Is Down syndrome hereditary Is Down syndrome hereditary?

Down syndrome is a very common genetic disorder that many children have been associated with since birth. Once a patient suffers from Down syndrome, it will be greatly affected throughout his or her life, and this disease is related to genetics. So, is Down syndrome inherited from one generation to the next?

Rest assured, although Down syndrome is a hereditary disease, it will only be passed on to the next generation, not the next generation. This means that if the parents do not have Down syndrome, and their grandparents have the disease, the child will not have Down syndrome. However, if one parent has Down syndrome, the child may also develop the disease.

Down syndrome is not allowed, if you want to get rid of this disease, you need to do a check-up before giving birth, so as to ensure that the child can be born safely. If it is found that there is a real possibility that the child will have such a disease, the pregnancy can be stopped. Prenatal check-ups can help you avoid giving birth to an unhealthy person with Down syndrome.

Although it will not be inherited from one generation to the next, its heritability is still relatively strong, and only one of the parents has this kind of disease, and the probability of the offspring suffering from the disease is very high. Therefore, parents with this disease should pay more attention and do a good job of prenatal check-ups.

Down syndrome can be inherited.

If a sibling has Down syndrome, it doesn't affect you because sometimes a genetic mutation can cause Down syndrome. My sibling has Down syndrome, and it may just be an accident. There is no such lesion in the genes.

So don't worry about your children inheriting this disease. You should also pay attention to your physical health, as long as your body is healthy, you can be proactive when preparing for pregnancy.

Down syndrome is not a hereditary disease, so whether there is a family history is no reference significance, Down syndrome is a congenital disease caused by gene mutations, it is caused by an extra chromosome 21, it may be caused by pregnant women during pregnancy, medication and exposure to harmful substances such as radiation, because Down syndrome is a genotype disease, so there is currently no way to **.

How to prevent Down syndrome.

There is currently no effective method. The best option is to terminate the pregnancy before the woman gives birth. Prenatal diagnosis is an effective measure to prevent the birth of children with Down syndrome.

Couples who have a history of childbirth with the disease should have a prenatal diagnosis, i.e., karyotype analysis, including amniocentesis for amniotic fluid cells, embryonic villous cells in the second trimester, and umbilical cord blood lymphocytes in the second trimester. The determination of prenatal screening serum markers HCG and AFP has certain clinical significance, because it can reduce the blindness of amniocentesis for prenatal diagnosis, indicate the existence of high-risk pregnant women, and enable these pregnant women to undergo further prenatal examination and counseling, so as to prevent the birth of children with Down syndrome to the greatest extent.

Down's screening is a test that is responsible for the fetus, and the expectant mother should do a good job of various examinations during pregnancy to ensure the normal and healthy growth and existence of the fetus. The best way to prevent Down syndrome is to terminate the pregnancy. This may be a cruel reality for expectant mothers, but for the sake of the growth of the fetus after birth, expectant mothers still need to make a clear choice.

1. Down syndrome, also known as trisomy 21, means that the patient's 21st pair of chromosomes has one more than a normal person (normal person is a pair), Down's screening is calculated by combining the content of AFP and HCG in the serum of pregnant women, combined with the age, weight, gestational age of the pregnant woman, the critical value of the risk value is 1 275, greater than the high risk, less than the low risk, the probability of the general population (under 37 years old) with Down (DS) is 1 750

Down syndrome is also known as trisomy 21, because the patient's chromosome 21 has one more chromosome than that of normal people, there are three, so it causes a series of clinical manifestations of dementia, so it is congenital stupidity.

Because chromosome 21 is autosome, it is an autosomal disorder. The disease is caused by the fact that the twenty-first pair of chromosomes is not completely separated, resulting in an extra chromosome in the fertilized egg. If the immediate family members have this disease, the chance of inheritance is relatively high.

It is worth mentioning that the incidence of this disease is also related to the mother's reproductive age, and the probability of giving birth to a child with the disease after the age of 40 will increase significantly, and if one child is born, the chance of a second child being sick is also very large, about 1%.

