How to manage the fertilization of watermelons in greenhouses?

Heavy application of basal fertilizer is the basis for ensuring the robust growth and high yield of watermelon stems. After the harvest of the previous crops, combined with deep ploughing and land preparation, 4000 kg of decomposed organic fertilizer was applied per mu, and the ditch was planted according to the specified row spacing and 30cm deep. Apply 10 cm thick organic fertilizer, 30 kg compound fertilizer or 10 kg urea, 15 kg diammonium phosphate and potassium sulfate at the bottom of the ditch, then apply a layer of 10 cm thick organic fertilizer, and apply 20 kg of compound fertilizer or 10 kg of diammonium phosphate, potassium sulfate and urea at the top layer to make chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and soil mixed evenly in the ditch.

Melons enter the tendril stretching stage, and the demand for fertilizer and water increases. At this time, topdressing should be aimed at promoting the growth of tendrils and expanding the leaf area, but to prevent overgrowth. Top dressing is mainly decomposed organic fertilizer, with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer.

The amount of fertilizer is 750 kg of organic fertilizer per mu, 15 kg of compound fertilizer, or 50 75 kg of rotted cake fertilizer, 10 kg of superphosphate, 10 kg of potassium sulfate.

10 kg of urea, mix well and use. Ditching and strip sowing: On the side of the plastic film, 20 cm away from the root of the watermelon, open a 20 cm deep fertilization ditch.

After fertilizing and sealing the ditch, water it in time to keep the soil dry and wet. Normal watermelons grow to the size of eggs, begin to expand rapidly, and the fertilizer requirement gradually reaches a peak throughout the growing season. At this time, bulking fertilizer should be reapplied to promote the expansion of the melon and prevent premature senescence.

Phosphate and potassium fertilizers are the main top dressing agents, and less or no nitrogen fertilizer can avoid reducing the quality of watermelon due to excessive nitrogen fertilizer. 15 kg of diammonium phosphate, 15 kg of potassium sulfate, and 10 kg of urea or compound fertilizer were applied per mu. Apply 30 cm from the root next to the ridge or between two plants next to the ditch.

After fertilization, water the expanded watermelon in time to promote nutrient absorption and accelerate the expansion of the watermelon.

When spraying foliar fertilizer on watermelon, it is necessary to pay attention to the fruit after flowering, and then start spraying foliar fertilizer at intervals, spraying on the back of watermelon leaves and the surface of watermelon, which can promote the absorption rate of watermelon on fertility; When planting in greenhouses, the spraying time can be selected from 10:00 a.m. to 4:00 p.m., which is conducive to absorption, and the interval time is generally 10-15 days.

When the watermelon begins to pick and ripen, you can stop spraying foliar fertilizer. In the watermelon vine extension period, according to different climatic conditions and watermelon growth, it is necessary to help the stem and leaves grow rapidly in time, and skillfully apply vine extension fertilizer; When most of the plants in the field bear fruit and the young fruits are about the size of eggs, they should start to apply bulking fertilizer to promote the development and expansion of fruits and maintain the growth potential of plants.

The method of fertilization is roughly the same as that of spring cultivation, and when climbing cultivation is adopted, each standard greenhouse is made 2 furrows. However, it should be noted that before planting, because the general front stubble is mostly watermelon, it is necessary to carefully carry out the soil, and "Lvheng No. 1" can be sprayed; If the soil is too dry, it should be irrigated and ploughed. After planting, the roots should be watered and covered with the roof film and shade net.

The fertilization of watermelon in the greenhouse is based on ensuring nitrogen fertilizer, and increasing organic fertilizer, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer. However, it is necessary to control nitrogen fertilizer and avoid excessive nitrogen fertilizer causing the quality of watermelon.

First of all, the amount of fertilizer should be significantly increased, and the application of organic fertilizer and phosphorus and potassium fertilizer should be increased, and the fertilizer quality should be rich in organic content, loose, and strong in water and fertility.

