How should peppers be fertilized? What kind of fertilizer can be applied to achieve high yields?

Pepper is native to Mexico, introduced into China in the late Ming and early Qing dynasties, it is rich in capsaicin, vitamins, carotene and minerals, which can be eaten fresh, seasoned, and can also be used as medicine, with very high edible value and medicinal value, and is favored by people on the dining table. Chili pepper is a vegetable with high economic benefits, and it is cultivated all over China. Peppers like fertilizer, only sufficient nutrients ** can meet the nutrient needs of stem and leaf development and continuous flowering and fruiting, so how to fertilize peppers?

Chili peppers are my favorite vegetables to grow, and today I will teach you scientific fertilization methods, so that chili peppers can not be picked one by one.

First of all, let's take a look at what kind of fertilizer peppers like? Peppers have the highest requirement for potassium throughout the growing season, followed by nitrogen and the least phosphorus. According to scientific research, every 1000 kg of fresh pepper needs nitrogen, potassium, phosphorus, so pepper needs sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and other macroelements during the growth period, nitrogen can promote the development of stems and leaves, phosphorus can promote flowering, can promote the development of roots, potassium can promote the expansion of fruits.

Pepper is neither drought nor waterlogg-tolerant, so when cultivating pepper, we should choose soil with deep soil layer, loose soil, convenient drainage and irrigation, strong water and fertilizer retention capacity, and rich organic matter content. Before transplanting pepper seedlings, 1000 kg of sufficient farm fertilizer and 40 kg of 45% compound fertilizer (15-15-15) were applied per mu as base fertilizer in combination with land preparation. The row spacing is 40 50 cm, the plant spacing is 30 40 cm, and it is planted with one hole and two plants.

As the old saying goes, "fertilizing a large area, it is better to point and line", when applying bottom fertilizer, we had better fertilize in the ditch or hole, so that the nutrients are more concentrated and help to improve fertilizer efficiency.

When the average temperature is stable above 15, you can transplant pepper seedlings, and the slow seedling period ends after 10 days of planting, at this time we can apply 10 kg of urea per mu or 1200 kg of decomposed thin manure water to promote the vigorous growth of seedlings. When fertilizing peppers, nitrogen fertilizer should not be applied partially, as too much nitrogen fertilizer application will easily lead to plant growth, delayed flowering and fruiting, less flowering, and serious flower and fruit dropping. In addition, partial application of nitrogen fertilizer will also lead to weak branches and leaves, and peppers will be more susceptible to diseases and pests.

When the pepper pepper fruit set, the plant has a large demand for nutrients, only sufficient nutrients can meet the nutrient demand for the plant to continue flowering and fruiting, at this time we can apply fertilizer from the root of the plant 5 10 cm, you can apply 25 kg of ternary compound fertilizer per mu, and cover the soil after top dressing. In addition to topdressing during the flowering and fruiting period of pepper, it is necessary to strengthen water management. For peppers cultivated in the open air, it is necessary to pay attention to drainage in the rainy season, and avoid water accumulation in the field, which not only easily leads to "three falls" (falling flowers, fallen leaves, and falling fruits), but also easily leads to root rot and death.

Dig a trench next to the pepper and pour the fertilizer on the side; According to the different periods of peppers, the fertilizer is also different, the primary stage of pepper should choose nitrogen fertilizer, and the middle stage of pepper should use urea and human manure.

Choose the right fertilization time, it is best to choose compound fertilizer, observe the air permeability of the soil before fertilization, and you can choose to fertilize it on rainy days; I think it's best to choose compound fertilizers, which can also be combined with corresponding nitrogen fertilizers and potassium fertilizers.

Seedling stage is generally not carried out top dressing, if there are symptoms of nutrient deficiency, a small amount of urea can be combined with watering within 15 to 20 days before planting; Seedlings should be selected in 2 3 years have not been planted with nightshade vegetables on the land for furrowing, the base fertilizer of pepper should be based on high-quality circle fertilizer, top dressing generally needs to be carried out 2 3 times.

After the pepper is planted, a large amount of watering, in the seedling stage of the pepper, to choose a balanced water-soluble fertilizer. Nitrogen, phosphate and potash fertilizers can be selected.

This needs to be done according to the production of peppers, if the yield is not particularly high, then it should be fertilized more and at a fixed time. If you have the opportunity, you should be able to produce high yields and achieve a certain amount of sales.

The three compound fertilizers that peppers are most afraid of: nitrogen fertilizer, raw fertilizer, and chlorine fertilizer.

1. Nitrogen fertilizer

There are disadvantages to applying more nitrogen fertilizer to peppers, first of all, it will make the peppers less spicy, and peppers that do not have much spiciness. Secondly, it will cause peppers to grow wildly, and oranges will develop too vigorously, which will cause flowering to be delayed until the end, and flowers and fruits will fall.

Finally, it is easy to have pests and diseases, because it is too much to meet the demand for nitrogen fertilizer for peppers, and the peppers grow too well, and the peppers suddenly become soft and juicy, which will naturally attract some pests and diseases to come over, and cause pests and diseases from Zi infiltration.