Because the pathogenesis of autosomal genetic diseases is relatively complex, divided into congenital, free, and recombinant types, the probability of disease cannot be accurately calculated, so if there are immediate family members with this disease or couples who have already given birth to a child, it is necessary to consider it carefully before giving birth.

First: genetic factors are a very important cause of Down syndrome, because Down syndrome is due to genetic mutations, one more chromosome in the 21st chromosome, and generally male patients are infertile, but female patients will also have genetic diseases when they give birth to offspring.

Second: the incidence of Down syndrome is directly related to the mother's pregnancy age, the older the pregnant woman will be more likely to give birth to a child with Down syndrome, the general age increases, the quality of women's eggs will decline, and the probability of causing chromosomal abnormalities will increase.

Thirdly, the progeny in the late stage of pregnancy can also cause the fetus to suffer from Down syndrome, for example, gestational sepsis will easily lead to insufficient blood supply to the fetus, and the oxygen supply to the fetal brain tissue will be affected, resulting in Down syndrome.

Down syndrome is not contagious. However, because Down syndrome is a congenital disorder caused by congenital chromosomal abnormalities in the fetus, that is, the cause of chromosomal abnormalities on chromosome 21, there may be certain genetic factors for Down syndrome.

Therefore, for every woman who wants to have children after pregnancy, usually about 15-20 weeks in the second trimester of pregnancy, Tang screening is usually required. If necessary, further tests such as non-invasive DNA or amniocentesis may be needed to determine whether the fetus has Down syndrome.

If the results of these tests suggest that the fetus has Down syndrome, it is usually recommended to terminate the pregnancy by inducing labor in time to reduce the chance of birth defects in the newborn.

Introduction to Down syndrome.

Down syndrome or trisomy 21, also known as congenital stupidity in China, is one of the most common serious birth defects. The clinical manifestations are: the patient's face is special, the corners of the eyes are upturned, the bridge of the nose is flattened, the tongue is often sticking out, muscle weakness and penetrating the hands.

The vast majority of patients have severe intellectual disability accompanied by abnormalities of various organs, such as congenital heart disease, leukemia, gastrointestinal malformations, etc. The disease occurs almost everywhere in the world, and there are few racial differences. According to statistics, the incidence of chromosomal abnormalities in neonates is 5-6 1000, and the incidence of Down syndrome is about 1 750, and the vast majority of patients occur randomly, but the incidence increases with the age of the mother, and the birth rate of the child can be as high as 1 350 when the mother is over 35 years old.

In the past, the only way to diagnose these diseases was to do amniotic fluid or chorionic villus tests, but these methods were limited to some high-risk pregnant women because they were time-consuming, costly, and troublesome to operate. In addition, about 80% of fetal chromosomal diseases occur in ordinary pregnant women, because the absolute value of fertility in this group exceeds that of high-risk groups, so prenatal diagnosis from the perspective of eugenics cannot be ignored. The actual situation is that the prenatal diagnosis department for this group of people has so far been unable to bear it, and eventually this group of people has become a blind spot for eugenics.

In 1988, the emergence of serum marker screening methods fundamentally changed the passive situation of prenatal prevention of the above-mentioned diseases.

Down syndrome is caused by chromosomal abnormalities, which means that children with Down syndrome have one more chromosome 21 than healthy children. There are several reasons for its occurrence: the first is genetic factors, that is, one of the parents of the child is a carrier of this 21-trisomy and contains this disease-causing gene, but it does not develop the disease, but it becomes the disease in the child.

The second is a high-risk pregnancy. Even if the mother's pregnancy age is relatively old, more than 35 years old, it will also lead to an increase in the chance of chromosomal abnormalities. In addition, the mother takes some special drugs orally during pregnancy, or is exposed to special radioactive substances or some chemical agents, which can also lead to the occurrence of chromosomal abnormalities.