Watermelon planting technology fertilization and watering are particular, pay attention to 6 points, watermelon planting management plan.

We mainly focus on watermelons in greenhouses or small arched watermelons, and have obtained the national geographical indication trademark registration: "Guandiwa" watermelon, "Guandiwa" watermelon and melon have won the honorary title of "Yantai Top Ten Famous Melons" respectively. The watermelon is large, sweet, and has few deformities.

The yield and quality of watermelon have a lot to do with fertilization, especially the sweetness of watermelon, the amount of fertilizer applied and the type of fertilizer is a decisive factor. The yield of watermelon is higher, and the demand for fertilizer is more, and for every 1000 kg of watermelon produced, 3 kg of nitrogen is needed.

Although the fertilizer requirement of <> watermelon is relatively large, the root system itself is relatively fragile, and it is easy to burn out the root system due to excessive fertility. The whole growth process of watermelon from seedling to maturity has different degrees of change in the absorption of various fertilizers, and if you want watermelon to grow big and sweet, fertilization is a must. There are about a dozen catties of urea per acre.

And bread fat. Some animal manure is also fine. Don't covet his numbers.

The number is too small. It's best to keep one on top of one in good condition. Just keep the soil moist.

Compound fertilizer: watermelon needs the proportion of compound fertilizer for low nitrogen, phosphorus and high potassium, you can use the quality of compound fertilizer, about 70 80 kg per mu, or use a single nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, such as 20 kg of urea for nitrogen fertilizer, 80 100 kg of superphosphate for phosphate fertilizer, and 25 30 kg of potassium sulfate per mu for potassium fertilizer. When we apply base fertilizer to watermelon, we mainly use well-rotted organic fertilizer, and the amount of fertilizer per mu is about 4000 5000 kg, and urea is 15 20 kg, which is very suitable for changing the fertility of the soil.

I'll briefly say this, it is most appropriate to make 3,000 pounds of rotted farmhouse fertilizer per acre, so that the soil can be loose and breathable, and the organic nutrition is comprehensive, and then add watermelon special fertilizer in the later stage, so that the watermelon grows sweet and big. Home is a rural farming, there is a kind of bottom fertilizer, with some phosphorus fertilizer and organic fertilizer, and wait until the watermelon seedlings grow.

Let's talk about the amount of fertilizer required during the watermelon seedling period, the watermelon absorbs all the fertilizer at this stage very small, and the nutrients in the nutrient bowl are enough for the growth of watermelon seedlings. And when the planting plot is organized, a certain amount of basic fertilizer has already been applied, so there is no need for additional fertilizer. Let's talk about the watermelon vine stretching period, for the seedlings, the amount of fertilizer required at this stage is relatively large, and the fertilizer required accounts for about 1 10 of the entire growth process.

Top dressing should be mainly nitrogen fertilizer, with some phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer. When watermelons bloom, the demand for phosphate fertilizer increases significantly, which can make watermelons grow faster and prevent branches and leaves from weakening, thus increasing the probability of watermelon. When it is time to bear small watermelons, from the process of twisting and dehairing from the small melon to the beginning of the expansion of the watermelon, the nutrient demand and absorption of watermelon seedlings reach the highest peak.

Watermelon seedling stage watermelon to all the fertilizer absorption is very small, do not need additional fertilization, watermelon vine stretching, this stage of the fertilizer demand is relatively much larger, top dressing to nitrogen fertilizer-based, with some phosphate fertilizer and potassium fertilizer use, the later stage to farm organic fertilizer mainly for fertilization.

Watermelons don't need to be fertilized regularly, and they will grow faster and better if they are kept rhythmically once a week.