2. Raw fertilizer

Raw fertilizer, raw fertilizer is unrotted farm fertilizer, farm fertilizer is definitely to fertilize, because the nutrients of farm fertilizer are not other chemical fertilizers and pesticides can provide, but this premise is that the fertilizer farm fertilizer must be rotten, if there is no rotten farm fertilizer will be problematic.

Because the nutrients in the unrotted farmyard manure are in an organic state, this direct use will make it difficult for plants to absorb. Moreover, there are insect eggs in the raw fertilizer, which can enter the soil and cause pests and diseases.

3. Chlorine fertilizer

The so-called chlorine fertilizer refers to the fertilizer containing chlorine, such as potassium chloride, ammonium chloride or compound fertilizer containing chlorine. Pepper is a typical chlorine-resistant crop, the high concentration of chloride ions in the soil will inhibit the absorption capacity of the root system, and the stress resistance of the crop will also decrease, which will eventually lead to the reduction of the yield and quality of pepper, so we should not apply fertilizers containing "chlorine" when fertilizing peppers.

1. Characteristics of pepper fertilizer, pepper fertilization is mainly concentrated in root fertilization, which can improve fertilizer utilization, generally every 1000 kg of fresh pepper produced, at least 5 kg of nitrogen fertilizer, 1 kg of phosphate fertilizer, and 5 kg of potassium fertilizer.

2, the application of foot fertilizer, the application of sufficient base fertilizer is the key to high yield of pepper, before planting into the rotten farmhouse fertilizer 500 kg, due to the low concentration of farmhouse fertilizer fertilizer, fertilizer effect time, so it can be used as a high-quality base fertilizer for pepper, pepper fertilization in addition to the base fertilizer but also top dressing three times.

3. Light application of seedling fertilizer, seedling fertilizer should be applied when watering when transplanting peppers, and 5-10 kg of compound fertilizer per mu is appropriate.

4. Steady application of bud fertilizer, bud fertilizer is applied when the pepper buds, because this time is the transition period from vegetative growth to reproductive growth of the pepper, the fertilizer applied should be appropriate, if the fertilizer is excessive, the pepper will grow, if the fertilizer is not enough, the pepper blooms too little, it will affect the yield.

1. Apply foot fertilizer, if there is high-quality farm fertilizer at home, you can apply 500 kg of farmhouse fertilizer per mu that is well rotted, due to the low concentration of farm fertilizer and long fertilizer effect, so it can be used as a high-quality base fertilizer for peppers, if there is not so much farm fertilizer at home, you can use compound fertilizer as the base fertilizer of peppers, and the ternary compound fertilizer can be 40 kg per mu.

2. Repeated fertilization, pepper fertilization in addition to basal fertilizer should also be topdressed three times, once when the seedlings are raised, the second time is when the flowers are blooming, and the third time is when a large number of fruits are set.

3. Light application of boring first seedling fertilizer to take the difficulty, seedling fertilizer should be applied when watering when transplanting peppers, and it is advisable to apply 5-10 kg of compound fertilizer per mu.

4. Steady application of bud fertilizer, bud fertilizer is fertilized when the pepper buds, because this time is the transition period of pepper from vegetative growth to reproductive growth, if the fertilizer is excessive, the pepper will grow, if the fertilizer is not enough, the pepper flowering and elimination cover is too little, and it will not be able to receive so many fruits, which will definitely affect the yield, so at this time the fertilization should be stable, you can use 20 kg of compound fertilizer of 15-15-15, and add 5 kg of superphosphate.

5, heavy application of flower and fruit fertilizer, pepper flowering, pollination began to set fruit, fruit set after fruit set, after the fruit set into the fruit expansion period, this time it needs a lot of water and fertilizer, only sufficient water and fertilizer pepper can grow normally, the yield of pepper can be guaranteed, in addition, this period is also an important period to determine the quality of pepper, the application of the appropriate amount of potassium fertilizer plays an important role in improving the quality of pepper, so fertilization recommends 5 kg of urea, 5 kg of compound fertilizer, 10 kg of potassium fertilizer, after the fertilizer is applied pay attention to watering, Prevention and control of fertilizer damage.

Pepper growth period is long, the amount of fruit is large, the harvest time is long, the demand for nutrients is relatively large, in the application of base fertilizer must be sufficient, the bottom fertilizer is sufficient, can ensure that the pepper from sowing to budding before the lack of nutrients. When applying base fertilizer, it is necessary to take the decomposed organic fertilizer as the mainstay, supplemented by nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium chemical fertilizer, and the planting of pepper should first figure out the yield target to be achieved and the law and characteristics of the fertilizer demand of the pepper during the whole growth period, and then according to the proportion of nutrient demand at each stage, the nutrients should be reasonably matched, and the amount of base fertilizer and top dressing should be allocated on demand.

