destroyed by modern people gradually moving out and falling into disrepair. Zhangzhou is a well-preserved and concentrated tulou group.

If it is a group effect, marriage, so that everyone uses the same technology to build tulou. The tulou is warm in winter and cool in summer, square or round, living in groups, relatives and friends live happily together. It is precisely because there are many endless benefits that I have been making, more and more perfect, refining the arts, and finally it is beautiful!

In the past, people were very simple, mainly built to defend against foreign invasions.

Because Tulou's hometown is in Nanjing.

Naturally, there are a lot of tulou in the place of origin.

Personally, look at the tulou, or Nanjing is so hungry.

Tulou Ngawang.

War. There were too many bandits, and it was just a private house at that time, and now I think it's just magical.

Because it was to protect against the enemy who had encroached on the land.