The five main elements absorbed by watermelon are nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium, calcium, and magnesium. These five elements have different effects, for example, potassium fertilizer can promote the growth of watermelon vines, improve the stress resistance of watermelon, the so-called "base fertilizer", refers to the fertilizer applied before watermelon planting. There are three main purposes for applying basal fertilizer to growing watermelons:

The first is to meet the nutrient needs of watermelon in the growth process and prevent watermelon from lacking fertilizer.

There are three main methods of watermelon base fertilizer application in <> planting, namely, sprinkling, furrow application and hole application; Sprinkle the fertilizer evenly on the surface, combined with the land preparation into the soil, apply organic fertilizer per mu to 3t ditch application according to the fixed value or sowing row spacing ditch, how to top dressing after the result, mainly depends on the weather, the weather is dry for a long time, then to drench fertilizer water, generally once a week, each mu dosage of compound fertilizer 30 kg, the amount of water should be sufficient, because the weather is dry, the soil moisture is insufficient, to increase the moisture, after the first stubble melon is harvested, immediately apply 1 fast-acting fertilizer, Generally, 10-15kg of high-efficiency phosphorus and potassium binary compound fertilizer potassium dihydrogen phosphate foliar fertilizer is applied per mu, which can quickly supplement phosphorus and potassium elements through foliar absorption and promote crop growth.

The characteristics of the total fertilizer requirement of watermelon are: the total amount of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium fertilizer required less fertilizer at the seedling stage is the total absorption, the growth rate is accelerated at the vine extraction stage, and the growth rate increases, accounting for about the total absorption, and the growth amount is the largest at the melon setting stage, with an absorption of 84Flowering pollination, never watering and fertilizing.

In general, do not carry out topdressing when watermelons are flowering and ready for pollination, so as to avoid poor pollination of flowers and poor melon sitting.

The best temperature should be at 15-30 degrees, if it is lower than 15 degrees, then it will make the watermelon develop slowly, watermelon has particularly high requirements for light and moisture, if the weather is dry, high temperature, fertile soil, then the quality of watermelon is better, after planting seedlings in the Spring Festival, melon farmers will open an arc ditch at a distance of 10-15 cm from the roots, and apply 5 kg of fast-acting urea per mu of melon field.

Watermelon has no strict requirements for soil, but sandy loam soil is the best, which is conducive to root development. The root system of watermelon is more developed, and the soil should be turned 40 cm deep before planting to make the root system fully grow. 4000 5000 kg of fully decomposed high-quality organic fertilizer, 15 20 kg of urea, 25 30 kg of superphosphate, 10 15 kg of potassium sulfate, or 50 60 kg of special fertilizer for watermelon, combined with deep ploughing and land preparation, half of it is applied when cultivating the land, and the other half is applied when ridge is formed, and the chemical fertilizer, organic fertilizer and the soil in the ditch are mixed evenly.

Watermelon is one of our common fruits, sweet and delicious, and it is a must-have fruit in summer. When planting watermelons, we should plant scientifically, choose good fertilizers, fertilize them during the long vine period of watermelon growth, and plan reasonably to avoid other branches and leaves taking away nutrients.

If you want to make watermelon yield high through fertilization, in the process of fertilizing watermelon, you should pay attention to the application of base fertilizer, generally with an appropriate amount of chemical fertilizer plus yellow phosphorus and potassium fertilizer, sulfuric acid fertilizer for deep ploughing application. In the seedling growth period of watermelon, it should also be properly topped according to the soil conditions and the growth of seedlings, and then fertilized and waited until the production period, and then appropriately topped urea and potassium sulfate to supplement fertilizer. Waiting for the long melon period is also the most critical period, it is necessary to focus on zero potassium fertilizer, plus appropriate carbon fertilizer.

In the late stage of watermelon growth, potassium dihydrogen phosphate can be sprayed on the foliar surface of watermelon to supplement nutrients and carry out topdressing outside the roots. It should be noted that when fertilizing watermelon, avoid getting too close to the roots of watermelon, otherwise it may also cause root burning, and avoid fertilizing on rainy days or drought, which is easy to lose fertilizer.