The root system of pepper is underdeveloped, the root quantity is small, the distribution is shallow, the regeneration is weak, the absorption is also weak, the oxygen demand of root development is large, and it is not high and resistant to waterlogging. Due to the small size of the leaves. The transpiration is less, the fruit does not contain much water, the water consumption is less, and the effective drought tolerance is strong; We must remember that we should water in time after each top dressing, which can promote the absorption of nutrients by peppers, thereby improving the utilization rate of fertilizer, and can also increase the humidity in the field, which is more conducive to pepper flowering and fruit setting.

For large-scale planting of peppers, topdressing and seedling fertilizer are generally carried out, which is conducive to the rapid growth and development of peppers in the early stage and early entry into the flowering period of peppers. If the seedling fertilizer is applied, it is necessary to pay attention to the crazy growth of pepper seedlings in the later stage and prepare for the control of prosperity. Adopt nutrient bowl to raise seedlings, cultivate strong seedlings, prevent slow seedlings after planting, and improve the survival rate after planting.

To ensure the normal growth and development of pepper seedlings, it is necessary to do a good job of deploying fertile seedbed soil.

After the pepper enters the late stage of growth, its own physiological function begins to decline, which is manifested as the yellow leaves of the leaves, the aging of the root system, the decline of stress resistance, and the premature aging of the whole plant. In this period, root maintenance is particularly important, in addition to root raising, a large number of elements of water-soluble fertilizers and trace elements are also very important, the vegetative growth of plants is weak, at this time the need for phosphorus and potassium is the largest, accounting for about 50% of the total absorption. If you need to pay attention to the second top dressing at this time, about 10 kg of ternary compound fertilizer can be used per mu, and you also need to water after top dressing to increase plant absorption.

In land preparation, 5,000 kg of decomposed farm fertilizer, 50 kg of superphosphate and 20 kg of potassium sulfate need to be applied per mu. This can promote the growth of the pepper's subsequent growth. Fertilization should be carried out in sunny weather, if fertilization on rainy days may cause the fertilizer to flow away with the water, so that it can not provide sufficient nutrients for the peppers, and it is also necessary to loosen the soil before fertilization, which can promote the absorption of nutrients by the root system.

Pepper fertilization should give adequate nutrients. Sufficient nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium are supplemented to make the pepper yield high.

Field management: the production density of pepper is 3000-4000 holes (double plants) per mu, the row spacing is 50-60 cm, and the plant spacing is 25-30 cm. Fertilization:

Every 1000 kg of pepper produced is about kilograms of nitrogen, phosphorus kilograms, and potassium kilograms.

It's normal. Pepper topdressing is generally in the evening, about 15 cm away from the roots, and then irrigated and watered immediately after chasing. The principle of top dressing is a small amount many times.

The first top dressing: after the first flowering period of the pepper, the first top dressing is carried out when the fruit is sitting, when most of the plants are set after the pepper is set, the second water is watered, and combined with watering, the fertilizer is reapplied. Generally, every time the fruit is harvested, combined with watering and topdressing once, each time a high-nitrogen and high-potassium fertilizer is applied per mu.

Summary: Chili peppers are used as fresh peppers for consumption, and dried peppers are used to make them. When making top dressing of fresh peppers, nitrogen fertilizer is biased, but not excessive, otherwise the fruit setting rate of vigorous growth is low.

The focus of making dry pepper in Zhichong is to chase nitrogen fertilizer on the basis of nitrogen fertilizer and partial potassium fertilizer after the fruit set is red. Potassium is the element that determines the color and quality of dried peppers.

Foliar sprays. 1) During the growth of pepper, it is best to combine the spraying of pests and diseases, after fruit set, the appropriate spraying of urea and ribery Yanwo powder potassium dihydrogen solution can effectively prevent flower and fruit fall.

2) At the peak of fresh pepper harvesting, pepper needs to absorb a large amount of magnesium fertilizer, magnesium nitrate solution, and spray it several times.

3) When pepper is deficient in boron, Yanwo boron fertilizer can be used, which has a high safety dust coefficient and is not easy to cause poisoning.

Grasp the time to chase or brother fertilizer, but also to choose the right fertilizer into the shirt skillfully splashing, to hold the concentration of fertilizer in a wide grip, to prevent the phenomenon of burning seedlings, but also to water regularly.

First of all, it is necessary to pay attention to the right time, use the right messy fertilizer, and also pay attention to the concentration of the fertilizer, and it is necessary to grasp the amount, and at the same time, we should also pay attention not to harm the skin source to the roots, and we must ensure that the bottom fertilizer is sufficient.

After the pepper seedlings are picked and survived, 500 kg of 1% ammonium sulfate per mu is poured on the roots of the seedlings.

When the pepper seedlings grow flower buds, the fingers are high, and 600 kg of 40% human feces per mu or 15 kg of water to 4% calcium sulfate are poured on the roots of the plant.

The first fruits of the pepper plant are about the end of May, with 800 kg of 50% manure, 10 kg of ammonium sulfate, and 5 kg of superphosphate, stir evenly, then pull the ditch to fertilize, and then water.

The middle period of fruiting is also the peak period (probably in late June of the burning calendar), and the fertilization method is the same as step 3.