How to understand this sentence about morphemes

Take the sofa, for example. The meaning of "sofa" has nothing to do with the separate words "sand" and "hair", and only the two words together can express the complete meaning of sofa, so the "sand" and "hair" in "sofa" are just sounds and meaningless, not morphemes. When used alone, sand, sand; Hair, development, all have meaning, so it is a morpheme.

In fact, this question is not difficult to understand.

1. First of all, let's clarify the concept of morphemes, which are the best grammatical units and the smallest phonetic and semantic combinations. (I forgot a little bit about it, maybe the expression is not very standardized, but the meaning is correct.) ｝

2. In "sofa", "chocolate" and "motor", "sand, hair, skill, gram, force, horse, and da" have no meaning, so they cannot be called morphemes. The same makes sense when "sofas" are connected, as are "chocolates" and "motors". So "sofa", "chocolate", "motor" are morphemes.

Morphemes can be divided into monosyllabic morphemes, two-syllable morphemes, and polysyllabic morphemes. There is a kind of word in the two-syllable morpheme called a foreign word, such as "sofa" and "motor".

3. In the words "sandbag", "hairpin", "carriage" and so on, "sand", "hair", "horse", "bag", "clip" and "car" are called morphemes. Because they are the smallest phonetic combinations, they have pronunciation and meaning. At this time, "sandbag", "hairpin", "carriage", etc. are not morphemes, but words.

More than 95% of the components are natural inorganic mineral components, giving the building a calcareous texture of the European Middle Ages, so that the building and the environment can achieve perfect harmony. Simple, rugged, and calm style exudes an uncarved casualness, infusing modern architecture with surprise and distinct personality. The use of different construction tools, or the combination of finishes, can deduce the unpredictable three-dimensional texture, creating a unique and personalized façade.

The texture is combined with a translucent colorant with colorful colors, which has a thick texture like stone, giving the building a new sensibility. Combined with a wide range of paint finishes, the architect can show his wisdom to the fullest. The flatness of the base surface is not required, and it is especially suitable for the base surface that is difficult to handle.

Excellent breathability and hydrophobicity, keeping walls dry and helping to regulate indoor humidity. It is inorganic like the wall....

Morphemes, linguistic term, refers to the smallest phonetic and semantic combination in a language. That is to say, a linguistic unit must meet three conditions at the same time - "minimum, sound, meaningful" in order to be called a morpheme, especially "minimum" and "meaningful".

The smallest refers to the size of the unit, which is relative to the advanced phonetic and semantic units such as words and phrases; Meaningfulness refers to the meaning content of morphemes (the referent aspects of signs), including lexical or grammatical meanings. The grammatical meaning is also generally referred to as the grammatical function.

Morphemes are divided into three ways of word formationMonosyllabic morphemes: Word formation consists of words that only make sense in one word.

Disyllabic morphemes: Word formation consists of words that are meaningful in two words.

Polysyllabic morphemes: Words are composed of words that are meaningful by two or more words.

1. Morphemes. A morpheme is the smallest phonetic, semantic junction, and the smallest meaningful unit of language. A morpheme is not a unit of language that works independently, its main function is to serve as a material for the composition of words.

To say that it is a combination of phonetics and semantics, a meaningful linguistic unit, the purpose is to distinguish it from syllables, and some syllables have no meaning just because they have sounds, and cannot be regarded as morphemes, such as "雳" and "馄". To say that it is the smallest meaningful unit of language, not a unit of language that is used independently, is to distinguish it from words. [1]

2. Words. Words are made up of morphemes, which are one level higher than morphemes. A word is the smallest unit of language that can be used independently, and in a language, it is the second-to-last.

This sentence illustrates the role of words in language, firstly, to say that words can be used independently, and secondly, to say that it is the smallest of the linguistic units that can be used independently. But when it comes to independent use, there is a difference between real and virtual words. As far as real words are concerned, they can act as sentence components on their own.

3. Phrases. A phrase is a language unit without a sentence that can be combined at the syntactic, semantic, and pragmatic levels, also known as a phrase. It is a grammatical unit that is larger than a word and a few noisy sentences that do not necessarily form a sentence.

Simple phrases can act as syntactic components of complex phrases, and phrases plus tone can become sentences.

Morphemes: A morpheme is the smallest phonetic-semantic combination. In order for a linguistic unit to meet three conditions at the same time—"minimal, sound, and meaningful", it can be called a morpheme, especially minimum and meaningful.

The smallest of them refers to the size of the unit, which is relative to the advanced phonetic and semantic units such as words and phrases; Meaningfulness refers to the meaning content of morphemes (the referent aspects of signs), including lexical or grammatical meanings. The grammatical meaning is also generally referred to as the grammatical function. Phonic refers to the phonetic form of a morpheme (i.e., the signifier aspect of a sign).

To distinguish morphemes, we can start from the following aspects:

1. Understand the definition of morphemes.

A morpheme is the smallest phonetic combination, that is, it has both pronunciation and contextual meaning. The morphemes in modern Chinese are dominated by monosyllabics, such as: sun, moon, water, take, death, beauty, etc.