If you want to improve the yield of watermelon, you need to improve the conditions of fertilization, and then in the process of fertilizing watermelon, you can use drip irrigation, which can well control the amount of fertilizer, which will affect the growth of watermelon because of the excessive amount of fertilizer, and can also maximize the efficiency of identification. When fertilizing, you can choose water-soluble fertilizer that can be dissolved in water, plus organic fertilizer and bacterial fertilizer can improve watermelon, and the soil allows the root system of watermelon to absorb nutrients more fully, so as to ensure the growth of watermelon.

In addition to the fertilizer of watermelon, watermelon is also extremely important for watermelon field management, and we must pay attention to the management of temperature and sunlight. If you want to make the taste of watermelon sweeter and help the accumulation of sugar, you should use the temperature difference between day and night to operate, let the watermelon have sufficient ventilation conditions at night, and let the watermelon shine in the sunlight during the day, so as to improve the quality of the watermelon and make the watermelon have better benefits.

Finally, watermelon is very popular in our country, and the economic value is relatively high, so if you want to ensure the taste and yield of watermelon, you need to use the growth characteristics of watermelon to carry out targeted fertilization.

It is necessary to understand the way of top dressing, pay attention to the fertilization of watermelon, and understand the growth cycle of watermelon, so that the yield of watermelon can be ensured. Attention should be paid to the skills of fertilization, the elements of top dressing, the use of fertilizers, the needs of field management, the prevention of disease problems, and the control of temperature, which need to be paid attention to.

Watermelon without chlorine-containing chemical fertilizer belongs to chlorine crops, do not apply thick fertilizer in drought, can not fertilize in the topsoil, should not be irrigated immediately after applying urea, nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizer combination, can not be a single application of nitrogen fertilizer.

The choice of fertilizer must be targeted, to grasp the law of fertilization, try not to choose high concentration of fertilizer, but also timely watering, to appropriately increase the air permeability of the soil.

1. Variety selection:

According to the market demand, we select excellent hybrid varieties such as "Zaojia 84-24" and "Taiwan Xiaolan" with early maturity, high yield, strong resistance and good quality.

2. Sowing period:

Generally, the seedling age of winter seedlings is about 30 days, and the cluster stove adopts the form of greenhouse + small shed + mulch film to raise seedlings, sow in mid to late November, transplant in mid to late December, and can be marketed in early April.

3. Seed treatment:

Before sowing, choose sunny weather to dry the seeds for a day to improve germination potential. Soaking seeds: first immerse in 55 warm water for 15-30 minutes, stir while soaking, and then soak seeds in room temperature water for 2-4 hours.

Sowing: One week before sowing, the seedling shed is covered with film and insulation, the seedling nutrition bag is placed, and the nutrient soil bottom water is poured at one time two days before sowing, and the soil temperature can be controlled above 25.

4. Seedling management:

Before the emergence of the seedbed is required to be moist, after the emergence of seedlings to the first true leaf as little as possible before the watering, after depending on the nutrient soil moisture appropriate watering, the soil is not white, to water thoroughly, watering should be watered at noon with warm water, 5-7 days before transplanting to stop watering seedling diseases are mainly cataplexy, blight and roots. 10 grams of 70% dixone powder and 10 kg of fine soil per square meter are mixed and sprinkled on the bed surface, or sprayed with 400 times of Pulik to prevent cataplexy; Use 1500 times of 5% Jingming Zheng Suigangmycin aqueous solution, or 300 times of 10% Likuling water solution, or 450 times of 15% Oxamylin water solution to prevent and control blight and roots. Before planting, spray 50% carbendazim 600 times with medicine in the field.

5. Timely harvesting

According to the ripeness of different varieties, the number of days after pollination is calculated according to the melon marking, and the maturity can be accurately judged and harvested in time when the number of days after fruit setting is reached.