Therefore, to determine the number of morphemes of a sentence or a phrase, we might as well count the number of Chinese characters.

However, in polysyllabic words, the number of Chinese characters and morphemes do not correspond one-to-one. For example, the word "sofa", "sand" and "hair" have no meaning, it just records the pronunciation of the word, so "sofa" is a morpheme. This shows that given a word to determine how many morphemes it has, we need to pay attention to analyzing whether the Chinese character has a corresponding meaning in a specific context.

2. Explicit words often indicate a morpheme.

Regardless of the number of Chinese characters, the words that make up a word from a morpheme are onomatopoeia, transliterated foreign words, and continuous words.

Onomatopoeia: dingdong, bang, crackling, etc.

Loanwords: tank, jeep, ballet, olympic, etc.

Continuous words: pipa, ping-pong, surging, embarrassing, gourd, confused, creeping, brilliant, centipede, lush, coral, pimple, etc.

In general, if the above types of words appear, no matter what the number of Chinese characters is, they are all one morpheme.

3. Use the substitution method to judge the stuffy chain horm.

For example, if you want to determine how many morphemes it is, you can judge whether the "wax" and "candle" in it are a morpheme by substituting the word formation. In addition to "candle", "candle" can also form wax paper, crayon and other words, note that the meaning of "wax" in "candle", "wax paper" and "crayon" here is the same, so "wax" is a morpheme; "Candle" can also be used to form other words, such as "candle" and "candle", note that the meaning of "candle" in "candle", "candle" and "fire candle" is the same, so "candle" is one morpheme, so "candle" is two morphemes.

1. Morphemes.

A morpheme is an element that makes up a word. It is the smallest unit of phonetic and semantic conjugation in a language. A morpheme is a unit one level lower than a word, and a word is the smallest unit that can be used independently in a language, which refers to the position and role of a word in the syntactic structure.

From the words themselves in the language, many words can be further analyzed into several smallest phonetic continuities, i.e., morphemes.

Second, morphemes. A morpheme is the smallest phonetic and semantic combination in a language. That is to say, a linguistic unit must meet three conditions at the same time - "minimum, sound, meaningful" in order to be called a morpheme, especially "minimum" and "meaningful". Monosyllabic language units can be determined directly using morpheme definitions, while two-syllable and polysyllabic language units can be substituted, that is, a known morpheme can be used to replace the language unit to be determined whether it is a morpheme or not.

Both morphemes and morphemes can be combined with other morphemes to form words.

Morphemes and morphemes are different names for the same concept.

In middle school Chinese teaching, morphemes were called morphemes in the Provisional System of Secondary School Grammar Teaching before 1981, and morphemes were called morphemes in the Summary of Secondary School Teaching Grammar System (Trial) after 1981. The definition of both is:

A morpheme is the smallest phonetic-semantic combination and the smallest grammatical unit.

Morpheme, translated from the English morpheme, can also be translated as "morpheme". Comparatively speaking, it is better to use the name "morpheme", because the division of morphemes can precede words, and the division of morphemes must come after words, and the demarcation of words and phrases in Chinese itself has some dilemmas or dilemmas.

A morpheme is the smallest phonetic and semantic combination in a language, and it is the smallest linguistic unit that can distinguish meanings. The role and function of morphemes is mainly word formation. Thus, in general, a morpheme is a unit of word formation, although free morphemes can also be formed into words on their own and used freely.

If words and fixed phrases are units of use, then morphemes are alternate units. [1]

Words are made up of morphemes. A morpheme is the smallest unit of phonetic and semantic combination that cannot be used independently in a language. As a word-forming material, morphemes exist only in words and function in language through words. It cannot refer to things, nor can it be used as sentence-making material. [2]

Note: There is essentially no difference between morphemes and morphemes, both refer to linguistic units one level lower than words. However, the term "morpheme" focuses on emphasizing that the morpheme is the result of further segmentation of the word (i.e. .

The division of morphemes must be followed by words). As it stands, the term "morpheme" is more commonly used, for reasons explained in the first paragraph. There are inherently unclear boundaries between words and phrases in Chinese, but this does not affect our ability to segment morphemes (i.e. :

The division of morphemes can precede words). Therefore, it is not necessary to emphasize that morphemes are derived from word segmentation.

1] Zhang Bin. New Modern Chinese (2nd Edition)[M].Shanghai: Fudan University Press, 2008

2] Wang Dechun. Introduction to Linguistics[M].Shanghai: Shanghai Foreign Language Education Press, 1997

Morphemes are essentially the same as morphemes, and they are both minimal phonetic and semantic combinations.

Why don't the people who ask the questions deal with it, and it's not easy for people to answer the questions.

What is Morpheme?

A morpheme is the smallest phonetic and semantic combination in a language. In other words, a linguistic unit must meet three conditions at the same time - "minimum, sound, and meaning" in order to be called a morpheme.

For example: monosyllabic morpheme "person."", "Heavens."", "Ground.""Wait.

Two-syllable morphemes: lute, butterfly, sofa, grape, etc.

Polysyllabic morphemes: crackling, rippling, olympic, brandy, etc.

These are all morphemes.